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Rabbit Defensin(NP-1) Gene Transformation of Wheat and In Vitro microbicidal Activity Assay of Transgenic Plants

High Technology Letters 1999年第1期5卷 96-99页

作者：郭殿京

Monocot high expression vector pBARUNP1, harboring rabbit defensin(NP 1) gene and selective bar gene for resistance to the herbicide Basta, were constructed and then transferred into immature embryos of wheat (“Bobwhite” and “Zhong 60634”)via particle bombardment. Southern and RNA dot blots showed the stable integration and transcription of foreign NP 1 gene in the wheat genome. Furthermore, in vitro microbicidal activity assay indicated the proper translation of defensin. Crude protein extraction of transgenic plants exhibited to some extent cytotoxic to several pathogens including G. saubinetii, B. subtilis, ***, and A. tumefaciens.

关键词： Wheat Rabbit defensin(NP 1)gene Transgenic plant In vitro microbicidal activity assay

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Potentials of <i>Melastoma malabathricum</i>Linn. Flower and Fruit Extracts as Antimicrobial Infusions

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2012年第8期3卷 1127-1134页

作者： Siti Nurhadis Che Omar Janna Ong Abdullah Khairul Anuar Khairoji Sieo Chin Chin Muhajir Hamid Department of Microbiology Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Malaysia Institute of Bioscience Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Malaysia

Melastoma malabathricum Linn. is a shrub that belongs to the family Melastomataceae and a common herbal plant used in folk medicines to treat inflamed wounds. This study was carried out with the aim to evaluate the inhibitory activities of different concentrations of the M. malabathricum Linn. flower and fruit crude extracts against a variety of microorganisms. The inhibitory effects of both extracts were tested against the microorganisms using the disc diffusion method. The lowest concentrations of the extracts producing inhibition zones against the test microorganisms were used to determine their Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs) and Minimum microbicidal Concentrations (MMCs). Both crude extracts showed strong inhibitory activities against Gram-positive bacteria. The range of MIC values for the crude flower and fruit extracts on all the bacteria tested were 12.5 to 100.0 mg/ml. Overall, Gram-positive bacteria were more susceptible to the crude extracts compared to Gram-negative species, potentiating a possible use of the extracts to inhibit or kill potential pathogens.

关键词： Melastoma malabathricum Linn. Flower Fruit Disc Diffusion Method Minimal Inhibitory Concentration Minimal microbicidal Concentration

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Role of Lactic Acid Bacteria-Myeloperoxidase Synergy in Establishing and Maintaining the Normal Flora in Man

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2013年第11期4卷 67-72页

作者： Robert C. Allen Jackson T. Stephens Jr. Department of Pathology School of Medicine Creighton University Omaha USA ExOxEmis Inc. Little Rock USA

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are incapable of cytochrome synthesis and lack the heme electron transport mechanisms required for efficient oxygen-based metabolism. Consequently, LAB redox activity is flavoenzyme-based and metabolism is fermentative, producing lactic acid, and in many cases, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Despite this seeming metabolic limitation, LAB dominate in the normal flora of the mouth, vagina and lower gastrointestinal tract in man. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is produced by the neutrophil leukocytes and monocytes that provide the innate phagocyte defense against infecting pathogens. MPO is unique in its ability to catalyze the H2O2-dependent oxidation of chloride (Cl-) to hypochlorite (OCl-). In turn, this OCl- directly reacts with a second H2O2 to produce singlet molecular oxygen (), a metastable electronic excitation state of oxygen with a microsecond lifetime that restricts its combustive reactivity within a submicron radius of its point of generation. Each day a healthy human adult produces about a hundred billion neutrophils containing about 4 femtograms MPO per neutrophil. Inflammatory states and G-CSF treatment increase both neutrophil production and the quantity of MPO per neutrophil. After a short circulating lifetime, neutrophils leave the blood and migrate into body spaces including the mouth, vagina, urinary tract, and gastrointestinal tract. Greater than a hundred thousand neutrophils are lavaged from the mouths of healthy humans;the quantity lavaged is proportional to the blood neutrophil count. MPO selectively and avidly binds to most Gram-positive and all Gram-negative bacteria tested, but LAB do not show significant MPO binding. Neutrophils migrating to normal flora sites release MPO into the LAB-conditioned milieu containing adequate acidity and H2O2 to support extra-phagocyte MPO microbicidal action. In combination, LAB plus MPO exert a potent synergistic microbicidal action against high MPO-binding microbes. This LAB-MPO synergy provid

关键词： Myeloperoxidase Lactic Acid Bacteria Hydrogen Peroxide Hypochlorite Singlet Oxygen Selective Binding Selective microbicidal Action Normal Flora

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