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Comprehensive evaluation of the metabolic effects of insect meal from Tenebrio molitor L.in growing pigs by transcriptomics, metabolomics and lipidomics

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2020年第2期11卷 527-544页

作者： Sandra Meyer Denise K.Gessner Maria S.Braune Theresa Friedhoff Erika Most Marcus Höring Gerhard Liebisch Holger Zorn Klaus Eder Robert Ringseis Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutrition Physiology Justus Liebig University GiessenHeinrich-Buff-Ring 26-3235392 GiessenGiessenGermany Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine University Hospital of RegensburgFranz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 1193053 RegensburgGermany Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology Justus Liebig University GiessenHeinrich-Buff-Ring 1735392 GiessenGiessenGermany Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology Winchester Str.235394 GiessenGiessenGermany

Background:The hypothesis was tested that insect meal(IM)as protein source influences intermediary metabolism of growing pigs.To test this,30 male,5-week-old crossbred pigs were randomly assigned to 3 groups of 10 pigs each with similar body weights(BW)and fed isonitrogenous diets either without(CON)or with 5%IM(IM5)or 10%IM(IM10)from Tenebrio molitor L.for 4 weeks and key metabolic tissues(liver,muscle,plasma)were analyzed using omics-techniques.Results:Most performance parameters did not differ across the groups,whereas ileal digestibilities of most amino acids were 6.7 to 15.6%-units lower in IM10 than in CON(P<0.05).Transcriptomics of liver and skeletal muscle revealed a total of 166 and 198,respectively,transcripts differentially expressed between IM10 and CON(P<0.05).Plasma metabolomics revealed higher concentrations of alanine,citrulline,glutamate,proline,serine,tyrosine and valine and a lower concentration of asparagine in IM10 than in CON(P<0.05).Only one out of fourteen quantifiable amino acid metabolites,namely methionine sulfoxide(MetS),in plasma was elevated by 45%and 71%in IM5 and IM10,respectively,compared to CON(P<0.05).Plasma concentrations of both,major carnitine/acylcarnitine species and bile acids were not different across groups.Lipidomics of liver and plasma demonstrated no differences in the concentrations of triacylglycerols,cholesterol and the main phospholipids,lysophospholipids and sphingolipids between groups.The percentages of all individual phosphatidylcholine(PC)and phosphatidylethanolamine(PE)species in the liver showed no differences between groups,except those with 6 double bonds(PC 38:6,PC 40:6,PE 38:6,PE 40:6),which were markedly lower in IM10 than in CON(P<0.05).In line with this,the percentage of C22:6n-3 in hepatic total lipids was lower in IM10 than in the other groups(P<0.05).Conclusions:Comprehensive analyzes of the transcriptome,lipidome and metabolome of key metabolic tissues indicate that partial or complete replacement of a conventional protein source by IM in the die

关键词： Animal nutrition insect meal Lipidome Liver Metabolism Metabolome Pigs Plasma Skeletal muscle Transcriptome

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Evaluation of growth performance,feed efficiency and nutrient digestibility of red hybrid tilapia fed dietary inclusion of black soldier fly larvae(Hermetia illucens)

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2024年第1期9卷 46-51页

作者： Hasniyati Muin Norhidayah Mohd Taufek Aqua-Nutri Biotech Laboratory Institute of Biological SciencesUniversiti MalayaKuala Lumpur50603Malaysia Ladang Mini Institute of Biological SciencesFaculty of ScienceUniversiti MalayaKuala Lumpur50603Malaysia

insects,particularly black soldier fly larvae(BSFM),Hermetia illucens,have been regarded as promising protein and lipid sources in animal feed,including fish.Digestibility is the key factor that affects nutrient utilization,feeding physiology and efficiency.In the present work,the effect of BSFM on the digestibility of red hybrid tilapia(RHT)compared to fish meal(FM)was ultimately unveiled.A 56-day growth trial was performed with 60 RHT(~30 g)randomly distributed into six tanks and fed two experimental diets containing FM as a reference diet and BSFM as a test diet.In addition,faeces were collected to determine their chromium concentration and proximate composition.The apparent digestibility coefficient(ADC)of dry matter,crude protein and energy in the BSFM diet were observed to be significantly higher than those in the FM diet.Besides,the growth performance of fish fed with the BSFM diet exhibited significantly higher(P<0.05)weight gain,specific growth rate,protein efficiency ratio and lower feed conversion ratio than those in the FM group.This study shows that the BSFM feed was well digested by tilapia and improved its growth performance.

关键词： insect meal Black soldier fly larvae Red hybrid tilapia Digestibility Hermetia illucens

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Effects of full replacement of dietary fishmeal with insect meal from Tenebrio molitor on rainbow trout gut and skin microbiota

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第3期12卷 1042-1055页

作者： Genciana Terova Elisabetta Gini Laura Gasco Federico Moroni Micaela Antonini Simona Rimoldi Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences University of InsubriaVia J.H.Dunant321100 VareseItaly Department of Agricultural Forest and Food SciencesUniversity of TurinLargo P.Braccini 2-10095 GrugliascoTorinoItaly

Background:Aquaculture must continue to reduce dependence on fishmeal(FM)and fishoil in feeds to ensure sustainable sector growth.Therefore,the use of novel aquaculture feed ingredients is growing.In this regard,insects can represent a new world of sustainable and protein-rich ingredients for farmed fish feeds.Accordingly,we investigated the effects of full replacement of FM with Tenebrio molitor(TM)larvae meal in the diet of rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss)on fish gut and skin microbiota.Methods:A feeding trial was conducted with 126 trout of about 80 g mean initial weight that were fed for 22 weeks with two isonitrogenous,isolipidic,and isoenergetic extruded experimental diets.Partially defatted TM meal was included in one of the diets to replace 100%(TM 100)of FM,whereas the other diet(TM 0)was without TM.To analyse the microbial communities,the Illumina MiSeq platform for sequencing of 16S rRNA gene and Qiime pipeline were used to identify bacteria in the gut and skin mucosa,and in the diets.Results:The data showed no major effects of full FM substitution with TM meal on bacterial species richness and diversity in both,gut mucosa-and skin mucus-associated microbiome.Skin microbiome was dominated by phylum Proteobacteria and especially by Gammaproteobacteria class that constituted approximately half of the bacterial taxa found.The two dietary fish groups did not display distinctive features,except for a decrease in the relative abundance of Deefgea genus(family Neisseriaceae)in trout fed with insect meal.The metagenomic analysis of the gut mucosa indicated that Tenericutes was the most abundant phylum,regardless of the diet.Specifically,within this phylum,the Mollicutes,mainly represented by Mycoplasmataceae family,were the dominant class.However,we observed only a weak dietary modulation of intestinal bacterial communities.The only changes due to full FM replacement with TM meal were a decreased number of Proteobacteria and a reduced number of taxa assigned to Ruminococcaceae and Neisseriaceae families.Conc

关键词： Aquaculture Circular economy Gut microbiome insect meal Metagenome Next-generation sequencing Rainbow trout Skin microbiome Tenebrio molitor

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Defatted black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) in pikeperch (Sander lucioperca) diets: Effects on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, fillet quality, economic and environmental sustainability

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Animal Nutrition 2023年第1期12卷 7-19页

作者： Vlastimil Stejskal Hung Quang Tran Markéta Prokesová Mahyar Zare Tatyana Gebauer Tomas Policar Christian Caimi Francesco Gai Laura Gasco University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of WatersSouth Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of HydrocenosesHusova tr.458/10237005 CeskéBudějoviceCzech Republic University of Torino Department of AgriculturalForest and Food SciencesLargo P.Braccini 210095 GrugliascoItaly National Research Council Institute of Sciences of Food ProductionLargo P.Braccini 210095 GrugliascoItaly

The use of insect meal in aquafeed formulations has recently gained attention.Detailed knowledge about the inclusion levels for pikeperch(Sander lucioperca),a promising candidate for intensive aquaculture in Europe remains,however,fragmented.In the present study,4 isoproteic(45%dry matter)and isoenergetic(21 MJ/kg)diets were formulated,including a control diet(H0)containing 30%fishmeal(FM)on an as-fed basis and the other 3 diets in which FM protein was replaced by defatted black soldier fly(Hemetia illucens)meal(HIM)at 25%,50%,and 100%(diet abbreviation H9,H18 and H36,corresponding to an inclusion level of 9%,18%and 36%,respectively).The feeding trial was performed in triplicate groups of 50 juvenile pikeperch(mean weight,68.7 g)fed with experimental diets for 84 d during which the growth performance,nutrient digestibility,fillet quality and economic and environmental sustainability of rearing pikeperch were evaluated.Our findings indicated that pikeperch in H0,H9,and H18 groups displayed better results regarding growth performance indices,except for survival rate where no significant difference among groups was recorded(P?0.642).A significantly lower organ-somatic index,including hepatosomatic,viscerosomatic and perivisceral fat index,was found in fish in H18 groups than other groups(P0.05)but did reduce total n-3 fatty acids(P?0.001)and increased total n-6(P<0.001).Increasing inclusion levels of HIM reduced the environmental impacts associated with fish in-to-fish out ratio but entailed heavy burdens on energy use and eutrophication.Low and moderate in

关键词： Alternative feed Digestibility Fish in-to-fish out ratio insect meal Percids Sustainability

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Black soldier fly and gut health in broiler chickens:insights into the relationship between cecal microbiota and intestinal mucin composition

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2020年第3期11卷 841-852页

作者： Ilaria Biasato Ilario Ferrocino Sihem Dabbou Rocchina Evangelista Francesco Gai Laura Gasco Luca Cocolin Maria Teresa Capucchio Achille Schiavone Department of Agricultural Forest and Food SciencesUniversity of TurinLargo Paolo Braccini 210095 GrugliascoTOItaly Department of Veterinary Sciences University of TurinLargo Paolo Braccini 210095 GrugliascoTOItaly Institute of Science of Food Production National Research CouncilLargo Paolo Braccini 210095 GrugliascoTOItaly

Background:The relationship between diet and intestinal microbiota and mucin composition appears to be fundamental for poultry gut health.The effects of insect meal(whose role as alternative feed ingredient is now well recognized)on gut microbiota and mucin composition have recently been reported in Tenebrio molitor-fed free-range and broiler chickens,but no data are currently available for Hermetia illucens(HI)-fed broilers.The present study evaluated the effects of dietary HI meal inclusion on cecal microbiota and intestinal mucin composition of broiler chickens.Results:A total of 256 male broiler chickens were allotted to 4 dietary treatments(control diet[C]and 5%,10%and 15%HI meal inclusion,with 8 replicate pens/treatment and 8 birds/pen)and slaughtered at 35 d of age(2 animals/pen,16 birds/diet).The cecal microbiota assessment by 16S rRNA amplicon based sequencing showed lower alpha diversity in HI15 chickens(Shannon,Pmeal utilization at low inclusion levels(i.e.,5%)positively influenced either the cecal microbiota or the gut mucin dynamics in terms of selection of potentially beneficial bacteria and increase in villi mucins.However,high inclusion levels(in particular the 15%)may have a negative influenc

关键词： 16S rRNA Gut health Hermetia illucens L. Histochemistry insect meal Microbiota Mucin Poultry

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Effects of dietary Hermetia illucens meal inclusion on cecal microbiota and small intestinal mucin dynamics and infiltration with immune cells of weaned piglets

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2020年第4期11卷 1089-1099页

作者： Ilaria Biasato Ilario Ferrocino Elena Colombino Francesco Gai Achille Schiavone Luca Cocolin Valeria Vincenti Maria Teresa Capucchio Laura Gasco Department of Agricultural Forest and Food SciencesUniversity of TurinLargo Paolo Braccini 210095 GrugliascoTOItaly Department of Veterinary Sciences University of TurinLargo Paolo Braccini 210095 GrugliascoTOItaly Institute of Science of Food Production National Research CouncilLargo Paolo Braccini 210095 GrugliascoTOItaly.

Background: The constant interaction between diet and intestinal barrier has a crucial role in determining gut health in pigs. Hermetia illucens(HI) meal(that represents a promising, alternative feed ingredient for production animals) has recently been demonstrated to influence colonic microbiota, bacterial metabolite profile and mucosal immune status of pigs, but no data about modulation of gut mucin dynamics are currently available. The present study evaluated the effects of dietary HI meal inclusion on the small intestinal mucin composition of piglets, as well as providing insights into the cecal microbiota and the mucosal infiltration with immune cells.Results: A total of 48 weaned piglets were randomly allotted to 3 dietary treatments(control diet [C] and 5% or10% HI meal inclusion [HI5 and HI10], with 4 replicate boxes/treatment and 4 animals/box) and slaughtered after61 days of trial(3 animals/box, 12 piglets/diet). The cecal microbiota assessment by 16 S r RNA amplicon based sequencing showed higher beta diversity in the piglets fed the HI-based diets than the C(P meal utilization positively influenced the cecal microbiota and the small intestinal mucin dynamics of the piglets in terms of selection of potentially beneficial bacteria and preservation of mature mucin secretory architecture, withou

关键词： 16S rRNA Gut health Hermetia illucens L. Histology insect meal Microbiota Mucin Pig

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