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Prevalence of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli among Adult Male Patients 40 Years and above with haematuria and Impaired Kidney Attending General Hospitals in Benue State

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Advances in Microbiology 2023年第12期13卷 588-601页

作者： Cornelius Iwodi Grace M. Gberikon Innocent Okonkwo Ogbonna Emmanuel O. Agada Department of Microbiology College of Biological Sciences Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University Makurdi Nigeria

haematuria is the presence of red blood cells in urine. It is most often caused by urinary tract infections of which Escherichia coli is frequently implicated. Impairment of kidney functions could occur as a result of infection or other complications of the kidney. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of uropathogenic Escherichia coli among adult male patients with haematuria and impaired kidneys attending a general hospital in Benue state. Three hundred and sixty-eight (368) samples of urine were collected from 368 male patients (≥ 40 years) attending the 23 general hospitals in Benue state. Each of the urine samples was divided into two parts for haematuria and isolation and identification of Escherichia coli. Blood samples (368) were also collected from the patients and used for quantitative determination of creatinine and estimation of glomerular filtration rate. The presence of haematuria was 45.1% and ranges from 12.5% to 100%. Prevalence of haematuria with respect to age shows that patients within the age group of 90 - 99 years had the highest rate (100%) and the least were those within the ages of 40 - 49 years (20.0%). Isolation rate of uropathogenic Escherichia coli was 16.3% and ranged from 6.3 to 37.5%. Patients within the age group of 90 - 99 years had the highest elevated impaired renal function of 4 (80%), followed by patients within the ages of 80 - 89 years [17 (77.3%)] and the lowest were those within the ages of 40 - 49 [6 (10.0%)]. The overall presence of haematuria in the patients was high (45.1%) with similar high Escherichia coli isolation rate and impaired renal function which could mean that acute or chronic kidney disease may set in.

关键词： Uropathogens haematuria Escherichia coli General Hospital Impaired Kidney Function

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Pathogenesis of glomerular haematuria

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World Journal of Nephrology 2015年第2期4卷 185-195页

作者： Claudia Yuste Eduardo Gutierrez Angel Manuel Sevillano Alfonso Rubio-Navarro Juan Manuel Amaro-Villalobos Alberto Ortiz Jesus Egido Manuel Praga Juan Antonio Moreno Department of Nephrology Gregorio Mara?on Hospital Department of Nephrology Renal Vascular and Diabetes Research LabⅡS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz Autonoma University (UAM) Renal Vascular and Diabetes Research LabⅡS-Fundación Jiménez DíazAutonoma University (UAM)

haematuria was known as a benign hallmark of some glomerular diseases, but over the last decade, new evidences pointed its negative implications on kidneydisease progression. Cytotoxic effects of oxidative stress induced by hemoglobin, heme, or iron released from red blood cells may account for the tubular injury observed in human biopsy specimens. However, the precise mechanisms responsible for haematuria remain unclear. The presence of red blood cells （RBCs） with irregular contours and shape in the urine indicates RBCs egression from the glomerular capillary into the urinary space. Therefore glomerular haematuria may be a marker of glomerular filtration barrier dysfunction or damage. In this review we describe some key issues regarding epidemiology and pathogenesis of haematuric diseases as well as their renal morphological fndings.

关键词： haematuria Pathogenesis Glomerular filtration barrier Dysmorphic red blood cells Chronic kidney disease Microscopic haematuria

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The Role of Dutasteride in Acute Prostatic haematuria

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2017年第11期8卷 595-603页

作者： Vitalis Obisike Ofuru Christopher Chinedu Obiorah Division of Urology Department of Surgery University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital Port Harcourt Nigeria Department of Anatomical Pathology University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital Port Harcourt Nigeria

Background: Dutasteride has been found to reduce chronic prostatic bleeding and when taken 2 - 6 weeks preoperatively reduces bleeding during transurethral prostate resection. The aim of this study is to determine if the drug will be effective in the control of acute gross prostatic haematuria. Patients and Method: 87 Consecutive patients with gross haematuria were enrolled. Clotting Profile, Cystoscopy and Intravenous Urography were done to exclude haematuria from medical, renal and bladder causes. Patients suspected to have prostatic haematuria were further evaluated using serum Prostate specific antigen (PSA) and Prostate scan. Those with elevated PSA ≥ 10 ng/ml and abnormal digital rectal examination (DRE) finding had prostate biopsy. The patients were randomly divided into 2 treatment groups. The control group had Normal saline irrigation and broad spectrum antibiotics while the second group received 0.5 mg oral dutasteride in addition. The time taken and volume of irrigation fluid used before haematuria stopped were noted. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 20.0. Result: 75 patients had haematuria of prostatic origin. 49 (65.3%) of these had benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and 26 (34.7%) had cancer of prostate. 25(51%) of the 49 patients with BPH had Normal saline irrigation and antibiotics while 24 (49%) had oral dutasteride in addition. 14 (53.8%) of the prostate cancer patients had Normal saline irrigation and antibiotics while 12 (46.2%) had dutasteride in addition. haematuria resolved in significantly shorter length of time using lesser volume of irrigation fluid in those treated with dutasteride than in those on control arm. Conclusion: Addition of 0.5 mg oral dutasteride daily leads to early resolution of acute prostatic haematuria.

关键词： Dutasteride Acute Prostatic haematuria

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Surgical haematuria: An Analysis of Causes in a Southern Nigerian State

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Open Journal of Urology 2022年第7期12卷 401-409页

作者： Vitalis Obisike Ofuru Victor Abhulimen Department of Surgery University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital Port Harcourt Nigeria

Background: Surgical haematuria is not very common but ominous when it occurs. Knowledge of the causes will help in the adequate management of the disease. Aim: To evaluate the causes of surgical haematuria in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Materials and Method: This is 10 years retrospective study of patients who presented at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital and 4 other private urology centres in Port Harcourt with haematuria of surgical aetiology between January 2012 and December 2021. Their history, examination findings and investigations were evaluated. Patients with medical haematuria and incomplete records were excluded from the study. Results: Three hundred and forty-six patients were evaluated. The mean age was 58.12 ± 5.1. Two hundred and sixty-four (76.3%) were men and eighty-two (23.7%) were females. The three commonest causes of haematuria were Benign prostatic enlargement, prostate cancer and urolithiasis with a frequency of 126 (36.41%), 66 (19.08%) and 40 (11.56%) respectively. The cause of haematuria was benign in 232 (67.06%) subjects and malignant in 114 (32.94%). Conclusion: The commonest causes of haematuria are of prostatic origin, mainly benign although malignancy is a significant cause.

关键词： haematuria Surgical Benign Prostatic Enlargement Prostate Cancer

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Haemangiomas in the urinary bladder:Two case reports

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2021年第16期9卷 3927-3935页

作者： Gui-Cheng Zhao Chang-Xing Ke Department of Urology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical UniversityKunming 650101Yunnan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Urinary bladder haemangioma is a benign nonurothelial tumour that rarely occurs in paediatric and adolescent *** and radiological examinations are not adequate for an accurate *** purpose of this serial case report is to raise awareness of urinary bladder haemangioma and appropriate *** SUMMARY We described two rare cases of urinary bladder haemangioma that were confirmed by histopathology followed by immunohistochemistry and reviewed the literature on the diagnosis and treatment of patients with this *** radical cystectomy was performed with open method surgery associated with an abdominal wall ostomy of the ileal outlet tract for case *** 2 underwent a laparoscopic partial *** pathology confirmed the diagnosis of urinary bladder *** resolved postoperatively,and there was no evidence of tumour recurrence in 3 years follow-up for case *** urinary and pelvic ultrasonography showed no signs of recurrence in 3 mo follow-up for case *** Careful histopathological and immunohistochemical studies are required to establish the correct *** is no“gold standard”treatment for urinary bladder haemangioma,and treatment options are varied for individuals with favourable follow-ups.

关键词： haematuria Haemangioma Urinary bladder Case report

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The role of radiotherapy in metastatic bladder cancer

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Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2022年第1期8卷 553-563页

作者： Jananie Perera Peter Hoskin Mount Vernon Cancer Centre Rickmansworth RoadNorthwoodMiddlesex HA62RNUK Division of Cancer Sciences University of ManchesterManchester M204GJUK

The management of metastatic bladder cancer is *** outcomes are achieved in those who are fit enough for systemic *** place of radiotherapy in these patients is mainly for symptom control,in particular ***,a small proportion,especially those with oligometastases,will benefit from more radical *** this review,we look at the evidence currently available for radiotherapy in this setting.

关键词： Bladder cancer radiotherapy oligo metastases haematuria bone metastases brain metastases

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A case of giant prostatic hyperplasia

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Asian Journal of Urology 2016年第1期3卷 53-55页

作者： Luke Wang Paul Davis Kevin McMillan Department of Urology Eastern HealthNelson StBox HillVictoriaAustralia Monash University Eastern Health Clinical SchoolArnold StBox HillVictoriaAustralia

Benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH)is one of the most common conditions experienced by aging males and a frequent cause of bladder outlet obstruction and macroscopic *** prostatic hyperplasia(GPH)is an extremely rare form of prostatic *** present a case of a patient with GPH of 800 *** our knowledge,this is the fourth largest prostatic hyperplasia ever reported in the literature.

关键词： Prostate Prostatic hyperplasia Urology haematuria Indwelling catheters

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Renal biopsy:Still a landmark for the nephrologist

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World Journal of Nephrology 2016年第4期5卷 321-327页

作者： Luca Visconti Valeria Cernaro Carlo Alberto Ricciardi Viviana Lacava Vincenzo Pellicanò Antonio Lacquaniti Michele Buemi Domenico Santoro Unit of Nephrology and Dialysis University of Messina

Renal biopsy was performed for the first time more than one century ago, but its clinical use was routinely introduced in the 1950s. It is still an essential tool for diagnosis and choice of treatment of several primary or secondary kidney diseases. Moreover, it may help to know the expected time of end stage renal disease. The indications are represented by nephritic and/or nephrotic syndrome and rapidly progressive acute renal failure of unknown origin. Nowadays, it is performed mainly by nephrologists and radiologists using a 14-18 gauges needle with automated spring-loaded biopsy device, under real-time ultrasound guidance. Bleeding is the major primary complication that in rare cases may lead to retroperitoneal haemorrhage and need for surgical intervention and/or death. For this reason, careful evaluation of risks and benefts must be taken into account, and all procedures to minimize the risk of complications must be observed. After biopsy, an observation time of 12-24 h is necessary, whilst a prolonged observation may be needed rarely. In some cases it could be safer to use different techniques to reduce the risk of complications, such as laparoscopic or transjugular renal biopsy in patients with coagulopathy or alternative approaches in obese patients. Despite progress in medicine over the years with the introduction of more advanced molecular biology techniques, renal biopsy is still an irreplaceable tool for nephrologists.

关键词： Renal biopsy Acute kidney injury Bleeding haematuria Hematoma Chronic renal failure

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Urinary Schistosomiasis in Children—Still a Concern in Part of the Ghanaian Capital City

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2013年第3期3卷 151-158页

作者： Patience B. Tetteh-Quarcoo Simon K. Attah Eric S. Donkor Marian Nyako Andrew A. Minamor Emmanuel Afutu Edward T. Hervie Patrick F. Ayeh-Kumi Department of Biochemistry Cell and Molecular Biology University of Ghana Accra Ghana Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences University of Ghana School of Allied Health Sciences Accra Ghana Department of Microbiology University of Ghana Medical School Accra Ghana Department of Science Laboratory Technology Accra Polytechnic Accra Ghana Neglected Tropical Disease Program Disease Control & Prevention Department Ghana Health Service Accra Ghana

Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease of the tropics which is estimated to affect up to 300 million people worldwide. While it is being successfully controlled in many countries, it remains a major public health problem, especially in developing countries including Ghana. Extensive work on schistosomiasis has been undertaken along theVoltaRiverbasin, leaving very little data and information on this infection in the urban and peri-urban areas inGhana. This study was aimed at determining the urinary schistosomiasis burden among children of school going age within Zenu, a suburb of the capital city. Urine samples were taken from 274 school children within the Zenu community and examined with urine chemistry dipsticks for detection and confirmation of haematuria, followed by microscopy for detection of Schistosoma haematobium ova. Prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis was 30.7% (95% CI: 25.2-36.2). 44 (52%) of the positive samples were collected from males whiles 40 (48%) were collected from females, but prevalence of the infection was not significantly associated with gender (χ2 = 0.041, DF = 1, P-Value = 0.839). Among the S. haematobium positive children, haematuria was detected by the dipstick in 88.1% (74/84, 95% CI: 81.2- 95.0), but it was not detected in 11.9% (10/84, 95% CI: 5.0-18.8). Meanwhile, the dipstick detected haematuria in 7.3% (20/274, 95% CI: 4.3-7.3) of the total population but microscopy could not detect the presence of Schistosoma ova in those children. An association was found between Schistosoma infection and haematuria detected by dipstick (χ2 = 84.715, DF = 1,

关键词： Schistosomiasis haematuria Schistosoma haematobium Accra

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Urinary Schistosomiasis Prevalence and Diagnostic Performance of Reagent Strip at Point-of-Care

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2023年第4期11卷 239-251页

作者： Joseph O. Sunday Opeyemi G. Oso Abdulkareem O. Babamale Samuel U. Ugbomoiko Parasitology Unit Department of Zoology Kwara State University Malete Nigeria Parasitology Unit Department of Zoology University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Parasitology Unit Department of Zoology University of Ilorin Ilorin Nigeria

Due to limited resources and experience, rapid diagnostic techniques are advocated in nations with a resource shortage when diagnosing schistosomiasis. We used rapid diagnostic tests to access the prevalence and intensity of schistosome infection in North Central, Nigeria. A total of 1951 participants were recruited for this study. The participants were screened for S. haematobium infection;haematuria and proteinuria were monitored in the recruited patients with a commercial reagent strip. Of the 1951 participants recruited for the study, 587 were found to be infected. Children aged 0 to 10 years showed the highest levels of haematuria with (100%) specificity. Meanwhile, other age groups (11 - 20, 21 - 30, 31 - 40 and above 40 years) had rates higher than 90%. The degree of haematuria increased with egg intensity. The same was seen in proteinuria, with a percentage of 41.9%. A significant difference (p S. haematobium in rural endemic areas.

关键词： S. haematobium haematuria Proteinuria Prevalence Urine Analysis

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