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Analysis of genital Candida albicans infection by rapid microsatellite markers genotyping

Chinese Medical Journal 2007年第11期120卷 975-980页

作者： SHI Wei-min MEI Xing-yu GAO Fei HUO Ke-ke SHEN Liang-liang QIN Hai-hong WU Zhou-wei ZHENG Jie Department of Dermatology and Venereology Tongji Hospital Tongji University Shanghai 200065 China Department of Dermatology Ruijin Hospital Jiaotong University Shanghai 200025 China State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering Institute of Genetic School of Life Sciences Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China

Background Candida albicans （C. albicans） infection, often occurring in genital candidiasis, has increased dramatically recently. Developing an efficient C. albicans typing method may contribute to understanding its epidemiological characteristics and guiding efficient treatment. We used rapid microsatellite genotyping assay for interstrain differentiation of C. albicans isolates and explored some characteristics of its spread. Methods DNA was extracted from C. albicans isolates from gentalia, recta and mouths of 39 female cases and 27 male cases of genital candidiasis. Three fluorescent primers for the microsatellite markers in conserved genes （CDC3, EF3 and HIS3） of Co albicans were used to amplify the isolates DNA by PCR. Fluorescent signals were read with an automatic sequencer and analyzed with GeneScan software. Results Analysis of the three microsatellites markers showed 18 gene allelic associations in genital C. albicans infected patients： 10 allelic associations in female and 11 allelic associations in male, of which 3 allelic associations shared by both genders covered 71% of infections. The most dominant allele association of pathogenic strains for both genders was 116：124, 122：131,160：200 that covered about 50% of infection. Gentalia and recta shared the same strains in 80% of female patients, but in only 3.8% of male patients. There were 2.7% female patients, but no males, with same strain in both gentalia and mouths. Five of seven genital Co albicans infected couples had the same allelic associations of which 4 were the dominant pathogenic C. albicans susceptible for both genders. Conclusions The predominant allelic association of the pathogenic strain in genital C. albicans infection is 116：124, 122：131, 160：200. Vaginal pathogenic strains are probably maintained from the rectal reservoir. Pathogenic strains of male patients are probably from frequent sexual intercourse. The aggressiveness of some strains varies with gender.

关键词： Candida albicans microsatellite genotype polymorphism

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Extension of the rice DH population genetic map with microsatellite markers

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1998年第2期43卷 149-153页

作者： Yunbi Xu Lishuang Shen Susan R. McCouch Lihuang Zhu Acad Sinica Inst Genet Beijing 100101 Peoples R China Cornell Univ Dept Plant Breeding & Biometry Ithaca NY 14853 USA Zhejiang Agr Univ Dept Agron Hangzhou 310029 Peoples R China

Genetic mapping of microsatellite markers was carried out in a rice DH population derived from a cross between Zaiyeqing 8 (indica) and Jingxi 17 (japonica). A total of 89 microsatellite markers, including 84 (GA)-n, 2(TCT) n, 2(ATT)-n and 1(ATC) n motifs, were integrated relatively evenly into the established genetic map of the DH population. This will facilitate the utilization of microsatillite markers in rice gene mapping and marker aided breeding.

关键词： microsatellite marker rice (Oryza sativa L.) doubled haploid population genetic map.

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Isolation and characterization of nine microsatellite loci from Aphelinus mali （Hymenoptera： Aphelinidae）, a parasitoid of Eriosoma lanigerum （Hemiptera： Aphididae）

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Insect Science 2010年第6期17卷 549-552页

作者： Bias Lavandero Marcos Dominguez Instituto de Biologia Vegetal y Biotecnologia Universidad de Talca Casilla 747 Talca Chile

Nine novel microsatellite markers are presented for Aphelinus mali, a parasitoid of the woolly apple aphid Eriosoma lanigerum. Loci were characterized for 28 individuals from a single orchard in central Chile. Seven loci were polymorphic within A. mali （3-6 alleles per locus; observed heterozygosity ranging from 0.04 to 0.57） and are therefore useful for population genetic studies within this species.

关键词： Aphelinus mali Chalcidoidea Chile microsatellite population genetics

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Inflammation-associated microsatellite alterations:Mechanisms and significance in the prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2018年第1期10卷 1-14页

作者： Minoru Koi Stephanie S Tseng-Rogenski John M Carethers Department of Internal Medicine and Comprehensive Cancer Center University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109-5368United States

microsatellite alterations within genomic DNA frameshift as a result of defective DNA mismatch repair(MMR). About 15% of sporadic colorectal cancers(CRCs) manifest hypermethylation of the DNA MMR gene MLH1, resulting in mono-and di-nucleotide frameshifts to classify it as microsatellite instability-high(MSI-H) and hypermutated, and due to frameshifts at coding microsatellites generating neo-antigens, produce a robust protective immune response that can be enhanced with immune checkpoint blockade. More commonly, approximately 50% of sporadic nonMSI-H CRCs demonstrate frameshifts at di-and tetra-nucleotide microsatellites to classify it as MSIlow/elevated microsatellite alterations at selected tetranucleotide repeats(EMAST) as a result of functional somatic inactivation of the DNA MMR protein MSH3 via a nuclear-to-cytosolic displacement. The trigger for MSH3 displacement appears to be inflammation and/or oxidative stress, and unlike MSI-H CRC patients, patients with MSI-L/EMAST CRCs show poor prognosis. These inflammatory-associated microsatellite alterations are a consequence of the local tumor microenvironment, and in theory, if the microenvironment is manipulated to lower inflammation, the microsatellite alterations and MSH3 dysfunction should be corrected. Here we describe the mechanisms and significance of inflammatory-associated microsatellite alterations, and propose three areas to deeply explore the consequences and prevention of inflammation's effect upon the DNA MMR system.

关键词： microsatellite instability microsatellite stable Elevated microsatellite alterations at selected tetranucleotide repeats Colorectal cancer Mismatch repair Inflammation MSH3

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Advances in immuno-oncology biomarkers for gastroesophageal cancer:programmed death ligand 1,microsatellite instability,and beyond

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第25期24卷 2686-2697页

作者： Emily M Lin Jun Gong Samuel J Klempner Joseph Chao Department of Internal Medicine Harbor-UCLA Medical CenterTorranceCA 90509United States Department of Medical Oncology and Developmental Therapeutics City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer CenterDuarteCA 91010United States The Angeles Clinic and Research Institute Los AngelesCA 90404United States Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States

Blockade of the programmed death ligand 1(PD-L1) and programmed cell death 1(PD-1) receptor axis represents an effective form of cancer immunotherapy. Preclinical evidence initially suggested that gastric and gastroesophageal junction(GEJ) cancers are potentially immunotherapy-sensitive tumors. Early phase clinical trials have demonstrated promising antitumor activity with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in advanced or metastatic gastric/GEJ cancer. microsatellite instability(MSI) and PD-L1 expression have been shown to predict higher response to PD-1 inhibitors as highlighted by the recent approvals of pembrolizumab in treatmentrefractory solid tumors with MSI status and the thirdline or greater treatment of PD-L1 positive advanced gastric/GEJ cancers. However, predictive and prognostic biomarkers remain an ongoing need. In this review, we detail the preclinical evidence and early tissue biomarker analyses illustrating potential predictive biomarkers to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in gastric/GEJ cancer. We also review the clinical development of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in gastric/GEJ cancer and highlight several areas in need of future investigation in order to optimize the efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in gastric/GEJ cancer.

关键词： Immunotherapy programmed cell death 1 programmed death ligand 1 microsatellite instablility Gastric cancer

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Development and Characterization of 15 Polymorphic microsatellite Markers for a Highly Adaptive and Wide-range Frog (Microhyla f issipes)

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Asian Herpetological Research 2013年第3期4卷 202-206页

作者： Jing ZHANG Jie WANG Jianping JIANG Chengdu Institute of Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences

In order to analyze population genetic structure at multiple spatial scales, microsatellite loci were developed for the ornamented pygmy flog （Microhylafissipes）, and 15 polymorphic microsatellite loci were successfully screened from 105 individuals, of which 82 from four populations distributed in the Sichuan Basin and 23 from the Sangzhi population in western Hunan. Five loci were found to deviate significantly from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in one to three popu lations, probably due to small sample size or null alleles. The average number of alleles in all loci was 8.5, ranging from 4 to 13, and the observed and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.26 to 0.90 and 0.63 to 0.90, respectively. The Sangzhi population and the remaining four populations can be clearly separated using Bayesian clustering methods, showing that the genetic structure of M. fissipes was probably affected by the topography, especially mountain barriers. These polymorphic microsatellite loci could be used for further study on the landscape genetics of this highly adaptive and widely distributed species.

关键词： Microhylafissipes microsatellite genetic diversity population genetics

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Origin and domestication history of Peking ducks deltermined through microsatellite and mitochondrial marker analysis

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2009年第11期52卷 1030-1035页

作者： QU LuJiang, LIU Wei, YANG FangXi, HOU ZhuoCheng, ZHENG JiangXia, XU GuiYun & YANG Ning State Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Department of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China State Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Department of Animal Science and Technology China Agricultural University Beijing China

In order to elucidate the domestication history of Peking ducks, 190 blood samples from six Chinese indigenous duck breeds were collected with186 individualsgenotyped by 15 microsatellite markers. Both the FST and Nei’s standard genetic distances (Ds) from the microsatellite data indicated high genetic differentiation between Peking duck and other Chinese indigenous breeds. The haplotype network with mtDNA data showed that most of the Peking duck haplotypes were distinctly different from those of other domestic breeds. Although the H01 haplotype was shared by all domesticated duck breeds, Peking ducks displayed 12 specific domestic duck haplotypes, including four similar haplotypes H02, H04, H08 and H22, that formed a single haplogroup (A). Both H02 and H22 haplotypes were also shared by mallard and Peking ducks, indicating that Peking ducks originated from wild mallard ducks.

关键词： Peking duck Chinese indigenous duck breeds microsatellite mitochondrial DNA genetic relationship

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Mismatch repair proteins and microsatellite instability in solid pseudopapillary neoplasm of the pancreas

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2019年第5期18卷 491-492页

作者： Claudia Covelli Paola Parente Francesco Pepe Pasquale Pisapia Fabiola Fiordelisi Umberto Malapelle UOC di Anatomia Patologica Fondazione Casa Sollievo della SofferenzaViale Cappuccini 171013 San Giovanni RotondoFGItaly Department of Public Health University of Naples Federico ⅡVia Pansini 580131 NapoliItaly

Solid pseudopapillary neoplasms (SPNs) are rare solid pancreatic tumors mainly affecting young women. Despite the high percentage of favorable prognosis, they are considered as low grade malignant neoplasms, and metastases occur in 5%-15% of patients. Almost all SPNs (95%) have somatic activating mutations in the β-catenin gene [1].

关键词： Solid pseudopapillary neoplasms (SPNs) Mismatch repair proteins microsatellite instability

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Potential roles of tumor suppressor genes and microsatellite instability in hepatocellular carcinogenesis in southern African blacks

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2000年第1期6卷 37-41页

作者： Roberts LR LaRusso NF Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineMayo Medical SchoolClinic and FoundationRochesterMN 55905USA

MAJOR POINTS OF THE COMMENTED ARTICLECumulative loss of heterozygosity(LOH)ofchromosomal regions and tumor suppressor geneshas been reported in hepatocellular carcinomas(HCCs) from China,Japan,and *** thisissue of the World Journal of Gastroenterology,Martins et al report an analysis of LOH andmicrosatellite instability in HCCs from a group of

关键词： Subject headings liver neoplasms carcinoma hepatocellular tumor supressor gene microsatellite instability

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Mapping of the nuclear fertility restorer gene for HL cytoplasmic male sterility in rice using microsatellite markers

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2000年第5期45卷 430-432页

作者： HUANG Qingyang HE Yuqing JING Runchun ZHU Renshan ZHU Yingguo College of Life Science Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China College of Life Science Central China Normal UniversityWuhan 430079China

Bulked segregant analysis (BSA) of a BC1 population derived from Congguang 41A//Miyang 23/Congguang 41B was used to map the nuclear fertility restorer gene for Honglian (HL) cytoplasmic male sterility. One hundred and fifty-nine microsatellite primer pairs were screened for polymorphisms between the parents and between two bulks representing fertile and sterile plants. One microsatellite marker RM258 produced polymorphic products. The nuclear fertility restorer gene for HL cytoplasmic male sterility was mapped on chromosome 10, 7.8cM from RM258. The restorer gene may be clustered on chromosome.

关键词： rice HL cytoplasmic male sterility restorer gene microsatellite marker.

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