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Effects of Organic Manure Application with Chemical Fertilizers on nutrient absorption and Yield of Rice in Hunan of Southern China

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2008年第10期7卷 1245-1252页

作者： XU Ming-gang LI Dong-chu LI Ju-mei QIN Dao-zhu Kazuyuki Yagi Yasukazu Hosen Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Nutritional Cyclying Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 P.R.China Crop Production and Environment Division Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences 1-1 Ohwashi Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8686 Japan

To evaluate the effect of organic manure application with chemical fertilizers on rice yield and soil fertility under long-term double-rice cropping system, a six year field experiment was conducted continually in the paddy soil derived from Quaternary red clay in Hunan Province of southern China. Four different treatments, i.e., no nitrogen with chemical P and K （PK）, swine manure only （M）, N, P and K chemical fertilizers only （NPK）, and half chemical fertilizers combined with half swine manure （NPKM） with four replications were included. Each N, P and K application rate was the same at all the treatments （except the N application rate at PK） and N application rate was 150 kg N ha^-1. All fertilizers were applied to soil tillage layer with once application as baseal fertilizers. The nutrients uptake rate, grain yield, nitrogen use efficiency, and soil organic matter content at each treatment were investigated. The NPKM treatment achieved the highest mean annual yield of 12.2 t ha^-1 （68% higher than that of PK）. Higher dry matter accumulation and nutrients absorption were observed during the middle-late growth period in the NPKM treatment, with higher panicle number per unit and filled-grain number per panicle. Its average nitrogen use efficiency was 36.3% and soil organic matter increased by 18.5% during the experimental period in the NPKM treatment, which were significantly higher than those in the NPK treatment. Organic manure application with chemical fertilizers increased the yield and nitrogen use efficiency of rice, reduced the risk of environmental pollution and improved soil fertility greatly. It could be a good practical technique that protects the environment and raises the rice yield in this region.

关键词： rice chemical fertilizer organic manure nutrient absorption yield

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Bitter compounds delay gastric emptying while affecting plasma hormone profiles and duodenal nutrient absorption in a pig model

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中国药理学与毒理学杂志 2019年第10期 756-757页

作者： FU Ming-hai Eugeni ROURA David VAL-LAILLET Genna BA Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities The University of Queensland INRA

OBJECTIVE Bitter compounds induced innate aversion which was reflected in loss of appetite and decreased fat deposition in a pig model reported by our group. However, the mechanism remains *** hypothesized that bitter compounds would reduce gastric emptying and slow down intestinal peristalsis and modulate intestinal nutrient absorption. METHODS Realtime PCR was used to study the expression of porcine bitter taste receptor genes in the tongue, stomach and duodenum that related to the tested bitter *** non-invasive scintigraphy, organ bath and ussing chamber techniques were used to investigate the intestinal motility and nutrient absorption in a pig model. RESULTS The results showed high expression of T2 Rs both in the stomach and duodenum and that the expression level was most significant in the epithelium relative to the smooth muscle layer. The scintigraphy imaging data showed that caffeine and quinine mixed feed significantly(Pnutrients absorption, which m

关键词： bitter compound T2Rs gastrointestinal motility nutrient absorption obesity

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L-Cysteine enhances nutrient absorption via a cystathionine-β-synthase-derived H2S pathway in rodent jejunum

L-Cysteine enhances nutrient absorption via a cystathionine-...

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中国生理学会基质生物学专业委员会成立大会暨第一次全国基质生物学学术会议

作者： Ailin Xiao Jing Li Tianjian Liu Zhuxi Liu Chuanfei Wei Xiaomeng Xu Qin Li Jingxin Li Department of Physiology School of MedicineShandong University Department of Medical Foundation Hubei College of Chinese Medicine Department of Pathology Central Hospital of Zibo

Hydrogen sulphide(H2 S) is generated endogenouslyfrom L-cysteine(L-Cys) by the enzymes cystathionine-β-synthase(CBS) and cystathionine-γ-lyase(CSE).In addition,L-Cys is commonly used as a precursor in the food and pharmaceutical *** aim of the present study was to determine whether L-Cys regulates intestinal nutrient *** that end,using,the presence of CBS and CSE in the jejuna epithelium and that thegenerates H2 S by immunohistochemistry,Western blotting and the methylene blue *** addition,in vivo,L-Cys(100 mg/kg,administered immediately after the glucose load)significantly increased blood glucose levels30 min after the oral administration of glucoseto *** effect of L-Cys was completely blocked by amino-oxyacetic acid(AOA;50 mg/kg;administered at the same time with L-Cys) an inhibitor of *** of the short-circuit current(Isc) in the rat jejunum epithelium revealed that L-Cys(lmmol/L;6 min before the administration of L-alanine)enhances Na+-coupled L-alanine or glucose transport,and that this effect is inhibited by AOA(1 mmol/L;10 min before the administration of L-Cys),but not D,L-propargylglycine(PAG;lmmol/L;10 min before the administration of L-Cys),a CSE ***,L-Cys—evoked enhancement of nutrient transport was alleviated by glibenclamide(Gli;0.1 mmol/L;lOmin before the administration of L-Cys),a K-channel ***,the dataindicate that L-Cys enhances jejunal nutrient transport,suggesting a new approach to future treatment of nutrition-related maladies,including a range of serious health consequences linked to undernutrition.

关键词： L-cysteine hydrogen sulphide nutrient absorption postprandial blood glucose shortcircuit current

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Effect of Interaction of Potassium, Calcium and Sodium on Cabbage Growth and nutrient absorption

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2013年第7期14卷 1008-1010,1025页

作者：李明悦廉晓娟宁晓光高伟赵秋朱静华高贤彪天津市农业资源与环境研究所天津300192

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the effect of the interactions among potassium （K）, calcium （Ca） and sodium （Na） on cabbage growth and nutrient absorption. MethodA total of 11 treatments with different levels of K, Ca and Na were set in the pot experiment to measure the nutrient content and uptake in cabbage plants. ResultThe use of K or the combined use of K and Ca improved the cabbage absorption on K and Ca. In addition, K and Ca presented an interaction as that appropriate amount of Ca promoted K uptake while excessive Ca inhibited the uptake. The treatment of Ca 2 K 3 with 0.33 g/pot of Ca and 0.67 g/pot of K could significantly increase the quantity of dry matter accumulation and absorption of Ca and K in cabbage, was the best among all treatments. ConclusionApplication of suitable amount of Ca could release the Na stress on cabbage growth at the low level of Na in soil.

关键词： Potassium Calcium Sodium Vegetable growth nutrient absorption

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Stress response to nanoplastics with different charges in Brassica napus *** seed germination and seedling growth stages

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2023年第4期17卷 41-52页

作者： Tao Li Xiufeng Cao Rui Zhao Zhaojie Cui School of Environmental Science and Engineering Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China School of Municipal&Environmental Engineering Shandong Jianzhu UniversityJinan 250101China

Nanoplastic pollution has become a significant problem in farmland systems ***,research on the effects of nanoplastics(NPs)with different charges on field crops is still *** our study,NPs with different charges,including unmodified polystyrene nanoplastics(PS),positively charged polystyrene nanoplastics(PS-NH_(2)),and negatively charged polystyrene nanoplastics(PSSO3H),were investigated for their impacts on seed germination and seedling growth of *** results showed that seed water uptake(after 12 h),seed germination,seed vigour,and relative root elongation were all significantly reduced under exposure to NPs(200 mg/L).Similarly,remarkable decreases in plant biomass(root weight,shoot weight),growth(root length,plant height),photosynthesis ability(chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b,carotenoids),essential nutrient uptake(Fe,Mn,Zn,Cu),and plant quality(soluble protein,soluble sugar,crude fibre content)of rape seedlings were also observed after exposure to *** the three kinds of NPs,PS-NH_(2)showed stronger ***,superoxide dismutase,peroxidase,and catalase activities of rape seedlings were changed,and the content of malondialdehyde was significantly increased under exposure to ***,positively charged PS-NH_(2)showed stronger effects on the phenotype,physiology,biochemistry,nutrient uptake,and plant quality of ***,a comprehensive toxicity evaluation revealed that PS-NH_(2)had the strongest toxicity to *** present study provides important implications for the interaction and risk assessment of NPs and crops in soil-plant systems.

关键词： Nanoplastics Rape(Brassica napus L.) Physiology and biochemistry nutrient absorption Plant quality Toxicity

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Assessment of Plant-Driven Mineral Weathering in an Aggrading Forested Watershed in Subtropical China

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Pedosphere 2016年第6期26卷 817-828页

作者： ZUO Shuangmiao YANG Jinling HUANG Laiming David G.ROSSITER ZHANG Ganlin State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008(China) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049(China) Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101(China) Section of Crop&Soil Sciences Cornell UniversityIthaca NY14853(USA)

Plant growth contributes to mineral weathering, but this contribution remains poorly understood. Weathering rates in an aggrading forested watershed in subtropical China were studied by means of geochemical mass balance. Rainfall, dry deposition, and streamwater were monitored from March 2007 to February 2012. Samples of vegetative components, rainfall, dry deposition, streamwater, representative soils, and parent rock were collected and determined for mass balance calculation and clarifying plant-driven weathering mechanisms stoichiometrically. Ignoring biomass, weathering rates of Ca^2＋, Mg^2＋, Na^＋, and Si were 25.6, 10.7, 2.8, and 51.0 kg ha^-1 year^-1, respectively. Taking biomass into consideration, weathering rates of Ca^2＋, Mg^2＋, and Si and the sum of weathering rates of Ca^2＋, Mg^2＋, Na^＋, K^＋, and Si were 2.6, 1.8, 1.2, and 1.5-fold higher than those ignoring biomass, respectively. This is attributed to plant-driven weathering due to the nutrient （e.g., Ca^2＋, Mg^2＋, and K^＋） absorption by vegetation and substantial proton production during assimilation of these nutrients, with the former acting as a pump for removing weathering products and the latter being a source of weathering agents solubilizing mineral components. The same pattern of weathering, i.e., higher rates of weathering with than without including biomass in mass balance calculation, was reported in previous studies; however, the extent to which plants drive weathering rates varied with vegetation types and climatic zones. The documented biological weathering driven by plants is expected to play a critical role in regulating nutrient cycling and material flows within the Earth＇s Critical Zone.

关键词： biogeochemistry biomass Earth's Critical Zone geochemical mass balance nutrient absorption stoichiometric analysis,vegetation weathering mechanisms

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi enhance the growth of the exotic species Ambrosia artemisiifolia

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2022年第3期15卷 581-595页

作者： Lingjie Kong Xue Chen Ellen Heininger Yerger Qiao Li Fengxin Chen Haiyun Xu Fengjuan Zhang College of Life Science Hebei UniversityBaodingHebei 071002China Department of Biology Indiana University of PennsylvaniaIndianaPA 15705USA State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)can increase host plant nutrient uptake via their mycelium,thus promoting plant *** have always been associated with successful invasion of most exotic plant ***,knowledge regarding how AMF affect the success of plant invasion remains *** Ambrosia artemisiifolia is an invasive and mycorrhizal plant species.A long-term field experiment was conducted to examine the differences in AMF diversity and composition in the roots of *** and Setaria viridis subjected to interspecific competition during growth.A greenhouse experiment was also performed to test the effect of Funneliformis mosseae on the growth of these two *** artemisiifolia invasion caused AMF diversity to change in native *** ***,the relative abundance of *** was significantly higher in the roots of *** than in those of *** higher AMF colonization rate in the exotic species(***)than in the native species(***)was found in both the field and greenhouse *** greenhouse experiment possibly provided that AMF advantaged to the growth of ***,by influencing its photosynthetic capacity as well as its phosphorus and potassium *** observations highlight the important relationship of AMF with the successful invasion of ***.

关键词： Ambrosia artemisiifolia arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi competitive advantage Funneliformis mosseae nutrient absorption successful invasion

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Effects of Biochar,Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Nitrogen Application on Crop(Cichorium intybus L.)Growth and Soil Properties in Cadmium Contaminated Soil

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Journal of Northeast Agricultural University(English Edition) 2022年第4期29卷 11-23页

作者： Su Li-fei Li Yan-cong Wang Sui Sun Xiao-he Liu Bo-wen Sun Yan-kun College of Resources and Environment Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030China College of Agriculture Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030China

The effects of biochar(BC),arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AM),nitrogen(N)and their composite treatments(BC+N,AM+N,BC+AM and BC+AM+N)application on Cichorium intybus L.(*** L.)nutrient uptake,soil properties and cadmium(Cd)accumulation were investigated in Cd contaminated soil(0.11 mg·kg^(-1)).The results showed that the addition of BC increased the rate of mycorrhizal ***,the addition of N slightly inhibited mycorrhizal colonization,and the shoot and root bioaccumulation of chicory was positively influenced by BC and N when inoculated with AM *** with the single component treatment(AM,BC or N)or two-component treatment(BC+N,AM+N or BC+AM),the three-component composite treatment(BC+AM+N)had the highest shoot bioaccumulation,whereas BC+AM treatment was considered the best for root biomass *** with the control treatment,the single component treatment(AM,BC or N)and the composite treatment resulted in an overall improvement of the chicory shoot,root related nutrient uptake(N,P,K,Mg,Ca,Mn and Fe)and some soil physicochemical properties;in addition,these treatments showed better results than BC+AM+N and BC+AM *** the Cd-related indexes,Cd concentrations in the shoot,root and soil of *** *** reduced through treatment with AM and ***,a lower bioconcentration coefficient(BCF)and a higher transfer coefficient(TF)were observed in both treatments,and the most desirable effect was observed following the combination treatment(BC+AM).Compared with other single management,the shoot and root Cd concentrations of *** *** the management of N alone were higher,and the value of BCF(2.63%)was higher,but the value of TF(1.05%)was *** related to Cd improved concurrently following the application of N in combination with BC or ***,in Cd contaminated soils,single or combined application of BC,AM and N could promote chicory growth and nutrient uptake and improve some soil physicochemica

关键词： biochar arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi nitrogen nutrient absorption cadmium accumulation soil nutrient

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Effects of Bicarbonate and High pH Conditions on Zinc and Other nutrients absorption in Rice

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Rice Science 2004年第Z1期 290-296页

作者： MENG Fan-hua, WEI You-zhang, YANG Xiao-e, LIN Jian-jun, LIU Jian-xiang (College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Universtiy, Hangzhou 310029)

Zinc deficiency was widely observed in calcareous soil where bicarbonate and high pH were always related with low zinc availability. In a hydroponic experiment, one zinc-efficient rice （IR36） and one zinc-inefficient rice （IR26） genotypes were employed to investigate the effects of bicarbonate and high pH conditions on absorption, transport of zinc and other nutrients （P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Mn） in rice. As compared with the control, high pH inhibited absorption, translocation and accumulation of zinc and other nutrients in both rice genotypes. Bicarbonate had minor effect on zinc-efficient rice genotype （IR36） whereas it could decrease zinc and other nutrient absorption in zinc-inefficient rice genotype （IR26）. These results implied that increasing rice tolerance to bicarbonate is one of the most important strategies to improve rice adaptation for zinc-deficit calcareous soil.

关键词： rice zinc efficiency pH bicarbonate nutrient absorption

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