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non-carcinogenic health risk assessment of nitrate and fluoride contamination in the groundwater of Noyyal basin,India

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2022年第6期13卷 619-631页

作者： Karung Phaisonreng Kom Balasubramanian Gurugnanam Swaminathan Bairavi Centre for Applied Geology Gandhigram Rural Institute-Deemed to be UniversityGandhigramDindigul 624302Tamil NaduIndia

The study aims to assess the nitrate and fluoride concentration in groundwater and its adverse effects on human *** 2019,42 groundwater samples were collected from various bore wells within the western Noyyal basin,*** and chloride are the dominant cation and anion,*** nitrate concentration in groundwater samples varies from 2 to 89 mg/L,of which 33.33%are above the permissible limit of 45 mg/L for drinking *** fluoride concentration ranges from 0.2 to 2.4 mg/L,with 28.57%of the samples exceeding the safe value of 1.5 mg/L for drinking *** plots demonstrate that the potential of hydrogen(pH),electrical conductivity(EC),total dissolved solids(TDS),Na^(+)and HCO^(-)_(3)are positively correlated with F^(-),whereas Ca^(2+)is negatively *** Ca-Mg-Cl is the most common water type in the investigated *** Gibbs diagram demonstrates that the interaction between rock and water impacts the groundwater *** the method of the United States Environmental Production Agency(USEPA),this study assesses the non-carcinogenic health risk posed by nitrate and fluoride in different age groups(infants,children,and adults).The values of total hazard index(THI)vary from 0.59 to 10.07(mean=4.76)for infants,0.36 to 6.23(mean=2.95)for children,and 0.19 to 3.32(mean=1.57)for ***,97.62%,92.86%,and 73.81%of the samples surpass the recommended limit(THI=1)for infants,children,and adults,***,the health risk assessment(HRA)indicates that infants and children are more susceptible to noncarcinogenic health hazards than *** THI spatial variation map shows that central and southern regions of the study area have been identified as high health risk areas(THI>3.0)for all age groups.

关键词： Nitrate Fluoride non-carcinogenic Hazard quotient Total hazard index Noyyal basin

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Dietary Intake, carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic Risk Potentials of Lead, Cadmium, Mercury and Arsenic Exposure via Consumption of Dried Crayfish in Calabar, Nigeria

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2022年第8期10卷 340-363页

作者： Udiba U. Udiba Michael O. Odey Udeme U. Udofia Ekom R. Akpan John Ama Ekpo. E. Antai Monica U. Dan Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology University of Calabar Calabar Nigeria Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences University of Calabar Calabar Nigeria Institute of Oceanography University of Calabar Calabar Nigeria Department of Marine Biology Akwa Ibom State University Ikot Akpaden Nigeria

Intense pressure from both onshore and offshore oil exploration and exploitation activities, together with the accompanying urbanization and industrialization has resulted in massive contamination of land and water resources in Niger Delta, Nigeria. Whereas crayfish is very sensitive to contaminant in the aquatic environment and constitute an important part of human diet, its quality and safety from environmental pollutant is of serious health concern. Evaluation of dietary intake, potential carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk of lead, cadmium, mercury and arsenic exposure via consumption of dried crayfish purchased from major markets in Calabar, Nigeria was carried out between June and August 2021. Thirty-six composite samples of dried crayfish purchased from 180 vendors were used for the study. Heavy metals concentrations were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (Model AA-6800, Japan) after wet digestion. Metals concentrations (Mg/kg) were of the ranges 0.02 - 0.24, 0.14 - 0.86, 0.32 - 0.72, 0.04 - 0.19 for Pb, Cd, Hg and As respectively. The mean content of cadmium and mercury exceeded FAO/ WHO and Commission of European Communities maximum levels for crustaceans. Average Estimated Daily Intake for each of the metals was found to be above the recommended daily intake level except for arsenic. The average estimated daily intake values for Cd and Hg were also above the tolerable upper intake level. Average Target Hazard Quotient of all the metals and Hazard Index of all the markets were below 1.00. The Incremental Lifetime Cancer Risk of the metals was greater than the standard tolerable regulatory risk (10-4) for carcinogens. Consumption of crayfish purchased from major markets in Calabar could pose a range of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic human health risks.

关键词： Oil Industry Heavy Metals Crayfish Human Health Risk carcinogenic non-carcinogenic

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Health Risk Assessment from Exposure to Heavy Metals in Surface and Groundwater Resources within Barkin Ladi, North Central Nigeria

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2019年第2期7卷 1-21页

作者： Joyce Ayuba Ramadan Ahmad Isah Haruna Department of Minerals & Petroleum Resources Engineering Plateau State Polytechnic Barkin Ladi Nigeria Department of Applied Geology Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Bauchi Nigeria

Concentration of heavy metals from surface and groundwater within the communities were determined in order to assess the health risks linked to the use/consumption of same. Furthermore, the cancer risk for adults in surface water revealed medium to high cancer risk for arsenic (As);low to medium cancer risk for cadmium (Cd) and very high cancer risk for chromium (Cr). In addition, the cancer risk for adults in groundwater is as follows: high cancer risk for As;low cancer risk for Cd and very high cancer risk for Cr while that for children is very high cancer risk for As and Cr and then low cancer risk for Cd. The findings from this research confirm that the inhabitants within the study area are at direct health risk (carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic) due to the alternate use of surface and groundwater without any form of treatment.

关键词： Health-Risk Heavy Metals Assessment carcinogenic non-carcinogenic

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Health Risk Assessment on Drinking Water in Shenzhen, China

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Occupational Diseases and Environmental Medicine 2018年第3期6卷 71-80页

作者： Guohong Liu Ziqian Xu Jin Li Guangwen Huang Wei Wang Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention Shenzhen China

Objectives: To conduct health risk assessment on drinking water in 2012 in Shenzhen of China. Methods: The water quality monitoring data on product water and pipe water in 2012 were collected and analyzed, and the risk evaluation models recommended by the U.S. environmental protection agency (US EPA) were employed, to perform adults and children’s health risk assessments on the three kinds of genetic toxic substances such as hexavalent chromium, cadmium and arsenic and the 12 non-carcinogenic materials such as iron, manganese, lead, fluoride, volatile phenol, cyanide, mercury, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate, copper, zinc and selenium. Results: The results about water quality from the 150 factory samples and 207 peripheral water samples showed that the measured indicators in other water samples were accord with the National Health Standards (GB5749-2006) released by Ministry of Health of the People’s Republic of China, except manganese level in one factory sample and the same index in one peripheral sample, and nitrate concentration in another water sample were out of limit, respectively. Namely, the total of 3 samples was disqualification. The adults and children’s health risks (HI) on the 12 non-carcinogenic materials were 178.04 × 10-8 and 249.96 × 10-8 in the factor water samples, and 363.02 × 10-8 and 509.66 × 10-8 in the pipe samples, respectively. Lead in factory water and fluoride in peripheral water samples were the most serious harm in the all measured non-carcinogenic indicators. The adults and children’s cancer risks (R) on the 3 genetic toxic substances were 25.60 × 10-6 and 28.51 × 10-6 in the factor water samples, and 23.47 × 10-6 and 26.08 × 10-6 in the pipe samples, respectively. Hexavalent chromium was the most damage among the three detected carcinogenic indicators. Therefore, the total adults and children’s health hazard risks including the 3 carcinogenic and 12 non-carcinogenic substances were 27.38 × 10-6 and 31.00 × 10-6 in the factor water samples,

关键词： Urban Drinking Water carcinogenic Materials non-carcinogenic Materials Health Risk Assessment

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