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The History of Habits:A Critical Unknown in the History of Chinese Medicine

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Chinese Medicine and Culture 2023年第3期6卷 297-300页

作者： Shigehisa Kuriyama Edwin O.Reischauer Institute of Japanese Studies Center for Government and International Studies(CGIS)Harvard UniversityCambridge 02138USA

This essay articulates a new conceptual distinction-that between repertories and Habits-and urges that the history of Habits is the most critical unknown in the study of Chinese medical history.

关键词： Habits Repertories Traditional Chinese medicine Unsolved problems

Growth and feeding Habits of invasive Pseudorasbora parva in the Chabalang Wetland(Lhasa,China) and its trophic impacts on native fish

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2019年第2期37卷 628-639页

作者： DING Huiping GU Xiaohong ZHANG Zhiming HUO Bin LI Dapeng XIE Congxin State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment Nanjing Institute of Geography & Limnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China College of Fisheries Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070 China Institute of Hydroecology MWR & CAS Wuhan 430070 China Key Laboratory of Ecological Impacts of Hydraulic-Projects and Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystem Ministry of Water Resources Wuhan 430070 China

In recent years, fish invasion has become one of the main reasons for the decline of native fish stocks. Pseudorasbora parva is considered one of the major invasive species worldwide. The present study investigated the fish resources of the Chabalang Wetland (Lhasa, Tibet) during diff erent seasons in 2009 and 2013. Four hundred and twelve individuals were subsampled to estimate age, growth, and feeding habit of P . parva . Furthermore, food relationships between P . parva and the native Schizothoracinae fish were also examined. The results revealed a significant shift in species composition and community structure characterized by the disappearance of native fish and outbreak of non-native fish. The percentage of nonnative P . parva in the fish collections significantly increased from 33.64% in 2009 to 64.08% in 2013. The standard length (SL) ranged from 22.00 to 78.71 mm, and their age was 1–5 a. The von Bertalanff y function was used to model the observed length-at-age data as L t =112.19(1–e^-0.1495 ( t +0.8012)) for females and as L t =123.12 (1–e^-0.1500 ( t +0.7132)) for males. The results indicated that P . parva in Tibet has lower growth and mortality rates compared with that from the native ranges. Ninety-seven prey taxa belonging to 9 prey categories were identified in the gut of 38 P . parva . P . parva can be considered a generalized and opportunistic predator, competing with the native fish, especially Schizothorax o’connori , Schizopygopsis younghusbandi younghusbandi , and Ptychobarbus dipogon , for Bacillariophyta and Chironomid larvae. This is an important reason for the decline in native fish population.

关键词： Pseudorasbora parva growth feeding Habits Schizothoracinae fish biological invasion

Dietary Habits of colorectal neoplasia patients in comparison to their first-degree relatives

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第17期20卷 5025-5030页

作者： Ivana Mikoviny Kajzrlikova Petr Vitek Josef Chalupa Petr Dite Beskydy Gastrocentre Department of Internal MedicineHospital Frydek-Mistek73818 Frydek-MistekCzech Republic Center of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of OstravaFaculty of Medicine70852 OstravaCzech Republic

AIM:To compare the dietary Habits between colorectal neoplasia patients,their first-degree relatives,and unrelated controls.METHODS:From July 2008 to April 2011,we collected epidemiological data relevant to colorectal cancer from patients with colorectal neoplasias,their first-degree relatives,and also from a control group consisting of people referred for colonoscopy with a negative family history of colorectal cancer and without evidence of neoplasia after colonoscopic examination.The first-degree relatives were divided into two groups following the colonoscopic examination:(1)patients with neoplasia or(2)patients without neoplasia.Dietary Habits of all groups were compared.Aχ2 test was used to assess the association between two dichotomous categorical variables.RESULTS:The study groups consisted of 242 patients with colorectal neoplasias(143 men,99 women;mean age:64±12 years)and 160 first-degree relatives(66men,94 women;mean age:48±11 years).Fifty-five of the first-degree relatives were found to have a neoplastic lesion upon colonoscopy,while the remaining105 were without neoplasia.The control group contained 123 individuals with a negative family history for neoplastic lesions(66 men,57 women;mean age:54±12 years).Two hypotheses were tested.In the first,the dietary Habits of first-degree relatives with neoplasia were more similar to those of patients with neoplasia,while the dietary Habits of first-degree relatives without neoplasia were similar to those of the control group.In the second,no sex-related differences in dietary Habits were expected between the particular groups.Indeed,no significant differences were observed in the dietary Habits between the groups of patients,controls and first-degree relatives with/without neoplastic lesions.Nevertheless,statistically significant sex-related differences were observed in all groups,wherein women had healthier dietary Habits than men.CONCLUSION:In all groups examined,women had healthier dietary Habits than men.Modification of screening guidelines according to s

关键词： Colorectal neoplasms Family Food Habits Risk facto

Observations of Dominant Behaviors and Habits of an Effective Leader

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Observations of Dominant Behaviors and Habits of an Effectiv...

Prognostic value of alcohol consumptionand some other dietary Habits for survival in a cohort of Chinese men with lung cancer

作者： Ron Drew Stone Center for Performance and ROI

Leadership behavior is at the center of organization performance.Organizations dedicate significant resources to develop leaders so that work teams will achieve organization goals.Theories abound about the traits, characteristics and behaviors that make for the best leaders.Since team members and others who work closely with leaders are in a good position to know the answers, I asked these employees what type of leader and which leader behaviors influence them to do the work and stay connected with the organization.The research identified numerous behaviors and Habits that facilitate communication, trust, respect, working relationships, and positive performance.These findings are arranged in two guides, each with an array of behaviors.One guide is for building leadership character and the other is for influencing connection conversations.Both guides are beneficial to leaders as they engage their team to achieve organization goals.A leadership workshop is forthcoming that focuses on applying the guides along with tools for leaders to connect with teams and achieve individual and organization performance goals.

关键词： Connections Respect Trust Leader Behavior Habits Willingness Character Compassion Performance

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2017年第7期36卷 298-305页

作者： Wentao Li Lap Ah Tse Joseph S.K.Au Kai Shing Yu Feng Wang Ignatius Tak-sun Yu JC School of Public Health and Primary Care The Chinese University of Hong Kong4F School of Public Health and Primary CarePrince of Wales Hospital Department of Clinical Oncology Hong Kong Adventist Hospital

Background:Alcohol consumption and some other dietary Habits are thought to be associated with lung cancer incidence.However,the effects of these Habits on lung cancer prognosis have been studied rarely.The purpose of this study was to address these gaps in knowledge.Methods:We studied a cohort of 1052 Chinese men in Hong Kong who were diagnosed with primary lung cancer.Cox proportional hazards models were used to determine the prognostic values of consumption of alcohol,fresh fruits or vegetables,meat,and fried or preserved food.Results:Compared with never drinkers,men who drank alcohol 1-3 days per week had a more favorable lung cancer prognosis(hazard ratio[HR]:0.82,95%confidence interval[CI]0.68-0.97);however,this survival advantage was not significant in men who drank alcohol more frequently(HR:0.91,95%CI 0.73-1.14).Compared with men who consumed preserved or fried food only occasionally,men who consumed these foods frequently had a higher risk of lung cancer mortality(HR:1.20,95%CI 1.00-1.42).Conclusions:Occasional consumption of alcohol was a favorable survival factor for Chinese men with lung cancer.However,this survival benefit did not exist for frequent drinkers of alcohol.Chinese men with lung cancer who were frequent consumers of fried or preserved food had a worse prognosis than those who consumed these foods only occasionally.

关键词： Dietary Habits Alcohol Lung cancer Prognosis Epidemiology

The Benefits of Patients’ Information regarding Dietary Habits before Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A 3- and 6-Month Follow-Up

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2018年第6期8卷 307-318页

作者： Argyriou George Vasilopoulos George Mavrogianni Georgia Toulia Georgia Louka Aikaterini Louka Sofia Karagiannis Anastasios Lazos Gabriel Marvaki Aikaterini Kadda Olga Intensive Care Unit 1st Department of Respiratory Medicine National and Kapodistrian University of Athens “Sotiria” Gen-eral Chest Diseases Hospital Greece Nursing Department Technological Educational Institute of Athens Greece Cardiological Intensive Care Unit “Konstantopoulio” General Hospital of N. Ionias Greece Graduates of Nursing Department Technological Educational Institute of Athens Greece Cardiological Intensive Care Unit Onassis Cardiac Surgery Centre Greece General Hospital of Katerini Greece

Aim: To evaluate the benefits of counseling intervention related to dietary Habits changes on patients following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Materials and Methods: A randomized counseling intervention study, with a 3- and 6-month follow-up was performed on 230 patients who underwent PCI. They were randomly allocated to the intervention (n = 93) or the control group (n = 137). A 3- and 6-month telephone follow-up was performed for dietary Habits evaluation. Data analysis was performed by using the statistical package SPSS, ver. 20.?Results: Compared with control group, intervention group had higher prevalence of hypertension, history of diabetes and dyslipidemias and history of acute myocardial infraction, with no statistical difference. Moreover, patients in control group were more likely to be ex-smokers (p = 0.01). Post hoc tests using the Bonferroni correction revealed that mean TCHOL concentration while patients admitted to hospital differed statistically significantly between the time points of 3 and 6 months (209 ± 67 mg/dl vs 174 ± 34 mg/dl vs 176 ± 36 mg/dl), p= 0.005 and p = 0.042 respectively. However, there was no statistical significant difference between 3 months and 6 months measurements. Mean glucose concentration while patients admitted to hospital differed statistically significantly between the time points of 3 and 6 months (108 ± 40 mg/dl vs 95 ± 21 mg/dl vs 95 ± 23 mg/dl), p =0.009 and p = 0.012 respectively. However, there was no significant statistical difference between 3 months and 6 months measurements, (p = 1.000). Conclusion: A nurse-led program regarding dietary Habits modifications on patients undergoing PCI should be performed along with a long-term follow up after hospital discharge.

关键词： Dietary Habits Intervention MedDietScore Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Patient’s Information

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Good Habits

英语角 2020年第16期 22-23页

每一个小小的习惯都能对生活产生大大的影响。James和Sam对此又有些什么样的新奇见解呢?James:Hi,am I late?Sam:Yes,you're late again!Now there's no food left.I ate the whole pizza while I was waiting for you.

关键词： waiting again Habits

Effects of Food Habits and Lifestyle on Prevalence of Overweight/Obesity among Schoolchildren in Taif Area, KSA

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2017年第2期8卷 196-211页

作者： Fayez Hamam Ahmed Eldalo Mohammad Khaleel Abdullah Alwagdani Ahmed Alqarni Bandr Daghas Msfer Alharthi Huda Alharthy Samah Hassen Abrar Alsofiany Sahar Alotaibie Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology College of Pharmacy Taif University Taif Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology College of Pharmacy Taif University Taif Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Department of Clinical Pharmacy College of Pharmacy Taif University Taif Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Background/Objectives: The Saudi population has experienced significant transformations in their lifestyle which could be attributed to several factors. Aims: This work sought to determine effects of food Habits and lifestyle on prevalence of overweight (OW)/obesity (OB) among schoolchildren in Taif City, KSA. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out using well-designed questionnaire. Pretested questionnaire was randomly distributed among schoolchildren in Taif city. Body mass index and waist circumference were used as tools for assessing nutritional status of schoolchildren. Results: A total of 2027 students filled the questionnaire with a mean age of 15.83 ± 2.18 years. The prevalence of OW and OB was 14.6% and 12.9%, respectively, while the combined one was 27.5%. The combined prevalence of OW and OB was significantly higher among boys than girls (31.9 vs. 21.9). Schoolchildren from high income families had high rate of OW and OB. Smoking, stress, TV viewing, daylight and night sleep had no effects on BMI, while only smoking of a family member and stress had considerable relationship with W_C. Unfortunately, 52.2% of students admitted that they were physically inactive but this effect was insignificant for both indicators. Students skipped breakfasts constitute 18.8% of subjects included but link with BMI and W_C was statistically insignificant. Regular soft or diet drinks had significant effects on BMI. Results showed considerable link between consumption of fruits/vegetables, grains and W_C. Conclusions: The prevalence of combined OW/OB among schoolchildren was 27.5%. Family income, participant’s gender, intake of regular soft or diet drinks had significant effects on BMI. While, stress, smoking of a family member, and uptake of fruits and vegetables showed considerable relationship with W_C.

关键词： Overweight Obesity Body Mass Index Waist Circumference Food Habits Lifestyle

The Impact of Family Relationships on the Smoking Habits of University Students

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2015年第1期5卷 14-22页

作者： Fumihiro Omasu Shiori Uemura Sayaka Yukizane Department of Health and Nutrition Faculty of Health and Nutrition Yamagata Prefectural Yonezawa University of Nutrition Sciences Yamagata Japan Department of School Health Faculty of Education Kumamoto University Kumamoto Japan

Smoking Habits are thought to be strongly impacted by family relationships. In this study, we looked specifically at family relationships with the aim of finding effective anti-smoking education measures. We surveyed 290 university students in order to establish their current smoking Habits, along with their family relationships from primary and junior high school until now. The results showed that students with one or more smokers in their family were clearly more likely to smoke. Furthermore, a poor relationship between the student’s parents and a poor relationship with his/her father are believed to have a causal relationship with the student smoking. In the section in which students were asked how often they were told to study, we found that students who smoked had been instructed to study a significantly higher number of times. It is believed that the stress experienced by students frequently told that they must study during their elementary or junior high school years leads to a tendency to smoke. Among the group of non-smokers, we found many who ate breakfast with their parents during elementary or junior high school, along with many who regularly went on holidays with their families. The lack of these things appears to distance parents from children and may be a factor regarding why children end up smoking. In this study, while no clear correlation was found between family relationships and smoking, several types of family relationships that may lead to smoking were suggested.

关键词： Smoking Habits Family Relationships University Students Elementary and Junior High School Years