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Bl.ck sol.ier fl. and gut heal.h in broil.r chickens:insights into the rel.tionship between cecal.microbiota and intestinal.mucin composition

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Journal.of Animal.Science and Biotechnol.gy 2020年第3期11卷 841-852页

作者： Il.ria Biasato Il.rio Ferrocino Sihem Dabbou Rocchina Evangel.sta Francesco Gai l.ura Gasco l.ca Cocol.n Maria Teresa Capucchio Achil.e Schiavone Department of Agricul.ural Forest and Food SciencesUniversity of TurinLargo Paolo Braccini 210095 GrugliascoTOItaly Department of Veterinary Sciences University of TurinLargo Paolo Braccini 210095 GrugliascoTOItaly Institute of Science of Food Production National Research CouncilLargo Paolo Braccini 210095 GrugliascoTOItaly

Background:The rel.tionship between diet and intestinal.microbiota and mucin composition appears to be fundamental.for poul.ry gut *** effects of insect meal.whose rol. as al.ernative feed ingredient is now wel. recognized)on gut microbiota and mucin composition have recentl. been reported in Tenebrio mol.tor-fed free-range and broil.r chickens,but no data are currentl. avail.bl. for hermetia illucens(HI)-fed *** present study eval.ated the effects of dietary HI meal.incl.sion on cecal.microbiota and intestinal.mucin composition of broil.r ***:A total.of 256 mal. broil.r chickens were al.otted to 4 dietary treatments(control.diet[C]and 5%,10%and 15%HI meal.incl.sion,with 8 repl.cate pens/treatment and 8 birds/pen)and sl.ughtered at 35 d of age(2 animal./pen,16 birds/diet).The cecal.microbiota assessment by 16S rRNA ampl.con based sequencing showed l.wer al.ha diversity in HI15 chickens(Shannon,Pl.yed significant increase of the rel.tive abundance of Proteobacteria phyl.m(Fal.e Discovery Rate[FDR]l.Ruminococcus(Ruminococcus from l.chnospiraceae famil.),Faecal.bacterium,Bl.utia and Cl.stridium genera were found to be characteristic of HI5 cecal.microbiota(FDRl. broil.r chickens fed HI10 and HI15 diets were characterized(FDRl.ctobacil.us and Ruminococcus(HI10)and Bacteroides,Roseburia and Hel.cobacter genera(HI15).Periodic-acid Schiff,Al.ian Bl.e pH 2.5 and high iron diamine staining on smal. and l.rge intestine al.o demonstrated l.wer mucin staining intensity in the intestinal.vil.i of HI10 and HI15 birds than C(Pl.sions:Dietary HI meal.util.zation at l.w incl.sion l.vel.(i.e.,5%)positivel. infl.enced either the cecal.microbiota or the gut mucin dynamics in terms of sel.ction of potential.y beneficial.bacteria and increase in vil.i ***,high incl.sion l.vel.(in

关键词： 16S rRNA Gut heal.h hermetia illucens l. Histochemistry Insect meal Microbiota Mucin Poul.ry

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Preparation and efficacy eval.ation of Paenibacil.us pol.myxa KM2501-1 microbial.organic fertil.zer against root-knot nematodes

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Journal.of Integrative Agricul.ure 2022年第2期21卷 542-551页

作者： CHENG Wan-l. ZENG l. YANG Xue HUANG Dian YU Hao CHEN Wen CAI Min-min ZHENG l.ng-yu YU Zi-niu ZHANG Ji-bin State Key l.boratory of Agricul.ural.Microbiol.gy/National.Engineering Research Center of Microbial.Pesticides/Col.ege of l.fe Science and Technol.gy Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070P.R.China

Root-knot nematodes(RKNs) cause huge yiel. l.sses to agricul.ural.crops worl.wide. Meanwhil., l.vestock manure is often improperl. managed by farmers, which l.ads to serious environmental.pol.ution. To resol.e these two probl.ms, this study devel.ped a procedure for the conversion of chicken manure to organic fertil.zer by l.rvae of hermetia illucens l. and Bacil.us subtil.s BSF-Cl. Chicken manure organic fertil.zer was then mixed thoroughl. with Paenibacil.us pol.myxa KM2501-1 to a final.concentration of 1.5×10^(8)CFU g^(-1). The efficacy of KM2501-1 microbial.organic fertil.zer in control.ing root-knot nematodes was eval.ated in pot and fiel. experiments. In pot experiments, appl.ing KM2501-1 microbial.organic fertil.zer either as a base fertil.zer or as a fumigant at the dose of 40 g/pot suppressed root-knot disease by 61.76 and 69.05% compared to the corresponding control.treatments, respectivel.. When appl.ed as a fumigant at the dose of 1 kg m;in fiel. experiments, KM2501-1 microbial.organic fertil.zer enhanced the growth of tomato pl.nts, suppressed root-knot disease by 49.97%, and reduced second stage juvenil.s of RKN in soil.by 88.68%. KM2501-1 microbial.organic fertil.zer control.ed RKNs better than commercial.bio-organic fertil.zer in both pot and fiel. experiments. These resul.s demonstrate that this co-conversion process efficientl. transforms chicken manure into high val.e-added l.rvae biomass and KM2501-1 microbial.organic fertil.zer with potential.appl.cation as a novel.nematode control.agent.

关键词： chicken manure hermetia illucens l. microbial.organic fertil.zer root-knot nematode fiel. experiment

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Effects of dietary hermetia illucens meal.incl.sion on cecal.microbiota and smal. intestinal.mucin dynamics and infil.ration with immune cel.s of weaned pigl.ts

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Journal.of Animal.Science and Biotechnol.gy 2020年第4期11卷 1089-1099页

作者： Il.ria Biasato Il.rio Ferrocino El.na Col.mbino Francesco Gai Achil.e Schiavone l.ca Cocol.n Val.ria Vincenti Maria Teresa Capucchio l.ura Gasco Department of Agricul.ural Forest and Food SciencesUniversity of TurinLargo Paolo Braccini 210095 GrugliascoTOItaly Department of Veterinary Sciences University of TurinLargo Paolo Braccini 210095 GrugliascoTOItaly Institute of Science of Food Production National Research CouncilLargo Paolo Braccini 210095 GrugliascoTOItaly.

Background: The constant interaction between diet and intestinal.barrier has a crucial.rol. in determining gut heal.h in pigs. hermetia illucens(HI) meal.that represents a promising, al.ernative feed ingredient for production animal.) has recentl. been demonstrated to infl.ence col.nic microbiota, bacterial.metabol.te profil. and mucosal.immune status of pigs, but no data about modul.tion of gut mucin dynamics are currentl. avail.bl.. The present study eval.ated the effects of dietary HI meal.incl.sion on the smal. intestinal.mucin composition of pigl.ts, as wel. as providing insights into the cecal.microbiota and the mucosal.infil.ration with immune ***: A total.of 48 weaned pigl.ts were randoml. al.otted to 3 dietary treatments(control.diet [C] and 5% or10% HI meal.incl.sion [HI5 and HI10], with 4 repl.cate boxes/treatment and 4 animal./box) and sl.ughtered after61 days of trial.3 animal./box, 12 pigl.ts/diet). The cecal.microbiota assessment by 16 S r RNA ampl.con based sequencing showed higher beta diversity in the pigl.ts fed the HI-based diets than the C(P l. showed increased abundance of Bl.utia, Chl.mydia, Coprococcus, Eubacterium, Prevotel.a,Roseburia, uncl.ssified members of Ruminococcaceae, Ruminococcus and Staphyl.coccus when compared to the C group(FDR l.ts fed the HI-based diets showed greater neutral.mucin percentage than the C(P l.neutral.mucins of the HI-fed animal. being al.o higher than the sial.mucins and the sul.omucins found in the gut of the C group(P l.ts fed the HI-based diets displ.yed l.wer histol.gical.scores in the jejunum than the other gut segments(il.um [HI5] or il.um and duodenum [HI10], P l.sions: Dietary HI meal.util.zation positivel. infl.enced the cecal.microbiota and the smal. intestinal.mucin dynamics of the pigl.ts in terms of sel.ction of potential.y beneficial.bacteria and preservatio

关键词： 16S rRNA Gut heal.h hermetia illucens l. Histol.gy Insect meal Microbiota Mucin Pig

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