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Tannic acid extracted from gallnut prevents post-weaning diarrhea and improves intestinal health of weaned piglets

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Animal Nutrition 2021年第4期7卷 1078-1086页

作者： Yanyan Song Yong Luo Bing Yu Jun He Ping Zheng Xiangbing Mao Zhiqing Huang Junqiu Luo Yuheng Luo Hui Yan Quyuan Wang Huifen Wang Daiwen Chen Jie Yu Animal Nutrition Institute Sichuan Agricultural UniversityKey Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance NutritionSichuan ProvinceChengdu611130China Departments of Traditional Chinese Medicine Sichuan Academy of Medical SciencesSichuan Provincial People's HospitalChengdu610031China

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels of tannic acid(TA)on growth performance,diarrhea rate,nutrient digestibility and intestinal health in weaned piglets.A total of 180 weaned piglets(Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire,24 d of age,initial average BW=7.77±0.17 kg)were allotted to 5 groups(6 pigs/pen and 6 replicates/group)in a randomized complete block design according to their gender and body *** were fed a basal diet,or the basal diet supplemented with 0.05%,0.1%,0.2%or 0.4%TA for 28 *** supplementary levels of TA in the diets were obtained by adding tannalbin containing 51%TA and 40.17%*** results showed that,compared with the CON group,dietary TA did not affect ADFI,ADG or F:G,and linearly reduced(Pdiarrhea rate and diarrhea index of *** were no significant effects on apparent total tract digestibility(ATTD)in the 0.05%,0.1%and 0.2%TA groups,while negative effects(Ppost-weaning diarrhea and improved intestinal health of weaned piglets,and the appropriate level of TA supplementation woul

关键词： Tannic acid Weaned piglet post-weaning diarrhea Intestinal health

Dietary inclusion of multispecies probiotics to reduce the severity of post-weaning diarrhea caused by Escherichia coli F18+ in pigs

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Animal Nutrition 2021年第2期7卷 326-333页

作者： Yawang Sun Marcos E.Duarte Sung Woo Kim Department of Animal Science North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC27695United States

This study was aimed to determine the efficacy of multispecies probiotics in reducing the severity of post-weaning diarrhea caused by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli(ETEC)F18+on newly weaned ***-two pigs(16 barrows and 16 gilts,BW=6.99±0.33 kg)at 21 d of age were individually allotted in a randomized complete block design with 2×2 factorial arrangement of *** were selected from sows not infected previously and not vaccinated against *** were fed experimental diets for 25 d based on 10 d phase 1 and 15 d phase *** factors were ETEC challenge(oral inoculation of saline solution or *** F18+at 2×109 CFU)and probiotics(none or multispecies probiotics 0.15%and 0.10%for phase 1 and 2,respectively).Body weight and feed intake were measured on d 5,9,13,19,and *** scores were measured *** samples were taken on d 19 and *** d 25,all pigs were euthanized to obtain samples of digesta,intestinal tissues,and *** tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNFα),malondialdehyde(MDA),peptide YY(PYY),and neuropeptide Y(NPY)were measured in serum and intestinal *** were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of *** fecal score of pigs was increased(Ppost-challenge *** ETEC challenge decreased(Pdiarrhea,intestinal inflammation and morphological damages without affecting the growth *** multispecies probiotics enhanced growth pe

关键词： Escherichia coli Growth performance Gut health Nursery pig post-weaning diarrhea Probiotic

Effects of early postnatal gastric and colonic microbiota transplantation on piglet gut health

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 645-658页

作者： Christina Larsen Simone Margaard Offersen Anders Brunse Mattia Pirolo Soumya Kanti Kar Luca Guadabassi Thomas Thymann Department of Veterinary and Animal Science University of CopenhagenDyrlagevej 681870 Frederiksberg CDenmark Animal Nutrition Wageningen Livestock ResearchWageningen University&Research1 De Elst6708 WageningenThe Netherlands

Background diarrhea is a major cause of reduced growth and mortality in piglets during the suckling and weaning periods and poses a major threat to the global pig *** and gut dysbiosis may in part be prevented via improved early postnatal microbial colonization of the *** secure better postnatal gut colonization,we hypothesized that transplantation of colonic or gastric content from healthy donors to newborn recipients would prevent diarrhea in the recipients in the post-weaning *** objective was to examine the impact of transplanting colonic or gastric content on health and growth parameters and paraclinical parameters in recipient single-housed piglets exposed to a weaning transition and challenged with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli(ETEC).Methods Seventy-two 1-day-old piglets were randomized to four groups:colonic microbiota transplantation(CMT,n=18),colonic content filtrate transplantation(CcFT,n=18),gastric microbiota transplantation(GMT,n=18),or saline(CON,n=18).Inoculations were given on d 2 and 3 of life,and all piglets were milk-fed until weaning(d 20)and shortly after challenged with ETEC(d 24).We assessed growth,diarrhea prevalence,ETEC concentration,organ weight,blood parameters,small intestinal morphology and histology,gut mucosal function,and microbiota composition and *** Episodes of diarrhea were seen in all groups during both the milk-and the solid-feeding phase,possibly due to stress associated with single ***,CcFT showed lower diarrhea prevalence on d 27,28,and 29 compared to CON(all Ppost-weaning ***,the protective effect was marginal,suggesting that higher doses,more effective modalities of administration

关键词： Colonic content filtrate transplantation Colonic microbiota transplantation Gastric microbiota transplantation Gut microbiota Mucosa Neonatal post-weaning diarrhea

Targeting mitochondria with antioxidant nutrients for the prevention and treatment of postweaning diarrhea in piglets

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Animal Nutrition 2023年第4期15卷 275-287页

作者： Lei Qiao Xina Dou Xiaofan Song Jiajing Chang Hongbo Yi Chunlan Xu School of Life Sciences Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'anShaanxi710072China State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South ChinaGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and NutritionInstitute of Animal Science of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhouGuangdong510640China

post-weaning diarrhea(PWD)in piglets poses a significant challenge and presents a grave threat to the global swine industry,resulting in considerable financial losses and compromising the welfare of *** is commonly associated with gut homeostatic imbalance,including oxidative stress,excessive inflammation,and microbiota *** use has historically been a common initiative to combat PWD,but concerns about the development of antibiotic resistance have led to increased interest in alternative *** are key players in maintaining cellular homeostasis,and their dysfunction is intricately linked to the onset and progression of *** evidence suggests that targeting mitochondrial function using antioxidant nutrients,such as vitamins,minerals and polyphenolic compounds,may represent a promising approach for preventing and treating ***,nutrients based on antioxidant strategies have been shown to improve mitochondrial function,restore intestinal redox balance,and reduce oxidative damage,which is a key driver of *** present review begins with an overview of the potential interplay between mitochondria and gut homeostasis in the pathogenesis of PWD in ***,alternative strategies to prevent and treat PWD using antioxidant nutrients to target mitochondria are described and ***,we delve into potential limitations and suggest future research directions in this field for further ***,targeting mitochondria using antioxidant nutrients may be a promising approach to combat PWD and provides a potential nutrition intervention strategy for regulating gut homeostasis of weaned piglets.

关键词： post-weaning diarrhea Piglet Antioxidant Nutrient Mitochondria

Phytogenic feed additives alleviate pathogenic Escherichia coli-induced intestinal damage through improving barrier integrity and inhibiting inflammation in weaned pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第1期14卷 295-306页

作者： Se Yeon Chang Min Ho Song Ji Hwan Lee Han Jin Oh Yong Ju Kim Jae Woo An Young Bin Go Dong Cheol Song Hyun AhCho Seung Yeol Cho Dong Jun Kim Mi Suk Kim Hyeun Bum Kim Jin Ho Cho Department of Animal Science Chungbuk National UniversityCheongju 28644South Korea. Division of Animal and Dairy Science Chungnam National UniversityDaejeon 34134South Korea. Eugene-Bio Suwon 16675South Korea. Department of Animal Resources Science Dankook UniversityCheonan 31116South Korea.

Background:This study was conducted to investigate the effects of each phytogenic feed additive(PFA;PFA1,bitter citrus extract;PFA2,a microencapsulated blend of thymol and carvacrol;PFA3,a mixture of bitter citrus extract,thymol,and carvacrol;PFA4,a premixture of grape seed,grape marc extract,green tea,and hops;PFA5,fenugreek seed powder)on the growth performance,nutrient digestibility,intestinal morphology,and immune response in weaned pigs infected with Escherichia coli(***).Results:A total of 634-week-old weaned pigs were placed in individual metabolic cages and assigned to seven treatment *** seven treatments were as follows:1)NC;basal diet without *** challenge,2)PC;basal diet with *** challenge,3)T1;PC+0.04%PFA1,4)T2;PC+0.01%PFA2,5)T3;PC+0.10%PFA3,6)T4;PC+0.04%PFA4,7)T5;PC+0.10%*** experiments lasted in 21 d,including 7 d before and 14 d after the first *** *** the *** challenge treatments,all pigs were orally inoculated by dividing a total of 10 mL of *** F18 for 3 consecutive *** PFA-added groups significantly increased(Ppost-inoculation(PI).Tumor necrosis factorαwas significantly lower(P<0.05)in the PFA-added groups except for T1 in d 14 PI compared to the PC *** T3 had a higher(P<0.05)immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin A concentration compared to the PC treatment at d 7 ***,T3 showed significantly higher(P<0.05)villus height:crypt depth and claudin 1 expression in ileal mucosa,and significantly downregulated(P<0.05)the expression of calprotectin compared to the PC ***:Supplementation of PFA in weaned pigs challenged with *** alleviated the negative effects of *** and improved growth *** them,the mixed additive of bitter citrus extract,thymol,and carvacrol showed the most effective results,improving immune response,intestinal morphology,and expression of tight junction

关键词： Barrier integrity Escherichia coli Immunity Phytogenic feed additive post-weaning diarrhea Weaned pigs