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Differential impact of flow and mouth leak on oropharyngeal humidification during high-flow nasal cannula: a neonatal bench study

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2018年第3期14卷 305-309页

作者： Tim Leon Ullrich Christoph Czernik Christoph Bührer Gerd Schmalisch Hendrik Stefan Fischer Department of Neonatology CharitéUniversity Medical CenterCharitéplatz 110117 BerlinGermany

Background Heated humidification is paramount during neonatal high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy. However, there is little knowledge about the influence of flow rate and mouth leak on oropharyngeal humidification and temperature. Methods The effect of the Optiflow HFNC on oropharyngeal gas conditioning was investigated at flow rates of 4, 6 and 8 L min-1 with and without mouth leak in a bench model simulating physiological oropharyngeal air conditions during spontaneous breathing. Temperature and absolute humidity (AH) were measured using a digital thermo-hygrosensor. Results Without mouth leak, oropharyngeal temperature and AH increased significantly with increasing flow (P < 0.001). Mouth leak did not affect this increase up to 6 L min-1, but at 8 L min-1, temperature and AH plateaued, and the eff ect of mouth leak became statistically significant (P < 0.001). Conclusions Mouth leak during HFNC had a negative impact on oropharyngeal gas conditioning when high flows were applied. However, temperature and AH always remained clinically acceptable.

关键词： Humidity Infant non-invasive ventilation Temperature

Intracranial pressure monitoring in neurosurgery:the present situation and prospects

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Chinese Neurosurgical Journal 2023年第3期9卷 212-223页

作者： Chenqi He Chubei Teng Zujian Xiong Xuelei Lin Hongbo Li Xuejun Li Department of Neurosurgery Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan 410008People’s Republic of China Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Brain Tumor Research Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan 410008People’s Republic of China Department of Neurosurgery the First Affiliated HospitalUniversity of South ChinaHengyangHunan 421001People’s Republic of China

Intracranial pressure(ICP)is one of the most important indexes in *** is essential for doctors to determine the numeric value and changes of ICP,whether before or after an *** external ventricular drainage(EVD)is the gold standard for monitoring ICP,more and more novel monitoring methods are being applied *** wired ICP monitoring is still the most commonly used in ***,with the rise and development of various novel technologies,non-invasive types and invasive wireless types are gradually being used clinically or in the testing phase,as a complimentary approach of ICP *** choosing appropriate monitoring methods,clinical neurosurgeons are able to obtain ICP values safely and effectively under particular *** article introduces diverse monitoring methods and compares the advantages and disadvantages of different monitoring ***,this review may enable clinical neurosurgeons to have a broader view of ICP monitoring.

关键词： ICP Cerebrospinal fluid Zero drift Wireless telemetering Absorbable non-invasive

Character of cell-free genomic DNA in embryo culture medium and the prospect of its clinical application in preimplantation genetic testing

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Reproductive and Developmental Medicine 2022年第1期6卷 51-56页

作者： Cai-Xia Lei Xiao-Xi Sun Prenatal Diagnosis Center Obstetrics and Gynecology HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200011China Department of Genetics Shanghai Ji Ai Genetics&IVF InstituteShanghai 200011China Department of Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine Obstetrics and Gynecology HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200011China Department of Gynaecology Shanghai Ji Ai Genetics&IVF InstituteShanghai 20001TChina Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghai 200011China

There is increasing evidence that cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in spent culture media (SCM) can be amplified for genetic testing. Therefore, this paper reviews the characteristics of cfDNA, including its fragment size, amount, origin, as well as some factors affecting the success rate of its amplification, together to provide researchers with a more comprehensive perspective on embryonic cfDNA. The origin of cfDNA in SCM is complicated and poses challenges to the interpretation of genetic test results. Advanced molecular techniques should distinguish between embryonic and contaminated DNA to maximize the success rate of amplification and analysis. Recent data showed that the type of culture medium, assisted hatching or not, the type of amplification kit, and fresh or thawed embryos were not related to the success rate of amplification, but the length of culture time might affect the success rate. The longer culture time, the more cfDNA is available in the SCM. Then we focused on the concordance between trophectoderm (TE), inner cell mass, whole embryo, and embryonic cfDNA. Despite successful amplification, the concordance between TE and embryonic cfDNA was low. In summary, non-invasive genetic testing using SCM could represent a major advance in future single embryo selection, however, contamination and timing for media collection are key factors affecting the results, and current non-invasive cfDNA testing should not be directly applied to clinical practice. Further research is needed to improve the methods used for testing techniques and genetic analysis to achieve greater accuracy and trace its origins before it can be used in the clinics.

关键词： Cell-free DNA Embryo culture medium Genomic DNA non-invasive Pre-implantation genetic testing

In vivo detection of metabolic^(2)H-incorporation upon ingestion of^(2)H_(2)O

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Journal of Bio-X Research 2022年第2期5卷 81-89页

作者： Kim Arnold Xing Chen Hui Zhang Kapil Dev Singh Zhihong Yin Yao Yao Tiangang Luan Pablo Sinues Xue Li University of Basel Children’s Hospital(UKBB) Basel Department of Biomedical Engineering University of BaselAllschwilSwitzerland Institute of Mass Spectrometry and Atmospheric Environment Jinan University School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Guangdong University of Technology Metabolic Innovation Center Zhongshan School of MedicinePlatform of MetabolomicsCenter for Precision Medicine State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol School of Life SciencesSun Yat-sen University Institute of Environmental and Ecological Engineering Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina

Objective:The aim of this work was to explore the feasibility of in vivo and non-invasive monitoring of deuterium/hydrogen(^(2)H/1H)exchange at the metabolic level upon exposure to heavy water(^(2)H_(2)O).Methods:The healthy female mice were randomly assigned to two groups after day 0 when both mice received standard drinking *** treated mouse was fed with^(2)H_(2)O(80%,v/v)and the control mouse fed with standard drinking water(H2O)over next ***-time mass spectrometric analysis of volatile metabolism emitted through breathing and the skin was performed on days 1,2,3,10,12,and *** experiment was approved by the Laboratory Animal Ethics Committee of Jinan University(approval No.20161117163322)on October 29,***:We observed a replacement of 1H by^(2)H in 52 mass spectral features(60^(2)H/1H isotopologue pairs)for the mouse fed with^(2)H_(2)O,but not for the control *** included pyruvic acid and lactic acid,lysine and methyl-lysine as well as short-chain fatty acids comprising acetic acid,propionic acid,butyric acid and valeric ***:Secondary electrospray ionization-high resolution mass spectrometry allows monitoring in vivo^(2)H-incorporation of metabolites in a non-invasive and real-time setup and opens new opportunities to use^(2)H tracing to extend current metabolic studies,especially those with a focus on anaerobic glycolysis,lysine methylation and gut microbiome via monitoring of short-chain fatty acids.

关键词： deuterium isotopes metabolomics non-invasive secondary electrospray ionization-high resolutionmass spectrometry

Spleen stiffness mirrors changes in portal hypertension after successful interferon-free therapy in chronic-hepatitis C virus patients

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World Journal of Hepatology 2018年第10期10卷 731-742页

作者： Federico Ravaioli Antonio Colecchia Elton Dajti Giovanni Marasco Luigina Vanessa Alemanni Mariarosa Tamè Francesco Azzaroli Stefano Brillanti Giuseppe Mazzella Davide Festi Gastroenterology Unit Sant'Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC) University of Bologna Unit of Gastroenterology Borgo Trento University Hospital

AIM To investigate changes in spleen stiffness measurements(SSMs) and other non-invasive tests(NITs) after treatment with direct-acting antivirals(DAAs) and identify predictors of SSM change after sustainedvirological response(SVR). METHODS We retrospectively analysed 146 advanced-chronic liver disease(ACLD) patients treated with DAA with available paired SSM at baseline and SVR24. Liver stiffness(LSM), spleen diameter(SD), platelet count(PLT) and liver stiffness-spleen diameter to platelet ratio score(LSPS) were also investigated. LSM ≥ 21 k Pa was used as a cut-off to rule-in clinically significant portal hypertension(CSPH). SSM reduction > 20% from baseline was defined as *** SSM significantly decreased at SVR24, in both patients with and without CSPH; in 44.8% of cases, SSM reduction was > 20%. LSPS significantly improved in the entire cohort at SVR24; SD and PLT changed significantly only in patients without CSPH. LSM significantly decreased in 65.7% of patients and also in 2/3 patients in whom SSM did not decrease. The independent predictor of decreased SSM was median relative change of LSM. CSPH persisted in 54.4% patients after SVR. Delta LSM and baseline SSM were independent factors associated with CSPH *** SSM and other NITs significantly decrease after SVR, although differently according to the patient's clinical condition. SSM faithfully reflects changes in portal hypertension and could represent a useful NIT for the follow-up of these patients.

关键词： Clinically significant portal hypertension Spleen stiffness measurement Advanced chronic liver disease Direct-acting antivirals Portal hypertension Hepatitis C non-invasive test

Evaluation of kidney allograft status using novel ultrasonic technologies

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Asian Journal of Urology 2015年第3期2卷 142-150页

作者： Cheng Yang Mushuang Hu Tongyu Zhu Wanyuan He Department of Urology Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai Key Laboratory of Organ TransplantationShanghaiChina Department of Ultrasound Zhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai Institute of Imaging MedicineShanghaiChina

Early diagnosis of kidney allograft injury contributes to proper decisions regarding treatment strategy and promotes the long-term survival of both the recipients and the *** biopsy remains the gold standard,non-invasive methods of kidney allograft evaluation are required for clinical ***,novel ultrasonic technologies have been applied in the evaluation and diagnosis of kidney allograft status,including tissue elasticity quantification using acoustic radiation force impulse(ARFI)and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography(CEUS).In this review,we discuss current opinions on the application of ARFI and CEUS for evaluating kidney allograft function and their possible influencing factors,advantages and *** also compare these two technologies with other non-invasive diagnostic methods,including nuclear medicine and *** the role of novel non-invasive ultrasonic technologies in the assessment of kidney allografts requires further investigation,the use of such technologies remains highly promising.

关键词： Ultrasound Acoustic radiation force impulse Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography Kidney transplantation non-invasive

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用光照法无损检测鸡蛋煮熟程度

应用物理 2018年第8期8卷 398-405页

作者：申浩然周彪赵金瑜林方四川大学物理科学与技术学院四川成都四川大学空天科学与工程学院四川成都

目前,人们通常依靠生活经验来判断和控制鸡蛋煮熟程度,缺乏定量检测与精确控制手段。本文提出了一种结合光学与图像分析无损检测鸡蛋煮熟程度的定量方法。鸡蛋煮熟过程中,蛋白质变性使其透光率逐渐变化。用LED光源照射鸡蛋,运用图像处... 详细信息

目前,人们通常依靠生活经验来判断和控制鸡蛋煮熟程度,缺乏定量检测与精确控制手段。本文提出了一种结合光学与图像分析无损检测鸡蛋煮熟程度的定量方法。鸡蛋煮熟过程中,蛋白质变性使其透光率逐渐变化。用LED光源照射鸡蛋,运用图像处理技术分析投射灰度,结合鸡蛋参数可测算鸡蛋中心温度,从而定量判断并控制煮熟程度。此方法具有精度高、操作便捷和普适性好等优点,可以推广用于非侵入式监测固液转化过程。

关键词：光照法鸡蛋煮熟程度无损检测 Illumination Method Boiled Degree of Egg non-invasive Measurement

A New Design of Electrical Impedance Tomography Sensor System for Pulmonary Disease Diagnosis

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Journal of Systems Science and Information 2018年第5期9卷 473-480页

作者： Xiaoyuan LIU Shihong YUE Zeying WANG School of Electrical and Information Engineering Tianjin University

As an advanced process detection technology, electrical impedance tomography(EIT) has wide application prospects and advantages in medical imaging diagnosis. However, a series of issues need to be addressed before applying EIT for bedside monitoring. Medical diagnosis and bedside monitoring are dynamic measuring process, where the positions of measuring electrodes and the shape of the detected field are changing dynamical. Due to the inability to cope with the changeable electrode positions and various dynamic fields, existing EIT systems are mainly used for industrial detection in condition of static measurement and visualization. In this paper, we investigate the dynamic measurement and visualization of human breast in EIT field, describe the design of the measuring sensor system, and expound the measuring principle. The main component of the hardware system is a builtin servo electrical resistance tomography sensor with capacitive sliding rod, which can adapt to the crowd of different chest contour and the change of chest shape in the dynamic process of *** corresponding measuring principle is extracting all real-time positions of measuring electrodes,then obtaining the dynamic boundary, finally dividing the detection field rapidly. Experimental results confirmed that the proposed system can obtain real-time location of boundary sensor and dynamically solve the problem of arbitrary-shape boundary measurement. The imaging results validate the availability of designed sensor system and the effectiveness of the corresponding measuring principle.

关键词： electrical impedance tomography non-invasive dynamic boundary human breast sensor

Quality Improvement in Cardiovascular Imaging

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Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications 2019年第B4期4卷 1-7页

作者： David E.Winchester,MD,MS R.Beyth,MD,MS Malcom Randall VA Medical Center GainesvilleFL 32608USA

Implementation of quality improvement(QI)activities is growing in health care settings across the *** cardiovascular imaging,areas for improvement include consistency of result reporting,greater patient safety through reductions in radiation exposure,and greater effi ciency of care delivery by elimination of wasteful practices and elimination of low-value or rarely appropriate *** in health care is often driven through one of several endorsed frameworks,such as Lean,Six Sigma,and the Model for *** examples of how to teach QI to medical trainees and physicians have been *** this narrative review,we explore the growth and impact of QI in cardiovascular imaging,providing specifi c examples of successful projects,barriers to conducting QI,and rewards of persistent effort toward improving care.

关键词： quality improvement cardiovascular non-invasive imaging graduate medical education audit and feedback