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Understanding of Five grains for YANG:a way to straighten Asians’dietary structure

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Food and Health 2024年第3期6卷 18-19页

作者： Jing-Chao Ma Cai-Jie Zhang Wen-Li Zhao Ye Zhao* Intelligent Imaging College He UniversityShenyang 110163China.2 Liver CenterSaga University HospitalSaga University 849-8501Japan.3 Department of Public HealthInternational CollegeKrirk UniversityBangkok 10220Thailand.

According to the general opinion,grains should occupy the largest amount of human food each day,but this grain-based eating habit does not allow human life to be extended.grains are high in carbohydrates and five commonly recognized plant hormones,namely auxin,gibberellin,cytokinin,abscisic acid,and ethylene.Through in-depth analysis of ancient books,it was found that five grains for support:support is a restriction,and it means the essence,which means that grains should be eaten less,and it is the essence of the least daily intake.To correctly understand the Chinese dietary concept of"five grains for support"is the basis for improving Asian dietary health and promoting Asian human health.

关键词： grains Hormones Carbohydrates Eating habits

Eat more natural dietary fiber and whole grains to minimize liver disease risk

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2022年第4期11卷 601-604页

作者： Rachel M.Golonka Beng San Yeoh Matam Vijay-Kumar Department of Physiology and Pharmacology University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life SciencesToledoOHUSA

Nutritional habits in the United States have dramatically changed since the Industrial Revolution in the 18th century.However,not every‘advancement’from then to now has improved human dietary habits and health.This is evident from the rising epidemic of nutritional insufficiencies associated with the increasing prevalence of age-related diseases(1).Work from Dennis Burkett in the late 1960s was one of the first to hypothesize that refinement of grains and removal of dietary fiber could explain the regional dichotomy in disease incidence(2).

关键词： fiber refinement grains

Antioxidant capacity and phytochemical content of 16 sources of corn distillers dried grains with solubles(DDGS)

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Animal Nutrition 2018年第4期4卷 435-441页

作者： Eui-Cheol Shin Gerald C.Shurson Daniel D.Gallaher Department of Food Science and Nutrition University of Minnesota Department of Animal Science University of Minnesota

Corn distillers dried grains with solubles(DDGS) is a co-product of the fuel ethanol industry that is an excellent source of energy, digestible amino acids, and digestible phosphorus. However, the antioxidant capacity and phytochemical content of DDGS and how it is influenced by production parameters is unknown. Therefore, 16 DDGS samples obtained from different ethanol production plants in the U.S.were characterized for antioxidant capacity, vitamin E, xanthophylls, and ferulic acid content and compared with corn. The antioxidant capacity of DDGS samples, measured using the 2,2-diphenyl-lpicrylhydrazyl(DPPH) assay, varied almost 2 folds among samples, but in all cases was more than 3 times that of corn. All DDGS samples had a considerably greater concentration of tocopherols and tocotrienols(lipid-soluble antioxidants) than corn. However, the relative concentrations among the tocopherols and tocotrienols tended to be similar to corn. The xanthophyll lutein was present in all DDGS samples and in all cases exceeded the content in corn. Zeaxanthin was detected in most samples. The total ferulic acid content of the DDGS samples was almost 3-fold greater than corn, but, as in corn, almost all was present in a bound form. However, the concentration of unbound(free) ferulic acid was more than 3 times the concentration found in the corn sample. Thus, DDGS is a rich source of phytochemical compounds and may provide antioxidant and health benefits beyond its macronutrient composition. However, differences in processing can greatly influence the phytochemical content and quality of DDGS. In particular,thermal abuse due to excessive heat used in drying may lead to lipid oxidation products that may have deleterious effects when incorporated into feeds.

关键词： Corn distillers dried grains with solubles Vitamin E Ferulic acid Xanthophylls Lutein Antioxidant capacity

Formation mechanism of large grains inside annealed microstructure of GH4169 superalloy by cellular automation method

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2019年第7期35卷 1403-1411页

作者： Ming-Song Chen Zong-Huai Zou Y.C.Lin Hong-Bin Li Guan-Qiang Wang School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha410083China State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing Changsha410083China College of metallurgies and energy North China Science and Technologies UniversityTangshan063009China

In authors’ previous work [Mater. Charact. 141 (2018) 212-222]. it was found that the heterogeneous deformed microstructures can be replaced by the relatively homogeneous recrystallized grains through an annealing treatment. However, there are still some relatively large recrystallized grains. To find the reasons for the formation of large grains, some new annealing treatment tests were done, and the cellular automation (CA) simulations were carried out in the present work. The experimental results showed that the microstructural evolution during annealing treatment is significantly affected by the content of S phase. So. the effects of δ phase on the nucleation and growth of grains are carefully considered in the CA model to accurately simulate the microstructural evolution behavior. By the CA simulation, it is found that the dislocation density rapidly decreases due to the nucleation of static recrystallization (SRX) and the growth of dynamc recrystallization (DRX) nuclei at the early stage of annealing. The high initial dislocation density provide the high velocity for the growth of DRX nuclei, which is responsible for the formation of coarse grains, However, the growth rate of SRX nuclei is relatively small due to the low dislocation density and pinning effects of δ phase.

关键词： GH4169 superalloy Cellular automation model Coarse grains Annealing treatment Recrystallization behavior

Prediction model for austenite grains growth during reheating process in Ti micro-alloyed cast steel by coupling precipitates dissolution and coarsening behavior

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2019年第2期26卷 162-172页

作者： Tao Liu Mu-jun Long Wen-jie He Deng-fu Chen Zhi-hua Dong Xian-guang Zhang Hua-mei Duan State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control College of Materials Science and EngineeringChongqing UniversityChongqing 400030China Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vanadium-Titanium Metallurgy and New Materials Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400030China Applied Materials Physics.Department of Materials Science and Engineering KTH-Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholm 10044Sweden Institute for Materials Research Tohoku UniversitySendai 980-8577Japan

A combined model to predict austenite grains growth of titanium micro-alloyed as-cast steel during reheating process was established.The model invoIves the behaviors of austenite grains growth in continuous heating process and isothermal soaking process,and the variation of boundary pinning efficiency caused by the dissolution and coarsening kinetics of sec on d-phase particles was also con sidered into the model.Furthermore,the experimental verificatio ns were performed to examine the prediction power of the model.The results revealed that the mean austenite grains size increased with the increase in reheating temperature and soaking time,and the coarsening temperature of austenite grains growth was 1423 K under the current titanium content.In addition,the reliability of the predicted results in continuous heating process was validated by continuous heating experimenls.Moreover,an optimal regression expression of austenite grains growth in isothermal soaking process was obtained based on the experimental results.The compared results indicated that the combined model in conjunction with precipitates dissolution and coarsening kinetics had good reliability and accuracy to predict the austenite grains growth of titanium micro-alloyed casting steel during reheating process.

关键词： Austenite grains growth Reheating process Precipitate dissolution Precipitate coarsening Prediction model

Storage time and condensed tannin content of high-moisture sorghum grains:Effects on in vitro fermentation and mold populations

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Animal Nutrition 2020年第1期6卷 92-97页

作者： Carmen García y Santos Lina Bettucci Sebastián Brambillasca Cecilia Cajarville Laboratorio de Toxicología Facultad de VeterinariaUniversidad de la RepúblicaLasplaces 1550PC 11.600MontevideoUruguay Laboratorio de Micología Facultad de Ciencias-Facultad de IngenieríaUniversidad de la RepúblicaJulio Herrera y Reissig 565PC 11.300MontevideoUruguay Instituto de Producción Animal Facultad de VeterinariaUniversidad de la RepúblicaRuta 1km 42.200PC 80.100San JoseUruguay

Silage of high moisture sorghum grains is a highly relevant source of energy in cattle production systems in South America.There is little information related to the chemical characteristics,the kinetics of fermentation and the toxic fungal populations of these feedstuffs.The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of storage time and condensed tannins content of the grain on chemical composition,in vitro fermentation parameters,and toxicogenic fungal populations of moist sorghum grain stored in silo-bags.Samples of 2 varieties of sorghum grains(high-tannin[HT]and low-tannin[LT]),were obtained during the grain harvest before silage making and after 30,90,and 180 d of storage(n=16).High-tannin grains had higher acid detergent fiber,tannins,gas production(Pgrains.

关键词： Sorghum grains silages Condensed tannins Toxicogenic fungal populations Storage time

Redevelopment of liftoff rates of saltating sand grains based on a simple optimization model

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Science China Earth Sciences 2010年第4期53卷 568-574页

作者： CHENG Hong & ZOU XueYong State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China MOE Engineering Center of Desertification and Blown-sand Control,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disaster of the Ministry of Education of China,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal University Beijing China MOE Engineering Center of Desertification and Blown-sand Control Beijing Normal University Beijing China Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disaster of the Ministry of Education of China Beijing Normal University Beijing China

This paper is a redevelopment result of liftoff rates of saltating sand grains based on our previous work.Aeolian sand flow is a complex multi-phase flow because of a special two-phase gas-solid flow near ground surface.Despite extensive research on the movement of blowing sand,no model fully characterizes aeolian sand flow,and large differences often exist between simulations of aeolian sand movement and field observations.One key problem is a few of sufficient research on liftoff rates of saltating sand grains(also called the number of liftoff sand grains per unit time and per unit bed area).It is necessary to re-search in advance liftoff rates of saltating sand grains.We redeveloped liftoff rates of saltating sand grains by establishing an optimization model based on the flux of aeolian sand flow at different heights of the sampler in wind tunnel and the simulated capture of saltating sand grains by different heights of the sampler that are from different liftoff position(distance from the sampler) in order to revise previous inversion condition of liftoff rates of saltating sand grains.Liftoff rates increased rapidly with increasing wind speed.For frictional wind velocities of u=0.67,0.77,0.82,0.83,and 0.87 m s-1,liftoff rates were 3840,954502,5235114,5499407,and 7696291 sand grain s-1 m-2,respectively.These rates could be expressed as the square of the instantaneous frictional wind velocity and a constant(0.663) that differs from the critical(threshold) frictional wind velocity at which saltation begins.Although our results require additional experimental validation and the simple optimization model must be improved,they nonetheless provide a strong basis for future research.

关键词： liftoff rates of saltating sand grains optimization model wind tunnel two-phase gas-solid flow

Multiple Trajectories of Cereal Consumption and Their Associations with Type 2 Diabetes in Chinese Adults-China,1997-2018

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China CDC weekly 2023年第41期5卷 911-917,I0001-I0004页

作者： Mengran Liu Zhiru Wang Feifei Huang Weiyi Li Zhihong Wang Huijun Wang Gangqiang Ding Department of Education and Training Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina Key Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition of National Health Commission of China National Institute for Nutrition and HealthChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina

Summary What is already known about this topic?Consuming refined grains,specifically white rice,elevates the risk of developing type 2 diabetes(T2D).Conversely,incorporating whole grains into the diet is linked to a reduced risk.What is added by this report?This study employed a novel multi-trajectory modeling technique to account for the intercorrelations among various cereal consumption patterns.

关键词： Diabetes refined grains

The trajectory parameters analysis of saltating sand grains driven by wind

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第18期44卷 1681-1685页

作者： Xueyong Zou Qingzhen Hao Chunlai Zhang Bao Yang Yuzhang Liu Guangrong Dong Shaoxiang Zhou Chinese Acad Sci Desert Res Inst Lanzhou 730000 Peoples R China Univ Sci & Technol China Dept 9 Hefei 230026 Peoples R China

The study of trajectory parameters of saltating sand grains is of great importance to forming the kinematic theory of wind-sand current. By establishing the simplified theoretical pattern and probing into the relationship between lift-off angle (α) and landing angle (β), relationship between the ratio of saltation length ( L) to maximum height (H) and lift-off angle as

关键词： wind-sand flow trajectory parameters saltating sand grains high-speed multiflash photography.