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Identifying Brand Consistency by product differentiation Using CNN

Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第7期140卷 685-709页

作者： Hung-Hsiang Wang Chih-Ping Chen Department of Industrial Design National Taipei University of TechnologyTaipeiTaiwan Department of product Design Ming Chuan UniversityTaoyuanTaiwan

This paper presents a new method of using a convolutional neural network(CNN)in machine learning to identify brand consistency by product appearance *** Experiment 1,we collected fifty mouse devices from the past thirty-five years from a renowned company to build a dataset consisting of product pictures with pre-defined design features of their appearance and *** show that it is a challenge to distinguish periods for the subtle evolution of themouse devices with such traditionalmethods as time series analysis and principal component analysis(PCA).In Experiment 2,we applied deep learning to predict the extent to which the product appearance variation ofmouse devices of various *** investigation collected 6,042 images ofmouse devices and divided theminto the Early Stage and the Late *** show the highest accuracy of 81.4%with the CNNmodel,and the evaluation score of brand style consistency is 0.36,implying that the brand consistency score converted by the CNN accuracy rate is not always perfect in the real *** relationship between product appearance variation,brand style consistency,and evaluation score is beneficial for predicting new product styles and future product style *** addition,the CNN heat maps highlight the critical areas of design features of different styles,providing alternative clues related to the blurred *** study provides insights into practical problems for designers,manufacturers,and marketers in product *** not only contributes to the scientific understanding of design development,but also provides industry professionals with practical tools and methods to improve the design process and maintain brand *** can use these techniques to find features that influence brand ***,capture these features as innovative design elements and maintain core brand values.

关键词： Machine learning product differentiation brand consistency principal component analysis convolutional neural network computer mouse

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Multi-Dimensional product differentiation

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Frontiers of Economics in China-Selected Publications from Chinese Universities 2019年第4期14卷 497-535页

作者： Qihong Liu Jie Shuai Department of Economics University of OklahomaNormanOK 73019USA Wenlan School of Business Zhongnan University of Economics and LawWuhan 430073China

We analyze product differentiation in a multi-dimensional model with non-uniform consumer *** level of product differentiation is measured by both unit transport costs and firms'*** analysis concerns both ***,fixing firms'locations,we show that equilibrium prices can increase or decrease with unit transport *** overall result depends on the interplay of a shifting effect and a rotating effect-the latter exists only in multi-dimensional ***,fixing unit transport costs,we find that under non-uniform distribution,there may exist no equilibrium where firms maximize differentiation on one dimension but minimize differentiation on other ***,there may exist an equilibrium where firms choose intermediate locations,contrary to common findings in existing studies which assume uniform distribution.

关键词： multi-dimensional model product differentiation unit transport costs location choice consumer distribution

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PRICE AND SERVICE COMPETITION WITH MAINTENANCE SERVICE BUNDLING

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2015年第2期24卷 168-189页

作者： Yi Wang Linyan Sun Rong Qu Gang Li Department of Industrial Engineering School of ManagementHangzhou Dianzi University Department of Industrial Engineering School of ManagementXi'an Jiaotong University Automated Scheduling Optimization and Planning Group School of Computer ScienceUniversity of Nottingham

In many equipment manufacturing industries, firms compete with each other not only on products price, but also on maintenance service. More and more traditional products oriented finns are offering their customers products bundled with maintenance service （P＆S bundles）. In this study, we examine finns＇ incentive to offer customers products bundling with long-term maintenance or repair support service in a duopoly competitive environment. When providing P＆S bundles, a finn need to determine the service level （in terms of average response time guarantee for the service in this paper） to offer and needs to build a service facility to handle the maintenance service requirements. Based on the analysis of three sub-game models, we characterize the market conditions in which only one firm, both finns or neither finn will offer P＆S bundles. Finally, we analyze the affects of serval market factors on firms＇ strategy choices.

关键词： Service competition queues products and service bundles product differentiation

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Factors for wireless operators'collusion and competition

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The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 2007年第1期14卷 61-64页

作者： WEN Dan-hui CHEN Rong-bang LU Ting-jie School of Economics and Management Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084 China School of Higher Vocational Education Henan Polytechnic UniversityJiaozuo 454000 China School of Economics and Management Science Beijing University of Posts andTelecommunications Beijing 100876 China

This article analyses on why China Mobile and China Unicom have chosen price war rather than tacit collusion these years. On the basis of the analysis on factors that influence tacit collusion, and combined with the facts of wireless communication market, the author suggests that the market asymmetries, cost asymmetries, and product differentiation are the basic factors, which trigger price competition between the Chinese wireless operators. By constructing a game model based on Chum rate, this article discusses how these factors cause a fight between the operators and how vigorous the price competition will be. At last, the author suggests that to keep vigor in this industry, continuous structural adjustment is essential. Besides, the number portability policies may cause tacit collusion.

关键词： chum rate wireless communication collusion,market asymmetries cost asymmetries product differentiation

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A New Global Auto Industry?

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China & World Economy 2011年第1期19卷 63-82页

作者： Henryk Kierzkowski Graduate Institute of International Studies

This paper brings together a number of robust trade models to shed some light on the likely evolution of the global automotive industry. Vertical product differentiation, intra-industry trade and fragmentation of production leading to international outsourcing are important features of the existing global automotive sector. The global automotive sector will most likely experience groundbreaking changes over the coming decades. The sector is confronted with a multidimensional technological revolution spurred by radical product innovation, shifts in customer demand and government incentives. A dominant driver will be growing public concern about climate change. China and India might well become leading players by 2050, if not earlier.

关键词： automotive industry trade flows product differentiation new technology outsourcing China

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differentiation-Based Analysis of Environmental Management and Corporate Performance

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Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University(English Edition) 2007年第2期15卷 154-159页

作者：山栋明穆昕 Antai School of Management Shanghai Jiaotong University

By building a duopoly model based on product differentiation, both of the clean firm＇s and the dirty firm＇s performances are studied under the assumptions that consumers have different preferences for the product environmental attributes, and that the product cost increases with the environmental attribute. The analysis results show that under either the case with no environmental regulation or that with a tariff levied on the dirty product, the clean firm would always get more profit. In addition, the stricter the regulation is, the more profit the clean finn would obtain. This can verify that from the view of product differentiation, a firm could improve its corporate competitiveness with environmental management.

关键词： product differentiation Enviromental management Competitive advantage Corporate performance

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产品差异度与厂商共谋行为

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产业经济 2009年第4期

作者：李建标于娟王光荣巨龙

对该问题的研究，除了来自理论观点和政策角度的兴趣外，此类实验的空白也是其中之一。标准的默契共谋理论认为在线性需求条件下价格和产品差异度之间没有明显的联系，其他一些理论例如价格匹配理论则认为两者之间存在单调关系。我们沿... 详细信息

对该问题的研究，除了来自理论观点和政策角度的兴趣外，此类实验的空白也是其中之一。标准的默契共谋理论认为在线性需求条件下价格和产品差异度之间没有明显的联系，其他一些理论例如价格匹配理论则认为两者之间存在单调关系。我们沿着Bertrand理论渊源构建了模型，并设计产品差异度和默契共谋的实验室实验，在实验室环境里检验产品差异度和共谋之间的关系。我们的实验结果证伪了纳什回归模型，基本证实了价格匹配模型和T时期惩罚模型。

关键词：默契共谋产品差异度实验价格匹配模型 Tacit Collusion product differentiation Experiment Price Matching Model

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Effect of product Differemiation on Business Model Performance in B2B Market

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International English Education Research 2018年第1期 54-57页

作者： XU Yafu ZHAO Xiaokang WANG Weihong Glorious Sun School of Business and management Donghua University Shanghai 200051 China

Focusing on B2B market, this paper studies the effect of product differentiation on business model perlbrmance. After interviewing several experts and analyzing numbers of distributing questionnaires. the author discovered that product differentiation has a positive effect on business model performance. Through SEM. it is revealed that product differentiation at each level have positive effect on business model, with different effect weight. The main contributions of this research are summarized as follows： Firstly, the proposed model of the product differentiation on business model performance lays the basis for scientific measurement of product differentiation and its effect on business model performance; Secondly, this research ranks the importance of product differentiation at different level in B2B market; Finally, this research provides a good reference for enterprises to update their product strategy for better business model performance.

关键词： product differentiation Business Model Performance B2B

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Sequential introduction of quality-differentiated add-ons in advance bundling

Sequential introduction of quality-differentiated add-ons in...

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第30届中国控制与决策会议

作者： Zichen Zhang Xinggang Luo Jiafu Tang Yang Yu College of Information Science and Engineering Northeastern University Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University

Advance bundling is a hybrid strategy of advance selling and bundling strategy. The firm bundles the base product with one add-on in advance period and then sells another quality-differentiated add-on individually in spot period. This paper establishes an analytical model to solve the optimal advance price and the optimal spot price over two periods when consumers are heterogeneous. The experimental results show that when the number of high-value segment is large, the high advance price and spot price is optimal, while the low advance price and spot price is optimal when the number of low-value segment is large.

关键词： Bundling Advance selling product differentiation

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产业资本结构与战略性R&D贸易政策

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国际贸易研究 2011年第3期 57-64页

作者：张振华

本文基于产品差异化，通过构建双寡头竞争模型，考察了资本结构和产品差异化对政府R&D政策的影响，发现在出口竞争产业中，政府R&D补贴不仅能促进本国厂商R&D产出，还能降低外国厂商R&D产出。同时，产业中外资的存在，使政府的战略性贸... 详细信息

本文基于产品差异化，通过构建双寡头竞争模型，考察了资本结构和产品差异化对政府R&D政策的影响，发现在出口竞争产业中，政府R&D补贴不仅能促进本国厂商R&D产出，还能降低外国厂商R&D产出。同时，产业中外资的存在，使政府的战略性贸易政策存在阈值效应；随着外资比例的变化，政府的最优政策或为R&D补贴或为R&D征税或为支持自由贸易。而且产品差异化程度还会影响政府R&D补贴或征税的范围及力度。

关键词：资本结构产品差异化 R&D 战略性贸易政策阈值效应 capital structure product differentiation R&D strategic trade policy threshold effect

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