Dietary Intake, Carcinogenic and Non-Carcinogenic Risk Potentials of Lead, Cadmium, Mercury and Arsenic Exposure via Consumption of Dried Crayfish in Calabar, Nigeria

作     者：Udiba U. Udiba Michael O. Odey Udeme U. Udofia Ekom R. Akpan John Ama Ekpo. E. Antai Monica U. Dan Udiba U. Udiba;Michael O. Odey;Udeme U. Udofia;Ekom R. Akpan;John Ama;Ekpo. E. Antai;Monica U. Dan

作者机构：Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology University of Calabar Calabar Nigeria Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences University of Calabar Calabar Nigeria Institute of Oceanography University of Calabar Calabar Nigeria Department of Marine Biology Akwa Ibom State University Ikot Akpaden Nigeria 

出 版 物：《Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection》 (地球科学和环境保护期刊（英文）)

年 卷 期：2022年第10卷第8期

页      面：340-363页

学科分类：08[工学] 080502[工学-材料学] 0805[工学-材料科学与工程（可授工学、理学学位）] 

主　　题：Oil Industry Heavy Metals Crayfish Human Health Risk Carcinogenic Non-Carcinogenic 

摘      要：Intense pressure from both onshore and offshore oil exploration and exploitation activities, together with the accompanying urbanization and industrialization has resulted in massive contamination of land and water resources in Niger Delta, Nigeria. Whereas crayfish is very sensitive to contaminant in the aquatic environment and constitute an important part of human diet, its quality and safety from environmental pollutant is of serious health concern. Evaluation of dietary intake, potential carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk of lead, cadmium, mercury and arsenic exposure via consumption of dried crayfish purchased from major markets in Calabar, Nigeria was carried out between June and August 2021. Thirty-six composite samples of dried crayfish purchased from 180 vendors were used for the study. Heavy metals concentrations were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (Model AA-6800, Japan) after wet digestion. Metals concentrations (Mg/kg) were of the ranges 0.02 - 0.24, 0.14 - 0.86, 0.32 - 0.72, 0.04 - 0.19 for Pb, Cd, Hg and As respectively. The mean content of cadmium and mercury exceeded FAO/ WHO and Commission of European Communities maximum levels for crustaceans. Average Estimated Daily Intake for each of the metals was found to be above the recommended daily intake level except for arsenic. The average estimated daily intake values for Cd and Hg were also above the tolerable upper intake level. Average Target Hazard Quotient of all the metals and Hazard Index of all the markets were below 1.00. The Incremental Lifetime Cancer Risk of the metals was greater than the standard tolerable regulatory risk (10-4) for carcinogens. Consumption of crayfish purchased from major markets in Calabar could pose a range of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic human health risks.