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The occurrence phases and enrichment mechanism of rare earth elements in cobalt-rich crusts from marcus-wake seamounts

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第8期43卷 58-68页

作者： Jingjing Gao Jihua Liu Hui Zhang Shijuan Yan Xiangwen Ren Quanshu Yan Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and Metallogeny First Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266061China Laboratory for Marine Geology Laoshan LaboratoryQingdao 266237China

To explore the occurrence phases and enrichment mechanism of rare earth elements(REEs)in cobalt-rich crusts,this study analyzes the mineral composition and REE contents of the samples from marcus-wake seamounts by XRD,ICP-OES and *** results show that,(1)the cobalt-rich crusts contain the major crystalline mineral(vernadite),the secondary minerals(quartz,plagioclase and carbonate fluorapatite),and a large amount of amorphous ferric oxyhydroxides(FeOOH).(2)The cobalt-rich crusts contains higher Mn(10.83%to 28.76%)and Fe(6.14%to 18.86%)relative to other elements,and are enriched in REEs,with total REE contents of 1563−3238μg/g and Ce contents of 790−1722μg/*** earth element contents of the old crusts are higher than those of the new ***,the non-phosphatized crusts have positive Ce and negative Y anomalies,and yet the phosphatized crusts have positive Ce and positive Y anomalies,indicating that cobalt-rich crusts is hydrogenetic and REEs mainly come from seawater.(3)Analytical data also show that the occurrence phases of elements in cobalt-rich crusts are closely related to their mineral *** the non-phosphatized crusts,REEs are adsorbed by colloidal particles into the crusts(about 67%of REEs in the Fe oxide phase,and about 17%of REEs in the Mn oxide phase).In contrast,in the phosphatized crusts(affected by the phosphatization),REEs may combine with phosphate to form rare earth phosphate minerals,and about 64%of REEs are enriched in the residual phase containing carbonate fluorapatite,but correspondingly the influence of Fe and Mn oxide phases on REEs enrichment is greatly *** addition,the oxidizing environment of seawater,high marine productivity,phosphatization,and slow growth rate can promote the REE *** study provides a reference for the metallogenesis of cobalt-rich crusts in the Pacific.

关键词： cobalt-rich crusts REEs occurrence phase enrichment mechanism marcus-wake seamounts

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Biomineralization of organic matter in cobalt-rich crusts from the marcus–wake seamounts of the western Pacific Ocean

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2014年第12期33卷 67-74页

作者： ZHAO Jun ZHANG Haisheng WU Guanghai LU Bing PULYAEVA Irina A ZHANG Haifeng PANG Xuehui Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem and Biogeochemistry Second Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration State Scientific Centre Yuzhmorgeologia Gelendzhik 353461 Russia School of Chemistry and Engineering University of Jinan

Organic matter in cobalt-rich crust （CRC） from the marcus-wake seamounts of the western Pacific Ocean, Sample CM1D03, has been analyzed to understand the source, geochemistry and mineralization of organic matter, and the mineralization environment. Biomarkers, includingn-alkanes, isoprenoids, terpanes and sterols, have been detected in various layers of the CRC sample, using gas chromatography （GC） and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS）. The content of organic carbon （OC） and its stable isotope （δ13C）, and the combined features of the biomarkers show that the mineralized organic matter in CM1D03 CRC was mainly derived from microorganisms and lower plankton （e.g., bacteria and algae, respectively） from marine surface water, with some terrestrial higher plant components. The ratio of chloroform bitu-men ＂A＂： OC was high in the CRC, between 10.51 and 20.66, showing significant migration characteristics of n-alkanes. Four mineralization categories of organic matter were recognized based on GC chromatograms ofn-alkane molecules：（1） primitive type （bacteria and algae）, which is characterized by moderately mature ofn-alkanes preserving the original characteristics of the organic matter from microorganisms and lower plankton; （2） microbial degradation type, which is characterized by low contents ofn-alkanes and rising baseline in the chromatogram, with the ＂bulge＂ being the products of organic matter by biodegradation; （3） organic matter migration type, which is characterized by low carbon number ofn-alkanes withnC18 as the main peak carbon, without odd even predominance, and low concentrations of isoprenoids and hydro-carbons with high carbon number; and （4） organic matter hydrothermal type, which is characterized by relatively low concentration of small molecular weightn-alkanes, pristane, and phytane, accompanied by higher concentration ofn-alkanes with carbon number greater thannC18. This study shows that biomarkers can record controlling factors of mineraliz

关键词： ubiomineralization cobalt-rich crust biomarker marcus-wake seamounts

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Variations of calcareous nannofossils of cobalt-rich crusts and geological records at the Eocene-OIigocene transition in western Pacific seamounts

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Science China Earth Sciences 2015年第4期58卷 784-794页

作者： ZHANG HaiSheng HU Ji ZHAO Jun HAN ZhengBing YU PeiSong WU GuangHai LEI Ji Jiang LU Bing Irina A PULYAEVA Second Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem and Biogeochemistry State Oceanic Administration State Scientific Centre Yuzhmorgeologia

Two records of the crust laminae from the marcus-wake seamounts and the Magellan Seamount were biostratigraphically studied. Based on biological imprints of the calcareous nannofossils, the geological ages of the two records were determined, with CM1D03 from the marcus-wake seamounts being of late Paleocene to Pleistocene and CM3D06 from the Magellan Seamount of Late Cretaceous （more than 70.0 Ma）. There are the obvious temporal-spatial differences in the initial formation period and enrichment characteristics of the cobalt-rich crusts of the two seamount chains and differences in the combination and distribution of microfossils in the inner crust layers between the seamounts. These differences are due to the adaptabilities of oceanic species in different environments. Ecological research was carried out in terms of population size of the calcareous nannofossi｜s preserved in the crustal layers to discern the relation of the geological events at the Eocene-Oligocene （E/O） tran- sition. The results show the transitions and recombination of species in the biotic community during the E/O transition obvi- ously corresponded to 25 mm depth in the CM1D03 crust and 58 mm depth in the CM3D06 crust. The changes in biological species and the formation of particular ecological structures indicate the adaptive response of the paleo-biological community in the western Pacific Ocean to the global cold-climate events and the close correlation between the formation of the crust and the global climate change.

关键词： marcus-wake seamounts Magellan Seamount cobalt-rich crust nannofossil E/O geological event

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