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Current status and Perspective Development of Broomcorn Millet production in China

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2012年第11期13卷 2438-2441页

作者：刘猛赵宇刘斐李顺国河北省农林科学院谷子研究所/河北省杂粮研究实验室河北石家庄050035

[Objective] This paper analyzed present status of broomcorn millet produc- tion in China, including cultivation methods, fertilization utilization, diseases, insect pests and disasters, machinery development, planting benefit and other aspects. [Method] The corn millet data reported by China Industrial and Technological Re- search System of Millet in 2011 were analyzed by descriptive statistical analysis of EXCEL. [Result] The results show that 17 678.57 kg/ha of farm manure, 155.77 kg/ha of urea, 259.5 kg/ha of compound fertilizer, 203.13 kg/ha of phosphate fertilizer and 75 kg/ha of potash fertilizer were used in China; the national mechanization degree of broomcorn millet production is lower than 30% in all; the average income of broomcorn millet production is 10 503.33 yuan/ha, and the VCR is 2.64; most broomcorn millet producing areas are affected by mild pests and diseases, very few are affected by mild and moderate pests and diseases, and the impact of natural disasters is the lightest. [~onclusien] Currently fertilizer utilization for broomcorn millet is proper but the mechanization level and planting benefit are low, natural disasters, pests and diseases are not severe; finally the authors proposed some suggestions on the fertilizer utilization, mechanization production, benefit increasing, disaster warning, disease and insect controlling and government policy-making for broomcorn millet production.

关键词： Broomcorn millet production status Development proposals China

Application of fiber Bragg grating sensor network in aluminum reduction tank shell temperature monitoring

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Journal of Central South University 2013年第4期20卷 924-930页

作者：姜明顺隋青美苗飞贾磊彭蓬 School of Control Science and Engineering Shandong University Jinan 250061 China Yanzhou Coal Mining Group Postdoctoral Work-station Zoucheng 273500 China

A fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor network was designed to implement the real-time health monitoring of the aluminum reduction cell. The heat transfer process was simulated using software ANSYS, and an on-line shell monitoring system was established based on optical sensing technology. According to aluminum reduction cell heat transfer theory, the 2D slice finite element model was developed. The relationship between shell temperature and cell status was discussed. Fiber Bragg grating （FBG） was chosen as the temperature sensor in light of its unique advantages. The accuracy of designed FBG temperature sensors exceeds 2 ~C, and good repeatability was exhibited. An interrogation system with 104 sensors based on VPG （volume phase grating） filter was established. Through the long-term monitoring on running state, the status of the aluminum reduction cell, including security and fatigue life could be acquired and estimated exactly. The obtained results provide the foundation for the production status monitoring and fault diagnosis. Long-term test results show good stability and repeatability which are compatible with electrolysis process.

关键词： aluminum reduction cell fiber Bragg grating numerical simulation shell temperature production status

Impact of Khat production and Marketing on the Livelihood of Smallholder Households in Ethiopia

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Agricultural Sciences 2022年第12期13卷 1309-1320页

作者： Tofik Abdella Dawide Fresenbet Zeleke Mustefa Musse Ebro Agricultural Economics Oda Bultum University Chiro Ethiopia School of Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness Haremaya University Dire Dawa Ethiopia Rapid Response Nursing Winnipeg Regional Health Authority Winnipeg Canada

Khat, Ethiopia’s largest export cash crop, is the backbone of the Ethiopian economy. However, Ethiopia has not yet fully promoted its position as the utmost producer and exporter of khat in a global market because of its different policy discourses and illegal trade issues on khat production. The life of many smallholder households relies on khat production and its marketing in a country. Hence for thus, some information has been gathered on different aspects of khat with the objectives of reviewing khat’s impacts on the livelihood of smallholder farmers, its production status, and marketing constraints in Ethiopia. To review these objectives, data from CSA, and different published materials on khat were used. According to the review, khat production has a positive impact on securing household food insecurity and improving the livelihood status of smallholder farmers, and the largest foreign exchange-earning cash crops. However, it is exploited almost in all parts of a country’s government policy discourse on khat production and its trade legal issues, lack of infrastructure, zero access to extension services, zero tangible value addition, inadequate technology transfer, and research, and price volatility because of product perishability behavior are among major constraints threatened in khat production in Ethiopia. Its vulnerable and corrupted marketing system, zero market promotion and political dichotomy, long market chain, chronic market information, and unfair price were reported by different scholars as major problems of khat marketing in Ethiopia. From these probs: The government should analyze why and its impact on khat production discourse policy on the livelihood of smallholder households and overlook positive policy proclamation. Encouraging research and technology transfer to transform products into manufacturing industries, enhancing infrastructural and institutional facilities, and improving khat production product technologies through development, and

关键词： Khat production status Smallholder Livelihood Impact Marketing Constraints

Analysis of Natural Condition,Present Situation and Potential of Rice production Development in Angola

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2011年第12期12卷 1983-1984,F0003页

作者：杨前进安徽省农业科学院水稻研究所安徽合肥230031

[Objective] The aim was to make analysis on natural condition,present situation,and potential of rice production development in Angola.[Method] Conclusion and analysis of rice development in Angola were conducted from natural condition,production status,present problem and development potential.[Result] In Angola,about 30 million hectares agricultural lands enjoy fresh water,temperature,and light resources which are requirement for rice ***,however,some disadvantages have harassed the nation,such as outdated production mode and technology,small cultivated area and low level of per unit *** addition,about 98% of consumed rice was imported from other *** government has attached high importance to food production,and rice production was a priority of national *** unit rice yield would achieve 7 500 kg/hm2 if Angola introduces hybrid rice species and high-yield cultivation techniques from China.[Conclusion] The research provided technical reference for enterprises or individuals ready to invest in rice development in Angola.

关键词： Rice in Angola production status Development potential