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Asian Agricultural Research 2024年第5期16卷 29-32页

作者： Junxia LUO Qianqian ZHAO Lumei DUAN Yanzhen LI Huifang QIAO Zhipei DOU Jianbo ZHAO Zhengzhou Product Quality Inspection and Testing Center Zhengzhou 450006China Jiaozuo Product Quality Inspection and Testing Center Kaifeng 454000China Kaifeng Product Quality Inspection and Testing Center Kaifeng 454000China Zhengzhou Agricultural Technology Extension Center Zhengzhou 450002China

[Objectives]To fully understand the quality of commercial enzyme inhibition-colorimetric Pesticide residue rapid detection kits,so that they can play a greater role in the detection and supervision of agricultural products.[Methods]The sensitivity of 28 kinds of Pesticides was determined by using the commercially available enzyme inhibition colorimetric rapid detection kit with Hendu brand.[Results]There was a significant difference in the sensitivity of the kit to each Pesticide,and the kit was more sensitive to dichlorvos among the 28 Pesticides tested.The sensitivity to methyl isosalifos,dimethoate,isocarbophos,fenthion and phorate was poor,and the sensitivity to quinalphos was different between 3.0 and 2.5 mL.[Conclusions]The large difference of the sensitivity of the enzyme inhibition-colorimetric rapid detection kit for Pesticide residues to different kits is a reason for the false positive and false negative test results of the kit,which needs to be considered by relevant personnel.

关键词： Enzyme inhibition-colorimetry Reagent kit Pesticide Inhibition rate Sensitivity

Lower blood malondialdehyde is associated with past Pesticide exposure:findings in Gulf War illness and healthy controls

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Military Medical Research 2022年第2期9卷 205-214页

作者： Beatrice Alexandra Golomb Sridevi Devaraj Alexis K.Messner Hayley Jean Koslik Jun Hee Han Barnabas Yik Department of Medicine School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaSan DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA Department of Pathology and Immunology Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTX 77030USA Swedish Medical Center SeattleWA 98109USA Henry M.Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine San DiegoCA 92134USA Santa Clara Valley Medical Center San JoseCA 95128USA

Background: Malondialdehyde(MDA) is a candidate general marker of oxidative stress(OS). We sought to assess the relation of MDA to Gulf War illness(GWI) and to a variety of exposures.Methods: This is an observational study involving subjects from Southern California recruited from October 2011 to May 2014. MDA was assessed in 81 participants(41 GWI-cases, 40 controls). General and Gulf-specific exposures were elicited. MDA case–control comparison was restricted to 40 matched pairs. The potential association between MDA and exposures was assessed using regression analyses. Gulf-specific exposures were incorporated into a case-specific model.Results: Plasma MDA was significantly lower in GWI-cases than controls. Composite Pesticide and fuel-solvent exposures negatively predicted MDA in the total sample, as well as in the analyses that included either GWI-cases or controls only. Self-reported exposure to organophosphate(OP) nerve gas was a strong predictor for lower MDA level in veterans with GWI.Conclusions: Past Pesticide exposures predicted lower MDA in both veterans with GWI and in healthy controls.

关键词： Malondialdehyde Oxidative stress Free radical Gulf War veterans Gulf War illness Pesticide

Effect of Chinese steamed bun and bread processing on Pesticide residues in wheat flour

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Food Production, Processing and Nutrition

Food Production, Processing and Nutrition 2022年第1期4卷 136-143页

作者： Ying Liang Jinmiao Duan Qingchao Gao Yahui Li Zhiyong Zhang Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province Institute of Food Safety and NutritionJiangsu Academy of Agricultural ScienceNanjing210014JiangsuChina School of Food and Biological Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang212013JiangsuChina

The changes of five Pesticides including imidacloprid, triadimefon, fenitrothion, chlorpyrifos-methyl, and chlorpyrifos in wheat flour during Chinese steamed bun and bread processing were systematically investigated. The Pesticide residues were determined by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector. Dough mixing step in both Chinese steamed bun and bread processing reduced the concentration of five Pesticide residues significantly by 33 to 46%. It was mainly attributed to the increase of moisture content in mixed dough during this step. The reduction of Pesticides in fermenting step varied from 2 to 22% in Chinese steamed bun and bread processing. Resting step in both Chinese steamed bun and bread processing has little effect on the Pesticide residues with the reduction from 2 to 8%. The five Pesticides have different behaviours in steaming step of Chinese steamed bun processing and in baking step of bread processing. During the steaming step, only the concentrations of triadimefon and imidacloprid residues in crust were increased by 52 and 1%, the others in crust and in crumb of Chinese steamed bun were decreased by 4 to 38%. After the baking step, the concentrations of triadimefon and imidacloprid residues in crust, and the triadimefon residue in crumb of bread were increased by 65, 83, and 14%, respectively, the others were all reduced. The processing factors (PFs) for triadimefon and imidacloprid in crust in the steaming and baking steps, for triadimefon in crumb in the baking steps were greater than 1, and the others were all less than 1. Overall, this study provides important references for monitoring Pesticide residues in the processing of wheat flour products. The PFs obtained could be helpful for the risk assessment of Pesticides in wheat flour products.

关键词： Wheat flour Chinese steamed bun Bread Pesticide Processing factor

QSAR Models for Predicting Additive and Synergistic Toxicities of Binary Pesticide Mixtures on Scenedesmus Obliquus

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2022年第3期41卷 166-177,I0011页

作者：莫凌云袁柏康朱杰覃礼堂代俊峰 College of Environmental Science and Engineering Guilin University of TechnologyGuilin 541004China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology Guilin University of TechnologyGuilinGuangxi 541004China Technical Innovation Center of Mine Geological Environmental Restoration Engineering in Southern Karst Area MNRNanning 530023China Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area Guilin University of TechnologyGuilin 541004China

Pesticides released into the environment may pose potential risks to the ecological system and hu-man health.However,existing toxicity data on Pesticide mixtures still lack,especially regarding the toxic interac-tions of their mixtures.This study aimed to determine the toxic interactions of binary mixtures of Pesticides on Scenedesmus Obliquus(S.obliquus)and to build quantitative structure-activity relationship models(QASR)for predicting the mixture toxicities.By applying direct equipartition ray method to design binary mixtures of five pes-ticides(linuron,dimethoate,dichlorvos,trichlorfon and metribuzin),the toxicity of a single Pesticide and its mix-ture was tested by microplate toxicity analysis on S.obliquus.The QASR models were built for combined toxicity of binary mixtures of Pesticides at the half-maximal effective concentration(EC_(50)),30%maximal effective concen-tration(EC_(30))and 10%maximal effective concentration(EC_(10)).The results showed that the single toxicity follows:metribuzin>linuron>dichlorvos>trichlorfon>dimethoate.The mixtures of linuron and trichlorfon,dichlorvos and metribuzin,dimethoate and metribuzin induced synergetic effects,while the remaining binary mixtures exhib-ited additive.The developed QSAR models were internally validated using the leave-one-out cross-validation(LOO),leave-many-out cross-validation(LMO),bootstrapping,and y-randomization test,and externally validated by the test sets.All three QSAR models satisfied well with the experimental values for all mixture toxicities,and presented high internally(R^(2)and Q^(2)>0.85)and externally(Q^(2)_(F1),Q^(2)_(F2),and Q^(2)_(F3)>0.80)predictive powers.The developed QSAR models could accurately predict the toxicity values of EC_(50),EC_(30)and EC_(10)and were superior to the concentration addition model's results(CA).Compared to the additive effect,the QSAR model could more ac-curately predict the binary mixture toxicities of Pesticides with synergistic effects.

关键词： Pesticide QSAR toxicity prediction binary mixture algae

Electrocatalytic degradation of Pesticide micropollutants in water by high energy pulse magnetron sputtered Pt/Ti anode

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2022年第12期33卷 5196-5199页

作者： Yuxin Zeng Siyao Zhang Lifeng Yin Yunrong Dai School of Environment Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China School of Water Resources and Environment China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China

The increasing occurrence of Pesticide micropollutants highlights the need for innovative water treatment technologies,particularly for small-community and household applications.Electro-oxidation is being widely studied in this area,unfortunately,safe,stable and efficient electrocatalytic anodes without released heavy metal ions are still highly required.In this study,we fabricated a Pt/Ti anode by high energy pulse magnetron sputtering(HiPIMS-PtTi)which was used to decompose dichlorvos(DDVP)and azoxystrobin(AZX)in water.The results show that the reaction rate constant(kENR)on HIPIMS was 35.7 min-1(DDVP)and 41.3 min-1(AZX),respectively,superior to electroplating Pt/Ti anode(EP-PtTi).The identification of radicals(^(·)OH,^(1)O_(2),^(·)O_(2)-)and micro-area analyses evidenced that Pt atoms were embedded into the TiO_(2) lattice on the surface of Ti plate by high-energy ions,which resulted in more adsorbed hydroxyls,and higher production of·OH under polarization conditions.Besides,the electro-oxidation intermediates of DDVP and AZX were identified and the degradation pathways were speculated:(1)indirect oxidation dominated by·OH attack,and(2)direct electron transfer reaction of Pesticides on the anode surface.The cooperated reactions achieve the complete degradation and highly efficient mineralization of DDVP and AZX.

关键词： Electrocatalysis Magnetron sputtering Pesticide Degradation mechanism Dichlorvos Azoxystrobin

Reprogramming of phytopathogen transcriptome by a non-bactericidal Pesticide residue alleviates its virulence in rice

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Fundamental Research 2022年第2期2卷 198-207页

作者： Haruna Matsumoto Yuan Qian Xiaoyan Fan Sunlu Chen Yanxia Nie Kun Qiao Dandan Xiang Xinzhong Zhang Meng Li Bo Guo Peilin Shen Qiangwei Wang Yunlong Yu Tomislav Cemava Mengcen Wang State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology&Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects Institute of Pesticide and Environmental ToxicologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province College of Agriculture and BiotechnologyZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Institute of Environmental Biotechnology Graz University of TechnologyPetersgasse 128010 GrazAustria Global Education Program for AgriScience Frontiers Graduate School of AgricultureHokkaido UniversitySapporo 0608589Japan State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Ecology and Environmental Sciences Center South China Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China Key laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Uilization(MOA) Instiute of Fruit Tree ResearchGuangdong Acadermy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou 510640China Tea Research Instiute Chinese Academy of Agriculural SciencesHangzhou 310008China Shanghai Intermnational Studies University Shanghai 200083China Xiaoshan Agricultural Comprehensive Development Zone&Management Committee Hangzhou 311200China

Bacteria equipped with virulence systems based on highly bioactive small molecules can circumvent their host's defense mechanisms.Pathogens employing this strategy are currently threatening global rice production.In the present study,variations in the virulence of the highly destructive Barkholderiaplantarii were observed in different rice-producing regions.The environment-linked variation was not attributable to any known host-related or external factors.Co-occurrence analyses indicated a connection between reduced virulence and 5-Amino-l,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol(ATT),a non-bactericidal organic compound.ATT,which accumulates in rice plants during metabolization of specific agrochemicals,was found to reduce virulence factor secretion by B.plantarii up to 88.8%and inhibit pathogen virulence by hijacking an upstream signaling cascade.Detailed assessment of the newly discovered virulence inhibitor resulted in mechanistic insights into positive effects of ATT accumulation in plant tissues.Mechanisms of virulence alleviation were deciphered by integrating high-throughput data,gene knockout mutants,and molecular interaction assays.TroK,a histidine protein kinase in a two-component system that regulates virulence factor secretion,is likely the molecular target antagonized by ATT.Our findings provide novel insights into virulence modulation in an important plant-pathogen system that relies on the host's metabolic activity and subsequent signaling interference.

关键词： Phytopathogen Virulence factor Transcriptome reprogramming Agrochemical Pesticide Rice

Resistance Monitoring of Field Populations of Panonychus citri to Three Pesticides

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Plant Diseases and Pests 2024年第2期15卷 4-8页

作者： Yang HAN Tingmi YANG Guangxi Citrus Breeding and Cultivation Technology Innovation Center/Guangxi Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Specialty Commercial Crops in North Guangxi/Guangxi Academy of Specialty Crops Guilin 541010China

[Objectives]The paper was to investigate the development of Panonychus citri resistance to commonly used Pesticides in major citrus producing areas in China,and to screen out new green and efficient agents for its control and prevention.[Methods]The resistance changes of field populations of P.citri to abamectin,pyridaben,and bifenazate in 12 locations across five provinces in China were compared using the leaf disc impregnation method.[Results]P.citri in the tested areas exhibited the most severe resistance to abamectin,with approximately 91.7%of the field populations showing high levels of resistance to abamectin(112.1-560.5 times);50%of P.citri populations exhibited high levels of resistance to pyridaben(123.0-202.7 times),while the remaining populations showed intermediate levels of resistance(25.6-80.3 times);except for the Zhejiang Xiangshan 2019 and Jiangxi Yudu 2019 populations,which exhibited a medium level of resistance to bifenazate,the remaining 10 monitored populations demonstrated a high level of resistance to bifenazate(140.4-686.1 times).[Conclusions]It is advisable to discontinue the use of abamectin and bifenazate due to significant resistance observed in populations of P.citri monitored in 12 locations across 5 provinces.It is recommended to reduce the frequency of pyridaben use and alternate with other acaricides that have different mechanisms of action due to the varying degrees of resistance developed.

关键词： Panonychus citri Resistance Pesticide Biological activity

Photoelectrocatalytic degradation of high COD dipterex Pesticide by using TiO_2 /Ni photo electrode

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第6期24卷 1149-1156页

作者： Tao Fang Chao Yang Lixia Liao The State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment National Engineering Research Center of Urban Water Resource&The Academy of Fundamental and Interdisciplinary ScienceHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150080China College of Science Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040China

A TiO2 thin film electrode deposited on porous nickel net （TiO2/Ni） was prepared by the sol-gel method, and the surface morphology, crystal structure features and the grain size were characterized by Field emission scan electron microscopy （FESEM） and X-ray diffraction （XRD）. The photoelectrocatalytic system was set up using a UV high-pressure mercury lamp as the light source, TiO2 coated on foamed nickel as photo anode, Pt sheet as counter electrode and the Pesticide dipterex in synthetic wastewater. Various factors that influence the photoelectrocatalytic decomposition of dipterex Pesticide have been studied, such as degradation time, the type of electrolyte, current density, original pH value and different degradation methods. The prepared catalysts were employed to photoelectrocatalytically degrade the Pesticide dipterex under UV irradiation, comparing the results with photocatalytic degradation and electrochemical oxidation. The results indicated that under the optimal conditions of 0.02 mol/L NaC1 as the supporting electrolyte, current density = 2.5 mA/cm^2, pH 6.0 and dipterex Pesticide 40 mg/L, and reaction time 2 hr, dipterex chemical oxygen demand （COD） removal rate and organophosphorous conversion of up to 82.6% and 83.5% were achieved, respectively. The method of photoelectrocatalytic degradation is more efficient than photocatalysis and electrochemical oxidation. The possible roles of the electrolytes on the reactions and probable mechanisms were also discussed.

关键词： photoelectrocatalysis COD removal TiO2 dipterex Pesticide

Paradoxical systemic toxicity by inhaled paraquat poisoning: A case report

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Journal of Acute Disease 2024年第1期13卷 40-42,I0001-I0005页

作者： Tulika Garg Jaspreet Kaur Yuvraj Singh Cheema Department of General Medicine Government Medical College and HospitalChandigarhIndia

Rationale:Multi-organ failure is a symptom of paraquat poisoning,resulting in high mortality and morbidity rates.Though paraquat is widely available,poisoning through inhalation is rare.Patient’s Concern:A 37-year-old male reported to the emergency department with complaints of vomiting after an alleged history of inhalation of paraquat while at work.Diagnosis:Paraquat poisoning.Interventions:Supportive management along with multiple sessions of hemodialysis.Outcomes:Renal complications caused by paraquat were improved after multiple sessions of hemodialysis.However,the patient developed respiratory complications and later due to persistent hypoxemia and non-responsive to supportive therapy,he succumbed to his illness.Lessons:Acute kidney injury is a complication of paraquat poisoning.However,kidney involvement with the inhalational mode is rare.It is caused by reduction and oxidation cycles,as well as the formation of reactive oxygen species,necessitating hemodialysis as the treatment.Without a clear history,a specific clinical trait,or a diagnostic test,diagnosis can be difficult.Our case thus highlights the inhaled paraquat poisoning,presenting with acute kidney injury with late respiratory impairment as a consequence.

关键词： Paraquat poisoning Pesticide Acute kidney injury Respiratory insufficiency Hemodialysis

Identification of heat shock cognate protein 70 gene （Alhsc70） of Apolygus lucorum and its expression in response to different temperature and Pesticide stresses

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Insect Science 2016年第1期23卷 37-49页

作者： Yang Sun Jing Zhao Yang Sheng Ying-Fang Xiao Yong-Jun Zhang Li-Xin Bai Yongan Tan Liu-Bin Xiao Guang-Chun Xu Institute of Plant Protection Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences Nanjing China Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant Protection Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing China Entomology and Nematology Mid-Florida Research and Education Center University of Florida Apopka Florida USA

Heat shock cognate protein 70 （Hsc70） is a very important stress-resistance protein of insects against environmental stresses. We employed fluorescent real-time quan- titative polymerase chain reaction and Western-blot techniques to analyze the transcrip- tional and translational expression profiles of AIHSC70 under extreme temperature （4℃ and 40℃） or 4 Pesticide stresses in Apolygus lucorum. The results showed that the expres- sion of AIHSC70 were significantly induced by cyhalothrin or extremely high temperature （40℃） in both transcriptional and translational levels （P 〈 0.05）, while the transcriptional and translational level of AIHSC70 decreased significantly in treatments of chlorpyrifos or extreme cold temperature （4℃）（P 〈 0.05）. Moreover, afterApolygus lucorum treated by imidacloprid or emamectin benzoate, the expression of AIHSC70 was only up-regulated significantly at the transcriptional level （P 〈 0.05）, although obviously up-regulated at the translational level of AIHSC70. Therefore, this study confirmed that the Alhsc70 gene played important roles in response to both temperature and Pesticide stresses, especially for cyhalothrin or extremely high temperature （40℃）. In addition, the significant polynomial regression correlations between temperature and the Alhsc70 expression level were shown in all the nymph and adult stages （P 〈 0.01）, indicating temperature was an important factor to affect the relative expression of Alhsc70.

关键词： Apolygus lucorum expression files extreme temperature hsc70 Pesticide