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Polyethylene glycol derived carbon quantum dots nanofluids:An excellent lubricant for diamond-like carbon film/bearing steel contact

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Friction 2022年第9期10卷 1393-1404页

作者： Fu WANG Lunlin SHANG Guangan ZHANG Zhaofeng WANG State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication Lanzhou Institute of Chemical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Polyethylene glycol derived carbon quantum dots nanofluids were synthesized via a slow thermal oxidation process.The size of carbon quantum dots was ca.2 nm and had a decreasing trend with the increase of oxidation time.When used as lubricant in a diamond-like carbon film/bearing steel interface,the nanofluids achieved an ultra-low friction coefficient(μ≈0.02),much lower than that of original Polyethylene glycol(μ=0.12).The worn surface analyses revealed that the nanofluids could effectively inhibit the tribo-oxidation of steel counterpart that occurred under original Polyethylene glycol lubrication,and hence reduced the abrasion component of friction.Especially,the poly-hydroxyl carbon dots and oxidized Polyethylene glycol species in nanofluids induced a hydroxyl-rich sliding interface via their tribochemical reactions with friction surfaces,which promoted the adsorption of Polyethylene glycol molecules on sliding surfaces.Along with the mild corrosion wear of steel counterface,this shifted the boundary lubrication to a mixed/film lubrication regime,thereby achieving an ultra-low friction coefficient.The above results suggest that the Polyethylene glycol derived carbon quantum dots nanofluids should be a quite excellent candidate lubricant for solid–liquid synergy lubrication based on diamond-like carbon films.

关键词： Polyethylene glycol diamond-like carbon films ultra-low friction synergy lubrication

Biological porous carbon encapsulated Polyethylene glycol-based phase change composites for integrated electromagnetic interference shielding and thermal management capabilities

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第18期113卷 147-157页

作者： Shuang Liu Mengjie Sheng Hao Wu Xuetao Shi Xiang Lu Jinping Qu Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage Huazhong University of Science&TechnologyMinistry of EducationWuhan 430074PR China Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials Huazhong University of Science&TechnologyWuhan 430074PR China Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHuazhong University of Science&TechnologyWuhan 430074PR China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNorthwestern PolytechnicalUniversityXi’an 710072China School of Materials Science and Engineering Henan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 471023PR China

The development of functional composites with excellent thermal management capabilities and electro-magnetic interference(EMI)shielding has become extremely urgent for keeping up with the continuous improvement of the operating speed and efficiency for electronic equipment.In this study,the biolog-ical wood-derived porous carbon(WPC)was determined as the supporting material to encapsulating Polyethylene glycol(PEG),and a series of WPC/PEG/Fe_(3)O_(4) phase change composites(PCCs)with excel-lent shape stability,EMI shielding and thermal management capabilities were prepared via a simple vac-uum impregnation method.The Fe_(3)O_(4) magnetic particles modified PCCs have greatly improved the EMI shielding effectiveness(SE).The EMI SE of WP-4(7.5 wt.% Fe_(3)O_(4) in PEG)can be up to 55.08 dB between 8.2−12.4 GHz,however,the WP-0 without Fe_(3)O_(4) addition is only 40.08 dB.Meanwhile,the absorption ratio of electromagnetic waves(EMW)has also increased from 75.02%(WP-0)to 85.56%(WP-4),which effectively prevents secondary pollution.In addition,after wrapping a thin layer of polydimethylsiloxane resin(PDMS),the obtained WP-4 can maintain a high heat storage capacity(109.52 J/g)and good wa-ter stability.In short,the prepared WPC/PEG/Fe_(3)O_(4) PCCs have great potential application value in the thermal management and electromagnetic shielding requirements for electronic devices.

关键词： Biological wood-derived porous carbon Polyethylene glycol Phase change composites Thermal management Electromagnetic interference shielding

Adding Polyethylene glycol to steer ration containing sorghum tannins increases crude protein digestibility and shifts nitrogen excretion from feces to urine

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Animal Nutrition 2021年第3期7卷 779-786页

作者： Biao Xie Xiao Yang Ling Yang Xianjiang Wen Guangyong Zhao State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural University100193BeijingChina Sorghum Research Institute Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences030600JinzhongChina

The objectives of the experiment were to study the effects of adding Polyethylene glycol(PEG)to steer ration containing high sorghum tannins on rumen fermentation,nutrient digestion,nitrogen(N)balance and plasma biochemical parameters.Eight growing steers at 16 months of age were allotted to a replicated 4×4 Latin square design with 4 treatments and 4 periods(19 d each).Polyethylene glycol at 0,1.75,3.50 and 7.00 g/kg dry matter(DM)were added to a basal ration containing 27.82%DM of sorghum grain(total tannins 3.3 g/kg DM)as the treatments.The results indicated that adding PEG quadratically increased the ruminal pH(P=0.049),tended to linearly increase the ruminal concentration of total volatile fatty acids(P=0.070),increased the molar proportion of acetate(P=0.016),linearly decreased the molar proportion of butyrate(P=0.015),and tended to increase the molar proportion of iso-valerate(P=0.061)and the ruminal concentration of ammonia N(P=0.092).Adding PEG tended to quadratically decrease the relative abundance of methanogenic archaea(P=0.082),linearly decreased the relative abundance of Fibrobacter succinogenes(P=0.008)and decreased the relative abundance of Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens(P=0.048)at 7.00 g/kg DM.Dietary addition with PEG increased the crude protein(CP)digestibility(P0.05).It was concluded that adding PEG effectively improved the CP digestibility of the ration containing high sorghum tannins but increased the urinary urea excretion without improving the N retention and N retention rate

关键词： Sorghum tannin Polyethylene glycol Cattle Rumen fermentation Nutrient digestibility Nitrogen retention

Vertically aligned montmorillonite aerogel-encapsulated Polyethylene glycol with directional heat transfer paths for efficient solar thermal energy harvesting and storage

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第5期31卷 907-916页

作者： Qijing Guo Cong Guo Hao Yi Feifei Jia Shaoxian Song Key Laboratory of Green Utilization of Critical Non-metallic Mineral Resources Ministry of EducationWuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China

The conversion and storage of photothermal energy using phase change materials(PCMs)represent an optimal approach for harnessing clean and sustainable solar energy.Herein,we encapsulated Polyethylene glycol(PEG)in montmorillonite aerogels(3D-Mt)through vacuum impregnation to prepare 3D-Mt/PEG composite PCMs.When used as a support matrix,3D-Mt can effectively prevent PEG leakage and act as a flame-retardant barrier to reduce the flammability of PEG.Simultaneously,3D-Mt/PEG demonstrates outstanding shape retention,increased thermal energy storage density,and commendable thermal and chemical stability.The phase transition enthalpy of 3D-Mt/PEG can reach 167.53 J/g and remains stable even after 50 heating-cooling cycles.Furthermore,the vertical sheet-like structure of 3D-Mt establishes directional heat transport channels,facilitating efficient phonon transfer.This configuration results in highly anisotropic thermal conductivities that ensure swift thermal responses and efficient heat conduction.This study addresses the shortcomings of PCMs,including the issues of leakage and inadequate flame retardancy.It achieves the development and design of 3D-Mt/PEG with ultrahigh strength,superior flame retardancy,and directional heat transfer.Therefore,this work offers a design strategy for the preparation of high-performance composite PCMs.The 3D-Mt/PEG with vertically aligned and well-ordered array structure developed in this research shows great potential for thermal management and photothermal conversion applications.

关键词： montmorillonite aerogel Polyethylene glycol phase change materials solar thermal energy storage flame retardant

Conundrums and confusions regarding how Polyethylene glycol-fusion produces excellent behavioral recovery after peripheral nerve injuries

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第1期13卷 53-57页

作者： George D.Bittner Dale R.Sengelaub Cameron L.Ghergherehchi Department of Neuroscience University of Texas at Austin Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences Indiana University Department of Molecular Biosciences University of Texas at Austin

Current Neuroscience dogma holds that transections or ablations of a segment of peripheral nerves produce：（1） Immediate loss of axonal continuity, sensory signaling, and motor control; （2） Wallerian rapid （1-3 days） degeneration of severed distal axons, muscle atrophy, and poor behavioral recovery after many months （if ever, after ablations） by slowly-regenerating （1 mm/d）, proximal-stump outgrowths that must specifically reinnervate denervated targets; （3） Poor acceptance of microsutured nerve allografts, even if tissue-matched and immune-suppressed. Repair of transections/ablations by neurorrhaphy and well-specified-sequences of PEG-fusion solutions （one containing Polyethylene glycol, PEG） successfully address these problems. However, conundrums and confusions regarding unorthodox and dramatic results of PEG-fusion repair in animal model systems often lead to misunderstandings. For example, （1） Axonal continuity and signaling is re-established within minutes by non-specifically PEG-fusing （connecting） severed motor and sensory axons across each lesion site, but remarkable behavioral recovery to near-unoperated levels takes several weeks; （2） Many distal stumps of inappropriately-reconnected, PEG-fused axons do not ever （Wallerian） degenerate and continuously innervate muscle fibers that undergo much less atrophy than otherwise-denervated muscle fibers; （3） Host rats do not reject PEG-fused donor nerve allografts in a non-immuno-privileged environment with no tissue matching or immunosuppression; （4） PEG fuses apposed open axonal ends or seals each shut （thereby preventing PEG-fusion）, depending on the experimental protocol; （5） PEG-fusion protocols produce similar results in animal model systems and early human case studies. Hence, iconoclastic PEG-fusion data appropriately understood might provoke a re-thinking of some Neuroscience dogma and a paradigm shift in clinical treatment of peripheral nerve injuries.

关键词： axonal repair axotomy Wallerian degeneration Polyethylene glycol allograft autograft nerve regeneration

Polyethylene glycol restores axonal conduction after corpus callosum transection

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第5期12卷 757-760页

作者： Ravinder Bamba D.Colton Riley Richard B.Boyer Alonda C.Pollins R.Bruce Shack Wesley P.Thayer Department of Plastic Surgery Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN USA Department of Surgery Georgetown University Washington DC USA Georgetown University School of Medicine Washington DC USA

Polyethylene glycol（PEG） has been shown to restore axonal continuity after peripheral nerve transection in animal models. We hypothesized that PEG can also restore axonal continuity in the central nervous system. In this current experiment, coronal sectioning of the brains of Sprague-Dawley rats was performed after animal sacrifice. 3Brain high-resolution microelectrode arrays（MEA） were used to measure mean firing rate（MFR） and peak amplitude across the corpus callosum of the ex-vivo brain slices. The corpus callosum was subsequently transected and repeated measurements were performed. The cut ends of the corpus callosum were still apposite at this time. A PEG solution was applied to the injury site and repeated measurements were performed. MEA measurements showed that PEG was capable of restoring electrophysiology signaling after transection of central nerves. Before injury, the average MFRs at the ipsilateral, midline, and contralateral corpus callosum were 0.76, 0.66, and 0.65 spikes/second, respectively, and the average peak amplitudes were 69.79, 58.68, and 49.60 μV, respectively. After injury, the average MFRs were 0.71, 0.14, and 0.25 spikes/second, respectively and peak amplitudes were 52.11, 8.98, and 16.09 μV, respectively. After application of PEG, there were spikes in MFR and peak amplitude at the injury site and contralaterally. The average MFRs were 0.75, 0.55, and 0.47 spikes/second at the ipsilateral, midline, and contralateral corpus callosum, respectively and peak amplitudes were 59.44, 45.33, 40.02 μV, respectively. There were statistically differences in the average MFRs and peak amplitudes between the midline and non-midline corpus callosum groups（P 〈 0.01, P 〈 0.05）. These findings suggest that PEG restores axonal conduction between severed central nerves, potentially representing axonal fusion.

关键词： nerve regeneration Polyethylene glycol nerve repair axonal fusion central nerve injury axonal conduction corpus callosum neural regeneration

Fluorescent Aptamer-Polyethylene glycol Functionalized Graphene Oxide Biosensor for Profenofos Detection in Food

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2020年第5期36卷 787-794页

作者： XIONG Jin'en LI Shuang LI Yi CHEN Yingli LIU Yu GAN Junlan JU Jiahui XIAN Yaoling XIONG Xiaohui College of Food Science and L ight Industry Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816P.R.China

A biosensor based on self-assembled ssDNA(aptamer)and Polyethylene glycol functionalized graphene oxide(GO-PEG)has been designed for sensing profenofos in food.The sensor has employed the fluorescence"on/off"switching strategy in a single step iii homogeneous solution.Compared to traditional detection methods,the strategy proposed here is simple,convenient,fast and sensitive.Furthermore,compared with the general aptamer-GO structure,this aptamer-GO-PEG stmcture is in possession of a better detection performance,wliich is largely attributed to the improvement of the biocompatibility and the adjustment of the adsorption capacity of GO by grafting the blocking agent PEG onto the surface of GO.Additionally,the improved biocompatibility of GO shows better stability in salt solutions and physiological solutions,which is more conducive to its practical application in foods.In this project,profenofos had been detected with the proposed strategy,and the limit of detection has been controlled to be 0.21 ng/mL.This aptasensing assay has been applied to detemiining profenofos in(spiked)tap water,cabbage and milk with the recovery values ranging from 93.1% to 108.5%,from 90.8% to 113.2% and from 105.9% to 114.2%,respectively.

关键词： Aptamer Graphene oxide Polyethylene glycol Profenofos

Nanofibers of Silk Fibroin Controlled by the Crystallization of Polyethylene glycol in Frozen Solution

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2017年第11期35卷 1373-1380页

作者： Cong-heng Chen Juan Zhao Zhou Yang Qing Sun 周平 State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers Department of Macromolecular ScienceFudan University

The conformation of silk fibroin （SF） frozen with Polyethylene glycol （PEG） at a molecular weight from 2 kDa to 20 kDa and a mass ratio of PEG：SF from 1：5 to 10：1 was studied by spectral and microscopic methods. It is found that the conformation transition of SF from random coil to β-sheet could be induced by the stress resulting from PEG crystallization at -20 ℃, and greatly depended on the cooling rate, PEG：SF mass ratio and PEG molecular weight. These findings provide a new method for the preparation of desired SF nanofibers.

关键词： Silk fibroin Polyethylene glycol Freezing Phase separation Crystallization

Hyponatremic encephalopathy due to Polyethylene glycol-based bowel preparation for colonoscopy:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第1期11卷 187-192页

作者： Yuan Zhao Hai-Sheng Dong Department of Critical Care Medicine Shanghai TCM-integrated HospitalShanghai 200082China

BACKGROUND Adequate bowel preparation is critical for colonoscopy screening.At present,the most widely used intestinal cleaner recommended at home and abroad is Polyethylene glycol(PEG).Intestinal cleansers can cause electrolyte disturbances and hyponatremia.However,hyponatremic encephalopathy due to hyponatremia induced by PEG solution,although rare,can lead to serious irreversible sequelae and even death.CASE SUMMARY In this report,we discuss a case of neurological dysfunction due to hyponatremia,also known as hyponatremic encephalopathy,observed in a 63-year-old woman who underwent PEG-based bowel preparation for colonoscopy.She was eventually transferred to our intensive care unit for treatment due to her Glasgow Coma Scale score of 9/15(Eye opening 2;Verbal response 1;Motor response 6)and abnormal laboratory tests.CONCLUSION Physicians should be thoroughly familiarized with the patient’s history before prescribing PEG for bowel preparation,and timely identification of patients with hyponatremic encephalopathy is essential as delayed treatment is associated with poor neurological outcomes.An intravenous infusion of 3%sodium chloride is recommended at the onset of early symptoms.The goal of treatment is to adequately treat cerebral edema while avoiding serum sodium correction beyond 15 to 20 m Eq/L within 48 h of treatment to prevent osmotic demyelination syndrome.

关键词： Polyethylene glycol Intestinal preparation Hyponatremic encephalopathy Hyponatremia Brain Case report