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post-traumatic stress disorder among Defence and Security Forces in Northern Benin (2023)

Open Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第2期14卷 142-161页

作者： Ireti Nethania Elie Ataigba Guy Gérard Aza Gnandji David Sinet Koivogui Dalmace Fauste Adjaho Eurydice Elvire Djossou Anselme Djidonou Francis Tognon Tchegnonsi Prosper Gandaho Josiane Ezin Houngbe Faculté de Médecine & Institut de Formation en Soins Infirmiers et Obstétricaux Université de Parakou Parakou Bénin Service de Psychiatrie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Départemental du Borgou Alibori Parakou Bénin Organisation Non Gouvernementale de Soutien Réhabilitation Insertion et Réinsertion (SouRIR ONG) Parakou Bénin Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Université d’Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Bénin Centre Nationale Hospitalier Universitaire Hubert Koutoucou Maga de Cotonou Cotonou Bénin Faculté des Sciences et Techniques de Santé Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry Conakry Guinée

Introduction: post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is defined as “actual exposure to death or the threat of death, serious injury or sexual violence”, either directly or indirectly, resulting in a symptomatic procession of repetition, avoidance, neurovegetative hyperactivity and individualized symptoms, with or without negative cognitive and mood changes. It therefore goes without saying that the defence and security forces constitute a high-risk population in need of attention. Objective: To study post-traumatic stress disorder in defence and security forces in the city of Parakou in 2023. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study conducted from December 2022 to July 2023. The study population consisted of active military, republican police and firefighters in the city of Parakou in 2023. Non-proportional stratified sampling was used, given the inaccessibility of the source population size for national security reasons. post-traumatic stress disorder was assessed using the “post-traumatic stress disorder checklist-5 (PCLS-5) scale. Results: A total of 305 subjects participated in the survey. Males dominated 90.2%. The most represented corps was the Republican Police (41.6%), most of whom were non-commissioned officers (46.6%). The majority count between 11 and 20 years of service (48.9%), with 2 to 5 missions completed (67.5%). The calculated prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder was 11.8%, based on the post-traumatic stress disorder checklist-5 (PCL-5). Of the 36 respondents with post-traumatic stress disorder, 20 (55.6%) had experienced an armed attack, 25 (69.4%) had witnessed a violent death, 18 (50.0%) had witnessed the agony of a colleague, 15 (41.7%) had been exposed to a fire or explosion, while 26 (72.2%) had been traumatized by physical and/or verbal aggression. 5 (13.9%) had consulted a specialist psychiatrist, while 6 (16.7%) were on medication and 26 (72.2%) used sport as a means of maintaining physical and mental health. Respectively 22 (61.1

关键词： post-traumatic stress disorder Forces Defence Security Benin 2023

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Ginger oil-loaded transdermal adhesive patch treats post-traumatic stress disorder

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences 2024年第3期11卷 316-329页

作者： Xingshuang Song Yizhi Zhang Ziyan Tang Jing Dai Yanping Wu Guiyu Huang Hong Niu Yaxin Wang Xu Jin Lina Du School of Pharmacy Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinan 250355China Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Beijing Institute of Radiation MedicineBeijing 100850China Information Department General Hospital of Western War ZoneChengdu 610083China Pharmaceutical College Henan UniversityKaifeng 475004China Beijing Tiantan Hospital Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100070China Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100021China

Objective To find a viable alternative to reduce the number of doses required for the patients with post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD),and to improve efficacy and patient *** In this study,we used ginger oil,a phytochemical with potential therapeutic properties,to prepare ginger oil ***-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)was used to quantify the main active component of ginger oil,*** absorption experiments were conducted to optimize the various pressure-sensitive adhesives and permeation enhancers,including their type and ***,the ginger oil patches were optimized and subjected to content determination and property evaluations.A PTSD mouse model was established using the foot-shock *** therapeutic effect of ginger oil patches on PTSD was assessed through pathological sections,behavioral tests,and the evaluation of biomarkers such as tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-6(IL-6),brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF),and melatonin(MT).Results The results demonstrated that ginger oil patches exerted therapeutic effects against PTSD by inhibiting inflammatory responses and modulating MT and BDNF *** experiments revealed that ginger oil patches maintained a stable blood drug concentration for at least one day,addressing the rapid metabolism drawback of 6-gingerol and enhancing its therapeutic *** Ginger oil can be prepared as a transdermal drug patch that meets these requirements,and the bioavailability of the prepared patch is better than that of oral *** can improve PTSD with good patient compliance and ease of ***,it is a promising therapeutic formulation for the treatment of PTSD.

关键词： post-traumatic stress disorder 6-Gingerol Pressure sensitive adhesive patch Transdermal delivery

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MicroRNAs as potential biomarkers for diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1957-1970页

作者： Bridget Martinez Philip V.Peplow Department of Pharmacology University of Nevada-RenoRenoNVUSA Department of Medicine University of Nevada-RenoRenoNVUSA Department of Anatomy University of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand

post-traumatic stress disorder is a mental disorder caused by exposure to severe traumatic life ***,there are no validated biomarkers or laboratory tests that can distinguish between trauma survivors with and without post-traumatic stress *** addition,the heterogeneity of clinical presentations of post-traumatic stress disorder and the overlap of symptoms with other conditions can lead to misdiagnosis and inappropriate *** suggests that this condition is a multisystem disorder that affects many biological systems,raising the possibility that peripheral markers of disease may be used to diagnose post-traumatic stress *** performed a PubMed search for microRNAs(miRNAs)in post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)that could serve as diagnostic biomarkers and found 18 original research articles on studies performed with human patients and published January 2012 to December *** included four studies with whole blood,seven with peripheral blood mononuclear cells,four with plasma extracellular vesicles/exosomes,and one with serum *** of these studies had also used whole *** studies were excluded as they did not involve microRNA *** of the studies had collected samples from adult male Veterans who had returned from deployment and been exposed to combat,and only two were from recently traumatized adult *** measuring miRNA expression levels,many of the studies had used microarray miRNA analysis,miRNA Seq analysis,or NanoString *** six studies had used real time polymerase chain reaction assay to determine/validate miRNA expression in PTSD subjects compared to *** miRNAs that were found/validated in these studies may be considered as potential candidate biomarkers for PTSD and include miR-3130-5p in whole blood;miR-193a-5p,-7113-5p,-125a,-181c,and-671-5p in peripheral blood mononuclear cells;miR-10b-5p,-203a-3p,-4488,-502-3p,-874-3p,-5100,and-7641 in plasma extracellular vesicles/

关键词： biomarker diagnosis microRNA peripheral blood mononuclear cells plasma extracellular vesicles/exosomes post-traumatic stress disorder serum exosomes whole blood whole plasma

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Addressing trauma,post-traumatic stress disorder,and posttraumatic growth in breast cancer patients

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World Journal of Experimental Medicine 2024年第3期14卷 108-118页

作者： Amos Nnaemeka Amedu Department of Educational Psychology Faculty of EducationUniversity of JohannesburgJohannesburg 2006GautengSouth Africa

BACKGROUND Breast cancer(BC)is a common cancer among females in *** infected with BC in Africa seems like a life sentence and brings devastating experiences to patients and *** a result,BC is comorbid with trauma,post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD),and post-traumatic growth(PTG).AIM To identify empirical evidence from peer-reviewed articles on the comorbidity trajectories between BC and trauma,BC and PTSD,and BC and *** This review adhered to the PRISMA guidelines of conducting a systematic *** searches of the National Library of Medicine,Scopus,PubMed,Google Scholar,and Scopus databases were conducted using search terms developed for the *** search hint yielded 769 results,which were screened based on inclusion and exclusion *** the end of the screening,24 articles were included in the systematic *** BC patients suffered trauma and PTSD during the diagnosis and treatment *** traumatic events include painful experiences during and after diagnosis,psychological distress,depression,and cultural stigma against BC *** occurrence among BC patients varies across African countries,as this review disclosed:90%was reported in Kenya,80%was reported in Zimbabwe,and 46%was reported in *** severity of PTSD among BC patients in Africa was based on the test results communicated to the ***,this review revealed that BC patients experience PTG,which involves losing,regaining,and surrendering final control over the body,rebuilding a personified identity,and newfound appreciation for the *** Patients with BC undergo numerous traumatic experiences during their diagnosis and *** interventions are needed in SSA to mitigate trauma and PTSD,as well as promote PTG.

关键词： Trauma post-traumatic stress disorder post-traumatic growth Breast cancer Patients Sub-Saharan Africa

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Effects of Pearl Yangxin Anshen Decoction on HAMD and PTSD-SS Scores, Cytokines and Related Metabolites in Patients with post-traumatic stress disorder

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2024年第3期14卷 93-102页

作者： Yu Feng Min Guo Department of Gastroenterology The Fourth People’s Hospital of Haikou Haikou China

Objective: This paper aims to observe the Pearl Yangxin Anshen Decoction to influence the score of HAMD and PTSD-SS, the changes of the cytokines and the related metabolic product in patients with PTSD. Methods: From June 2015 to May 2016, in the traditional Chinese medicine clinics of Hainan Province People’s Hospital, there were 50 patients with PTSD, the age were from 30 to 60, they were randomly divided into treatment group (25 cases) and control group (25 cases), then compared the scores of HAMD and PTSD-SS between the two groups, searched the changes of cytokines and the related metabolic product. Results: In the treatment group: before and after treatment the scores of PTSD-SS were 65.64 ± 7.02, 28.32 ± 4.18, and the scores of HAMD were 29.28 ± 1.97, 11.72 ± 2.13;In the control group: before and after treatment the scores of PTSD-SS were 63.24 ± 6.16, 31.40 ± 4.29, the scores of HAMD were 30.24 ± 2.05, 13.08 ± 2.30. After 3 months patients in treatment group the scores of PTSD-SS and HAMD were lower than the control group (t = 2.570, P = 0.013, t = -2.1640, P = 0.035). In the control group: before and after 3 months treatment the IL-2 levels respectively were 79.84 ± 26.46 pg/ml, 56.18 ± 22.67 pg/ml, the IL-6 levels respectively were 110.83 ± 47.65 pg/ml, 59.67 ± 44.68 pg/ml, the IL-8 levels respectively were 73.11 ± 78.51 pg/ml, 55.83 ± 81.94 pg/ml, the NE levels respectively were 420.04 ± 674.75 pg/ml, 185.31 ± 417.91 pg/ml, the MDA levels respectively were 112.35 ± 62.87 ng/ml, 60.42.33 ± 53.64 ng/ml, the NO levels were 126.6 ± 47.4 μmol/L, 78.6 ± 45.7 μmol/L, the VIP levels were 396.6 ± 144.4 pg/ml, 122.4 ± 111.5 pg/ml. In the treatment group: before and after 3 months treatment the IL-2 levels respectively were 86.00 ± 32.29 pg/ml, 53.84 ± 27.01 pg/ml, the IL-6 levels respectively were 108.21 ± 44.60 pg/ml, 42.46 ± 42.16 pg/ml, the IL-8 levels respectively were 81.48 ± 94.19 pg/ml, 54.07 ± 84.15 pg/ml, the NE levels respectively were 392.93 ± 592.84 pg/m

关键词： post-traumatic stress disorder Psychological Intervention Serological Detection

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Correlation Study of Neurotransmitter and Immune Levels in Pre-Hospital Emergency Nurses with post-traumatic stress disorder

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2024年第1期14卷 12-22页

作者： Yanling Zhou Min Guo Xiangling Jiang Long Li Office of the President The Fourth People’s Hospital of Haikou City Haikou China Department of Psychology Haikou People’s Hospital Haikou China Nursing Department The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College Haikou China

Objective: To investigate the occurrence of PTSD in pre-hospital emergency nurses and its related factors, and to compare the differences of neurotransmitter and immune-related factors between pre-hospital emergency nurses who experienced traumatic events and those who did not develop PTSD and healthy people. How: post-traumatic stress disorder Self-Rating Scale (PCL-C) tests were performed on pre-hospital emergency nurses in PTSD group, non-PTSD group and healthy control group, and the plasma monoamine neurotransmitters and serum cytokines were determined by double-antibody sandwich ABC-ELISA assay using enzyme-linked adsorption kit provided by Shanghai Xitang Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Results: 1) There were statistically significant differences in PCL-C scores between PTSD group, non-PTSD group and healthy group (p α between PTSD group, non-PTSD group and healthy group (p Conclusion: Pre-hospital emergency nurses should have early psychological intervention and guidance to reduce the occurrence of PTSD in emergency and emergency nurses.

关键词： Pre-Hospital First Aid Nurse post-traumatic stress disorder Neuroimmunology

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post-traumatic stress disorder status in a rescue group after the Wenchuan earthquake relief

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Neural Regeneration Research 2013年第20期8卷 1898-1906页

作者： Junhua Huang Qunying Liu Jinliang Li Xuejiang Li Jin You Liang Zhang Changfu Tian Rongsheng Luan Department of Epidemiology Huaxi Public Health School of Sichuan University Yunnan General Hospital of the Chinese People's Armed Police Forces Department of Psychological Counseling Yunnan General Hospital of the Chinese People's Armed Police Forces Department of Psychological Counseling Sichuan General Hospital of the Chinese People's Armed Police Forces Department of Infectious Diseases First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical College Kunming Center for Disease Control Scientific Research and Experimental Center Kunming Medical College

Previous studies have suggested that the incidence of post-traumatic stress disorder in earthquake rescue workers is relatively high. Risk factors for this disorder include demographic characteristics, earthquake-related high-risk factors, risk factors in the rescue process, personality, social support and coping style. This study examined the current status of a unit of 1 040 rescue workers who participated in earthquake relief for the Wenchuan earthquake that occurred on May 12th, 2008. post-traumatic stress disorder was diagnosed primarily using the Clinician-Administered post-traumatic stress disorder Scale during structured interviews. Univariate and multivariate sta-tistical analyses were used to examine major risk factors that contributed to the incidence of post-traumatic stress disorder. Results revealed that the incidence of this disorder in the rescue group was 5.96%. The impact factors in univariate analysis included death of family members, contact with corpses or witnessing of the deceased or seriously injured, near-death experience, severe injury or mental trauma in the rescue process and working at the epicenter of the earthquake. Correlation analysis suggested that post-traumatic stress disorder was positively correlated with psychotic and neurotic personalities, negative coping and low social support. Impact factors in mul-tivariate logistic regression analysis included near-death experience, severe injury or mental trauma, working in the epicenter of the rescue, neurotic personality, negative coping and low social support, among which low social support had the largest odds ratio of 20.42. Findings showed that the oc-currence of post-traumatic stress disorder was the result of the interaction of multiple factors.

关键词： neural regeneration post-traumatic stress disorder incidence Wenchuan earthquake rescue groups influencing factor coping style personality social support cross-sectional investigation risk factors neuroregeneration

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post-traumatic stress disorder:a psychiatric disorder requiring urgent attention

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Medical Review 2022年第3期2卷 219-243页

作者： Jun Du Huapeng Diao Xiaojuan Zhou Chunkui Zhang Yifei Chen Yan Gao Yizheng Wang Science Center Beijing Institute of Basic Medical SciencesBeijingChina

post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)is a severe and heterogenous psychiatric disorder that was first defined as a mental disorder in ***,the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental disorders Fifth Edition(DSM-5)and the International Classification of Diseases 11th Edition(ICD-11)offer the most widely accepted diagnostic guidelines for *** both diagnostic categories,experiencing a traumatic event(TE)is the necessary criterion for diagnosing *** TEs described in the DSM-5 include actual or threatened death,serious injury,sexual violence,and other extreme stressors,either directly or *** than 70%of adults worldwide are exposed to a TE at least once in their lifetime,and approximately 10%of individuals develop PTSD after experiencing a *** important features of PTSD are intrusion or re-experiencing fear memories,pervasive sense of threat,active avoidance,hyperarousal symptoms,and negative alterations of cognition and *** with PTSD have high comorbidities with other psychiatric diseases,including major depressive disorder,generalized anxiety disorder,and substance use *** lines of evidence suggest that the pathophysiology of PTSD is complex,involving abnormal neural circuits,molecular mechanisms,and genetic mechanisms.A combination of both psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy is used to treat PTSD,but has limited efficacy in patients with refractory *** of the high prevalence,heavy burden,and limited treatments,PTSD is a psychiatric disorder that requires urgent *** this review,we summarize and discuss the diagnosis,prevalence,TEs,pathophysiology,and treatments of PTSD and draw attention to its prevention.

关键词： animal models comorbidity pathophysiology post-traumatic stress disorder traumatic events treatments

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Dementia in military and veteran populations:a review of risk factors—traumatic brain injury,post-traumatic stress disorder,deployment,and sleep

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Military Medical Research 2022年第3期9卷 351-364页

作者： Zara Raza Syeda F.Hussain Suzanne Ftouni Gershon Spitz Nick Caplin Russell G.Foster Renata S.M.Gomes Research and Innovation Blind Veterans UK12-14 Harcourt StreetLondonW1H 4HDUK BRAVO VICTOR Research12-14 Harcourt StreetLondonW1H 4HDUK Circadian Therapeutics OxfordOX11BYUK School of Psychological Sciences Monash University18 Innovation WalkClayton CampusWellington RoadMelbourneVIC3800Australia Sleep&Circadian Neuroscience Institute(SCNi) Nuffield Department of Clinical NeurosciencesSir William Dunn School of PathologyOxford Molecular Pathology InstituteUniversity of OxfordSouth Parks RoadOxfordOX13RFUK Northern Hub for Veterans and Military Families Research Department of NursingMidwifery and HealthFaculty of Health and Life SciencesNorthumbria UniversityNewcastleNE77XAUK

The military population face a unique set of risk factors that may increase the risk of being diagnosed with *** brain injury(TBI)and post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)have a higher prevalence in this group in comparison to the civilian *** delving into the individual relationships between TBI and dementia,and PTSD and dementia,we are able to better explore dementia in the military and veteran *** there are some inconsistencies in results,the TBI-dementia association has become more widely ***-tosevere TBI has been found to increase the risk of being diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease.A correlation between PTSD and dementia has been established,however,whether or not it is a causal relationship remains *** such as blast,combat and chemical exposure may occur during a deployment,along with TBI and/or PTSD diagnosis,and can impact the risk of ***,there is a lack of literature exploring the direct effects of deployment on dementia *** problems have been observed to occur in those following TBI,PTSD and *** sleep has been associated with possible dementia *** limited studies have focused on the link between sleep and dementia in military and veteran populations,sleep is a valuable factor to study due to its association and interconnection with other military/veteran *** review aims to inform of various risk factors to the cognitive health of military members and veterans:TBI,PTSD,deployment,and sleep.

关键词： Dementia Alzheimer’s disease traumatic brain injury post-traumatic stress disorder Military Veteran Deployment Sleep

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Brain structure in post-traumatic stress disorder A voxel-based morphometry analysis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2013年第26期8卷 2405-2414页

作者： Liwen Tan Li Zhang Rongfeng Qi Guangming Lu Lingjiang Li Jun Liu Weihui Li Mental Health Institute of the Second Xiangya Hospital Central South UniversityKey Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province Hunan Province Technology Institute of Psychiatry Department of Medical Imaging Jinling Hospital Clinical School of Medical College Nanjing University Department of Radiology the Second Xiangya Hosipital Central South University School of Public Administration Central South University

This study compared the difference in brain structure in 12 mine disaster survivors with chronic post-traumatic stress disorder, 7 cases of improved post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms, and 14 controls who experienced the same mine disaster but did not suffer post-traumatic stress disorder, using the voxel-based morphometry method. The correlation between differences in brain structure and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms was also investigated. Results showed that the gray matter volume was the highest in the trauma control group, followed by the symptoms-improved group, and the lowest in the chronic post-traumatic stress disorder group. Compared with the symptoms-improved group, the gray matter volume in the lingual gyrus of the right occipital lobe was reduced in the chronic post-traumatic stress disorder group. Compared with the trauma control group, the gray matter volume in the right middle occipital gyrus and left middle frontal gyrus was reduced in the symptoms-improved group. Compared with the trauma control group, the gray matter volume in the left superior parietal lo- bule and right superior frontal gyrus was reduced in the chronic post-traumatic stress disorder group. The gray matter volume in the left superior parietal Iobule was significantly positively correlated with the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory subscale score in the symptoms-improved group and chronic post-traumatic stress disorder group （r = 0.477, P = 0.039）. Our findings indicate that （1） chronic post-traumatic stress disorder patients have gray matter structural damage in the prefrontal lobe, oc- cipital lobe, and parietal lobe, （2） after post-traumatic stress, the disorder symptoms are improved and gray matter structural damage is reduced, but cannot recover to the trauma-control level, and （3） the superior parietal Iobule is possibly associated with chronic post-traumatic stress disorder. post-traumatic stress disorder patients exhibit gray matter abnormalities.

关键词： neural regeneration neuroimaging MRI post-traumatic stress disorder voxel-based morphometry pre-frontal lobe parietal lobe occipital lobe follow-ups grants-supported paper neuroregeneration

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