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Suspended particulate matter promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in alveolar epithelial cells via TGF-β1-mediated ROS/IL-8/SMAD3 axis

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第7期141卷 139-150页

作者： Shahrzad Molavinia Dian Dayer Mohammad Javad Khodayar Gholamreza Goudarzi Maryam Salehcheh Cellular and Molecular Research Center Medical Basic Sciences Research InstituteAhvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesAhvazIran Department of Toxicology School of PharmacyAhvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesAhvazIran Student Research Committee Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesAhvazIran Toxicology Research Center Medical Basic Sciences Research InstituteAhvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesAhvazIran Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases Research Center Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesAhvazIran Iranian Scientific Association of Clean Air TehranIran

Epidemiological evidence presents that dust storms are related to respiratory diseases,such as pulmonary fibrosis(PF).However,the precise underlying mechanisms of SPM-elicited adverse effects still need to be ***-mesenchymal transition(EMT)process is a characteristic of *** discussed whether suspended particulate matter(SPM)is involved in EMT induction via transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1).In this study,a detailed elemental analysis(55 elements),particle size,and morphology were *** investigate the toxicity of SPM,an MTT test was performed to detect cell ***,A549cells were exposed to selected concentrations of SPM(20 and 40μg/mL)for single and repeated *** DCFH-DA assay showed that exposure to SPM could produce reactive oxygen species(ROS).The ELISA assay demonstrated increased levels of interleukin-8(IL-8)and TGF-β1 in the *** blot was used to detect the expression of proteins associated with EMT and the SMAD3-dependent *** of western blot demonstrated that E-cadherin was reduced,whereas p-SMAD3,vimentin,andα-smooth muscle actin were *** findings indicated that SPM triggered EMT by induction of oxidative stress,inflammation,and the TGF-β1/SMAD3 pathway activation.

关键词： particulate matter TGF-β1 Oxidative stress Epithelial-mesenchymal transition Pulmonary fibrosis Cells

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Synergistic promotion of particulate matter reduction and production performance via adjusting electrochemical reactions in the zinc electrolysis industry

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第1期18卷 23-33页

作者： Zizhen Ma Jingkun Jiang Lei Duan Jianguo Deng Fuyuan Xu Zehui Li Linhua Jiang Ning Duan School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering Qingdao University of TechnologyQingdao 266520China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of the EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse College of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China School of Physics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Heavy particulate matter (PM) pollution and high energy consumption are the bottlenecks of hydrometallurgy, especially in the electrolysis process. Therefore, an urgent need is to explore PM reduction methods with production performance co-benefits. This study presents three PM reduction methods based on controlling operating parameters, i.e., lowering electrolyte temperature, H2SO4 concentration, and current density of the cathode. The optimized conditions were also investigated using the response surface methodology to balance the PM reduction effect and Zn production. The results showed that lowering electrolyte temperature is the most efficient, with an 89.0% reduction in the PM generation flux (GFPM). Reducing H2SO4 concentration led to the minimum side effects on the current efficiency of Zn deposition (CEZn) or power consumption (PC). With the premise of non-deteriorating CEZn and PC, GFPM can be reduced by 86.3% at the optimal condition (electrolyte temperature = 295 K, H2SO4 = 110 g/L, current density = 373 A/m^(2)). In addition, the reduction mechanism was elucidated by comprehensively analyzing bubble characteristics, electrochemical reactions, and surface tension. Results showed that lower electrolyte temperature inhibited the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and compressed gas volume. Lower H2SO4 concentration inhibited the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and reduced electrolyte surface tension. Lower current density inhibited both OER and HER by decreasing the reaction current. The inhibited gas evolutions reduced the microbubbles’ number and size, thereby reducing GFPM. These results may provide energy-efficient PM reduction methods and theoretical hints of exploring cleaner PM reduction approaches for industrial electrolysis.

关键词： Zinc electrolysis particulate matter Energy consumption Operating parameters Bubble characteristic Electrochemical reaction

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Flow Injection Analysis Technique for Online Preconcentration of Lead Ions in Airborne particulate matter Using Imprinted Polymer as the Sorbent

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Journal of Analysis and Testing 2024年第2期8卷 180-190页

作者： Muhammad Bachri Amran Novita Ambarsari Muhammad Ali Zulfikar Asri Indrawati Rusnadi Rusnadi Saipul Hamdi Analytical Chemistry Division Faculty of Mathematics and Natural SciencesInstitut Teknologi BandungBandung 40132Indonesia Research Center for Climate and Atmosphere National Research and Innovation AgencyBandung 40135Indonesia

This work reported a simple and sensitive flow injection analysis(FIA)technique coupled with a Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer(FAAS)for online preconcentration of lead(Ⅱ)ions in the airborne particulate matter samples(PM_(2.5))using ion-imprinted polymers as adsorbent packed in minicolumn.A bulk polymerization method was chosen to synthesize the polymer based on a ternary complex of lead ions with 4-2-pyridilazo resorcinol and 4-vinyl pyridine with methacrylic acid as a functional *** optimum pH for sorption was 6,and other variables for the FIA system were optimized,including breakthrough volume,eluent concentration,and eluent *** optimum conditions were reached with a breakthrough volume of 4.45 mL,calculated as a dynamic retention capacity of 5.20 mg/g of Pb(II)40 mg/L,with a 1.5 mL/min flow *** eluent used for the FIA system was 0.5 mL HNO_(3)of 3 mol/***,precision,and limits of detection of the FIA system were determined before being applied to preconcentration and analysis of lead ions in PM_(2.5)*** precision of the method was determined to be 3.09%by calculating the coefficients of the *** of the method in the concentration range of 50-1000μg/L gave a coefficient correlation of 0.9925,showing a good response,and the limit of detection of the system was 5.11μg/L,better than that of the FAAS *** of the FIA system were evaluated and showed good results with an enrichment factor of more than 20 times higher and a concentration efficiency of 11.65 min^(-1)with a consumptive index of 4.5 *** and analysis of the PM_(2.5)samples in Bandung City showed the concentrations of Pb(II)were 26.67μg/L and 33.3μg/L with the accuracy of the method for each sample of104.75%and 107.86%.

关键词： Flow injection analysis Lead(II)ions Imprinted polymer particulate matter

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Multi-Pollutant Formation and Control in Pressurized Oxy-Combustion:SO_(x),NO_(x),particulate matter,and Mercury

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Engineering 2024年第8期39卷 127-153页

作者： Gaofeng Dai Jiaye Zhang Zia ur Rahman Yufeng Zhang Yili Zhang Milan Vujanović Hrvoje Mikulčić Nebojsa Manic Aneta Magdziarz Houzhang Tan Richard L.Axelbaum Xuebin Wang MOE Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China School of Ecology and Environment Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228China Faculty of Mechanical Engineering&Naval Architecture University of ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia Faculty of Mechanical Engineering University of MariborMaribor 2000Slovenia Faculty of Mechanical Engineering University of BelgradeBelgrade 11120Serbia AGH University of Krakow Krakow 30059Poland Consortium for Clean Coal Utilization Department of EnergyEnvironmental&Chemical EngineeringWashington University in St.LouisSt.LouisMO 63130USA

Oxy-combustion is a promising carbon-capture technology,but atmospheric-pressure oxy-combustion has a relatively low net efficiency,limiting its application in power *** pressurized oxycombustion(POC),the boiler,air separation unit,flue gas recirculation unit,and CO_(2)purification and compression unit are all operated at elevated pressure;this makes the process more efficient,with many advantages over atmospheric pressure,such as low NO_(x)emissions,a smaller boiler size,and *** is also more promising for industrial application and has attracted widespread research interest in recent *** can produce high-pressure CO_(2)with a purity of approximately 95%,which can be used directly for enhanced oil recovery or ***,the pollutant emissions must meet the standards for carbon capture,storage,and *** of the high oxygen and moisture concentrations in POC,the formation of acids via the oxidation and solution of SO_(x)and NO_(x)can be increased,causing the corrosion of pipelines and ***,particulate matter(PM)and mercury emissions can harm the environment and human *** main distinction between pressurized and atmospheric-pressure oxy-combustion is the former’s elevated pressure;thus,the effect of this pressure on the pollutants emitted from POC—including SO_(x),NO_(x),PM,and mercury—must be understood,and effective control methodologies must be incorporated to control the formation of these *** paper reviews recent advances in research on SO_(x),NO_(x),PM,and mercury formation and control in POC systems that can aid in pollutant control in such systems.

关键词： Pressurized oxy-combustion Sulfur oxides Nitrogen oxides particulate matter Mercury Direct contact cooler Carbon capture and sequestration

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Ethyl acetate fraction of Sargassum pallidum extract attenuates particulate matter-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in keratinocytes and zebrafish

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2024年第4期14卷 137-146页

作者： Wook Chul Kim Ji-Won Park Bohyun Yun WonWoo Lee Kyung-Min Choi Seung-Hong Lee Department of Medical Science Soonchunhyang UniversityAsan 31538Republic of Korea Honam National Institute of Biological Resources 99Gohadoan-gilMokpo-siJeollanam-do 58762Republic of Korea Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering Soonchunhyang UniversityAsan 31538Republic of Korea

Objective:To evaluate the effect of the ethyl acetate fraction derived from Sargassum pallidum extract against particulate matter(PM)-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in HaCaT cells and ***:HaCaT cells and zebrafish were used to evaluate the protective effects of the ethyl acetate fraction of Sargassum pallidum extract against PM-induced oxidative stress and *** production of nitric oxide(NO),intracellular ROS,prostaglandin E_(2)(PGE_(2)),and pro-inflammatory cytokines,and the expression levels of COX-2,iNOS,and NF-κB were evaluated in PM-induced HaCaT ***,the levels of ROS,NO,and lipid peroxidation were assessed in the PM-exposed zebrafish ***:The ethyl acetate fraction of Sargassum pallidum extract significantly decreased the production of NO,intracellular ROS,and PGE_(2) in PM-induced HaCaT *** addition,the fraction markedly suppressed the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and inhibited the expression levels of COX-2,iNOS,and NF-κ***,it displayed remarkable protective effects against PM-induced inflammatory response and oxidative stress,represented by the reduction of NO,ROS,and lipid peroxidation in ***:The ethyl acetate fraction of Sargassum pallidum extract exhibits a protective effect against PM-induced oxidative stress and inflammation both in vitro and in vivo and has the potential as a candidate for the development of pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical products.

关键词： particulate matter Inflammation Oxidative stress Sargassum pallidum Ethyl acetate fraction Zebrafish

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Modeling and Characterization of Fine particulate matter Dynamics in Bujumbura Using Low-Cost Sensors

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2024年第1期12卷 256-267页

作者： Egide Ndamuzi Rachel Akimana Paterne Gahungu Elie Bimenyimana Doctorate School of the University of Burundi Bujumbura Burundi Department of Physics University of Burundi Bujumbura Burundi Department of Mathematics Imperial College London London UK Climate and Atmosphere Research Centre (CARE-C) The Cyprus Institute Nicosia Cyprus

Air pollution is a result of multiple sources including both natural and anthropogenic activities. The rapid urbanization of the cities such as Bujumbura, economic capital of Burundi, is one of these factors. The very first characterization of the spatio-temporal variability of PM2.5 in Bujumbura and the forecasting of PM2.5 concentration have been conducted in this paper using data collected during a year, from August 2022 to August 2023, by low-cost sensors installed in Bujumbura city. For each commune, an hourly, daily and seasonal analysis was carried out and the results showed that the mass concentrations of PM2.5 in the three municipalities differ from one commune to another. The average hourly and annual PM2.5 concentrations exceed the World Health Organization standards. The range is between 28.3 and 35.0 μg/m3. In order to make a prediction of PM2.5 concentration, an investigation of Recurrent Neural Networks with Long Short-Term Memory has been undertaken.

关键词： particulate matter Recurrent Neural Networks Calibration

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Carbon nanotube-based photothermal membrane for efficient cold air heating and removal of particulate matter and airborne bacteria

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Green Carbon 2024年第1期2卷 101-108页

作者： Weichao Dong Lina Huang Xiangju Song Yan Zhang Mengke Liu Zhenzhen Ren Long Pang Hui Peng Heqing Jiang Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266101China School of Material Science and Engineering Henan Polytechnic UniversityJiaozuo 454003China Shandong Energy Institute Qingdao 266101China Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory Qingdao 266101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101408China College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering HuangHuai UniversityZhumadian 463000China

Indoor heating results in high energy consumption and severe atmospheric *** the development of solar air heaters provides a sustainable route for indoor thermal comfort,such heaters still face challenges in terms of adequate heat exchange and filtering of atmospheric *** by solar-driven interfacial evaporation,we propose a multifunctional carbon nanotube-based photothermal membrane for efficient cold air heating and purification via *** nanotubes endow the membrane with high light absorption and thermal conversion capabilities,thereby sufficiently heating the approaching cold *** the hierarchical structure formed by phase inversion,the thin upper skin of the composite membrane intercepts micropollutants via the size-sieving effect,whereas the finger-like pores and interpenetrating macrovoids inside the membrane ensure that the heated clear air passes through quickly.A proof-of-principle experiment indicated a cold airflow of 1 L/min across the membrane,yielding a temperature increase of ca.37℃ as well as a PM 2.5 rejection always higher than 93%.Further antibacterial experiments demonstrated that the membrane effectively removed airborne *** multifunctional carbon nanotube-based photothermal membrane with specific microstructures not only improves the indoor living quality but also provides a sustainable development scheme to coordinate the relationship among energy utilization,building heating,and air purification.

关键词： Indoor heating Carbon nanotubes Multifunctional photothermal membrane Hierarchical structure particulate matter

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particulate matter emission by an isolated rotating wheel

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Building Simulation 2021年第4期14卷 1163-1173页

作者： Jinwei Song Hua Qian Dongliang Zhao Weixue Jiang Xiaohong Zheng School of Energy and Environment Southeast UniversityNanjingChina Engineering Research Center of Building Equipment Energyand EnvironmentMinistry of EducationBeijingChina College of Electrical Energy and Power EngineeringYangzhou UniversityYangzhouChina Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Solar Energy Science and Technology School of Energy and EnvironmentSoutheast UniversityNanjing210096China

particulate matter emission from rotating wheels, which imparts a force to the contact surface and causes strong air currents, is one of the important pollutant sources on the road. This study investigates the particulate matter emission by measuring mass and size distributions of particulate matter near an isolated rotating wheel in a deliberately designed setup. Five rotating speeds from 0.7 m/s to 1.5 m/s are conducted to test its impact on the emission of particulate matter. Mass of particulate matter is measured at twenty-six sampling points around the rotating wheel under different experimental conditions. Experimental results show that the farther away from the wheel, the less of particulate matters deposited on the sampling points in general. Moreover, the emission factor increases from 0.12 g/vkt to 0.24 g/vkt when the rotating speed of the wheel increases from 0.7 m/s to 1.5 m/s. The number and proportion of PM2.5 and PM10 on different sampling points are also measured. The results show that the position of the highest number of PM2.5 and PM10 tends to move to a further and higher sampling point with the increasing of the speed. Moreover, the number proportions of PM2.5 and PM10 on the sampling points range from 19% to 97% and 61% to 100% at different speeds, respectively. This study is believed to be helpful to estimate particulate matter emission and make effective control strategies on targeted pollution.

关键词： particulate matter emission rotating wheel speed

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particulate matter geochemistry of a highly industrialized region in the Caribbean:Basis for future toxicological studies

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第1期13卷 376-387页

作者： Luis F.O.Silva Ismael L.Schneider Paulo Artaxo Yuleisy Núñez-Blanco Diana Pinto Érico M.M.Flores Leandro Gómez-Plata Omar Ramírez Guilherme L.Dotto Department of Civil and Environmental Universidad de la CostaCUCCalle 58#55–66BarranquillaAtlánticoColombia Department of Applied Physics Institute of PhysicsUniversity of São PauloBrazil Department of Chemistry Universidade Federal de Santa MariaRSBrazil Universidad Militar Nueva Granada(UMNG) Faculty of EngineeringEnvironmental EngineeringKm 2 Cajicá-ZipaquiráColombia Chemical Engineering Department Federal University of Santa Maria-UFSM1000Roraima Avenue97105-900 Santa MariaRSBrazil

Air pollution has become an important issue,especially in Caribbean urban areas,and,particulate matter(PM)emitted by different natural and anthropogenic sources causes environmental and health *** this work,we studied the concentrations of PM_(10) and PM_(2.5) sources in an industrial and port urban area in the Caribbean region of *** samples were collected within 48-h periods between April and October 2018 by using a Partisol 2000 i-D *** geochemical characterization was performed by X-ray fluorescence(XRF)***,ionic species and black carbon(BC)were quantified by ion chromatography and reflectance spectroscopy,*** the Positive Matrix Factorization(PMF)receptor model,the contributions of PM sources were *** average concentration of PM_(10) was 46.6±16.2μg/m^(3),with high concentrations of Cl and *** PM_(2.5),the average concentration was 12.0±3.2μg/m^(3),and the most abundant components were BC,S,and *** receptor model identified five sources for PM_(10) and PM_(2.5).For both fractions,the contributions of marine sea spray,re-suspended soil,and vehicular traffic were *** addition,PM_(2.5) included two mixed sources were found to be fuel oil combustion with fertilizer industry emissions,and secondary aerosol sources with building construction ***,PM_(10) was found to also include building construction emissions with re-suspended soil,and metallurgical industry *** obtained geochemical atmospheric results are important for the implementation of strategies for the continuous improvement of the air quality of the Caribbean region.

关键词： Urban air pollution particulate matter Geochemical composition Aerosol source apportionment Receptor models PMF

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Palm oil biodiesel:An assessment of PAH emissions,oxidative potential and ecotoxicity of particulate matter

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第3期33卷 326-338页

作者： Silvana Arias Francisco Molina John R.Agudelo Grupo de Investigación en Gestión y Modelación Ambiental-GAIA Escuela AmbientalFacultad de IngenieríaUniversidad de Antioquia UdeACalle 70 No.52-21MedellínColombia Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica Universidad de Antioquia UdeA

This work assessed the impact of fuelling an automotive engine with palm biodiesel(pure,and two blends of 10%and 20%with diesel,B100,B10 and B20,respectively)operating under representative urban driving conditions on 17 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon(PAH)compounds,oxidative potential of ascorbic acid(OP^(AA)),and ecotoxicity through D aphnia pulex mortality *** diluted with filtered fresh air(WD)gathered in a minitunel,and particulate matter(PM)collected directly from the exhaust gas stream(W/oD)were used for *** showed that PM collecting method significantly impact PAH *** all PAH appeared in both,WD and W/oD,higher concentrations were obtained in the last *** biodiesel concentration in the fuel blend decreased all PAH compounds,and those with 3 and 5 aromatic rings were the most *** biodiesel affected both OP^(AA)and *** B10 and B20 exhibited the same rate of ascorbic acid(AA)depletion,B100 showed significant faster oxidation rate during the first four minutes and oxidized 10%more AA at the end of the test.B100 and B20 were significantly more ecotoxic than *** lethal concentration LC50 for B10 was 6.13 mg/*** was concluded that palm biodiesel decreased PAH compounds,but increased the oxidative potential and ecotoxicity.

关键词： Biodiesel particulate matter P emissions Oxidative stress Ecotoxicity Daphnia pulex

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