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In Vitro Synthetic Seed Production of Potato under Different fungicide Levels and Storage Intervals

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2023年第8期92卷 2429-2450页

作者： Tahira Kalsoom Touqeer Ahmed Muhammad Azam Khan Mirza Hasanuzzaman Mukhtar Ahmed Stefaan P.O.Werbrouck Department of Horticulture PMAS-Arid Agriculture UniversityRawalpindi46300Pakistan Department of Agronomy Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural UniversityDhaka1207Bangladesh Department of Agronomy PMAS-Arid Agriculture UniversityRawalpindi46300Pakistan Department of Plants and Crops Ghent UniversityGhent9000Belgium

Potato propagation through tubers and seed is an inefﬁcient way of propagation thus we propose an alternative method in this study which is in vitro propagation.Plantlets were raised from True Potato Seeds(TPS)in test tubes containing 10 mL of Murashige Skoog(MS)medium.Subculturing was done after every 21 days and after four subsequent subculturing,when there was an adequate quantity of stock material,uninodal cuttings of about 3-4 mm in length were prepared from in vitro proliferated potato plants by excising leaves of 1-2 mm on each side of the node.Prepared uninodal cuttings were cultured on 1/2 strength MS medium for root primordia development.The selected uninodal cuttings with root primordia were encapsulated with sodium alginate solution(3.5%(w/v)),mixed with 1.25%charcoal and different concentration of fungicide(thiophanate methyl,sigma)to enhance the viability percentage of synthetic seed.Furthermore,these encapsulated uninodal cuttings were subjected to different storage intervals to check maximum storage.Results showed that optimum dose for fungicide is 150 mg/L as it resulted in good viability percentage,shoot number,shoot length,rooting percentage,root number,root length and ideal for bead formation with sodium alginate.Similarly,results revealed that encapsulated uninodal cuttings can be stored at a temperature of 4℃ up to 45 days with a survival rate of 63.33%.Encapsulated uninodal cutting stored for 60 days showed a poor viability percentage of about 43.03%.It can be concluded that optimum dose of 150 mg/L with storage time of 45 days should be used to get a better outcome for synthetic potato seed production.

关键词： Synthetic seeds potato storage charcoal sodium alginate fungicide

Assessing the impact of fungicide enostroburin application on bacterial community in wheat phyllosphere

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2010年第1期22卷 134-141页

作者： Likun Gu Zhihui Bai Bo Jin Qing Hu Huili Wang Guoqiang Zhuang HongxunZhang Qingdao Institute of BioEnergy and Bioprocess Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266101 China Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China School of Earth and Environment Sciences The University of Adelaide Adelaide SA 5005 Australia Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China

fungicides have been used extensively for controlling fungal pathogens of plants. However, little is known regarding the effects that fungicides upon the indigenous bacterial communities within the plant phyllosphere. The aims of this study were to assess the impact of fungicide enostroburin upon bacterial communities in wheat phyllosphere. Culture-independent methodologies of 16S rDNA clone library and 16S rDNA directed polymerase chain reaction with denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis （PCR-DGGE） were used for monitoring the change of bacterial community. The 16S rDNA clone library and PCR-DGGE analysis both confirmed the microbial community of wheat plant phyllosphere were predominantly of the γ-Proteobacteria phyla. Results from PCR-DGGE analysis indicated a significant change in bacterial community structure within the phyllosphere following fungicide enostroburin application. Bands sequenced within control cultures were predominantly of Pseudomonas genus, but those bands sequenced in the treated samples were predominantly strains of Pantoea genus and Pseudomonas genus. Of interest was the appearance of two DGGE bands following fungicide treatment, one of which had sequence similarities （98%） to Pantoea sp. which might be a competitor of plant pathogens. This study revealed the wheat phyllosphere bacterial community composition and a shift in the bacterial community following fungicide enostroburin application.

关键词： fungicide phyllosphere microbial community 16S rDNA clone library PCR-DGGE

Residue analysis and dissipation of a new fungicide 2-allylphenol in tomato

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2005年第3期17卷 491-493页

作者： HUJi-ye ZHANGWen-ji LIJian-zhong ResearchCenterforEeo-EvironmentalSciences ChineseAcademyofSciencesBeijing100085.China ScienceCollege ChinaAgriculturalUniversity.Beijiug100094China

The method of residue analysis of a new synthesized fungicide 2-allylphenol was studied by simulating the active compound structure in Gingko tree(Gingko biloba L.) and its dissipation rate and terminal residue levels in tomato under field condition. Residues of 2-allylphenol were extracted from tomato matrix with acetone, purified by liquid-liquid extraction and Florisil cartrieges, and then determined by HPLC with UV-detector. The minimum detectable amount of 2-allylphenol was 3×10 -9 g, the minimum detectable concentration of 2-allylphenol in the samples of tomato were 0.01 mg/kg. The ranges of average recoveries and coefficient variation of the method were 87.7%—90.2% and 1.25%—2.06%, respectively. The dissipation rate and terminal residue levels in tomato were determined with the method described above. The results showed that the half-life of 2-allylphenol in tomato was 6.37 d, and 2-allylphenol declined with 82.6% of the initial deposit remaining in tomato at harvest. The terminal residue levels in tomato were 0.15 mg/kg and 0.20 mg/kg following the recommended doses and time intervals.

关键词： fungicide 2-allylphenol residue analysis dissipation

Study on toxicology and residual dynamics in crop for new fungicide-HDE

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西南师范大学学报（自然科学版） 1998年第5期23卷 61-64,66页

作者： Li Zhichang, male, 62 years old, professor. Li Zhichang 1, Liu Chiqing 1, Tan Kejun 1, Ren Shaoguang 2 1 Institute of Applied Chemistry, Southwest China Normal University, Chongqing 400715 2 Institute of Agricultural Biological Engineering and Te

Ａｍｉｎｏａｃｉｄｆｕｎｇｉｃｉｄｅ———ｈｏｍｏｄｅｍｙｃｉｎｅ（ＨＤＥ），ａｃｏｐｐｅｒｃｏｍｐｌｅｘｏｆｓｅｖｅｒａｌｄｉｆｅｒｅｎｔａｍｉｎｏａｃｉｄｓ，ｗａｓｒｅｃｅｎｔｌｙｉｎｖｅｎｔｅｄ［１，２］．Ｓｅ... 详细信息

Ａｍｉｎｏａｃｉｄｆｕｎｇｉｃｉｄｅ———ｈｏｍｏｄｅｍｙｃｉｎｅ（ＨＤＥ），ａｃｏｐｐｅｒｃｏｍｐｌｅｘｏｆｓｅｖｅｒａｌｄｉｆｅｒｅｎｔａｍｉｎｏａｃｉｄｓ，ｗａｓｒｅｃｅｎｔｌｙｉｎｖｅｎｔｅｄ［１，２］．Ｓｅｖｅｒａｌｙｅａｒｓ’ｆｉｅｌｄｔ...

关键词： fungicide homodemycine(HDE) toxicology residual

fungicide tolerance of <i>Trichoderma asperelloides</i>and <i>T. harzianum strains</i>

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Agricultural Sciences 2011年第3期2卷 301-307页

作者： Adriana Paola Chaparro Lilliana Hoyos Carvajal Sergio Orduz Facultad de Agronomía Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Bogotá Colombia Corresponding Author Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Medellín Colombia USA Research Associate Microbiology Department San Antonio USA

Tolerance in isolations of Trichoderma was developed by exposing two strains of T. harzianum and three of T. asperelloides to increasing concentrations of chemical fungicides. These isolation of Trichoderma were exposed to three fungicides: Captan, Thiabendazol and the mixture Captan-Carboxin. Some selected lines of these strains reached tolerance to Captan and partial tolerance to the mixture Captan-Carboxin. The biological and genetic changes in these tolerant lines were monitored by determining the relative growth rate of the fungus, inhibition of Fusarium and by analyzing the genomic changes through UP-PCR. The results show that the tolerance to fungicides can be developed without affecting the parameters of biological activity in these lines of Trichoderma (growth and parasitism against Fusarium). Chemical tolerance to the fungicide was verified by means of changes at the DNA level (UP-PCR), mainly in the lines tolerant to Captan. This suggests that Trichoderma survives in environments with remnants of fungicide molecules.

关键词： Trichoderma Mutation Chemical fungicide Biological Control Tolerance

Discriminating Important Agronomic and Industrial Parameters of White Oat Cultivars Treated with fungicide Based on SIMCA Algorithm

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2017年第2期7卷 86-99页

作者： Virgilio Gavicho Uarrota Cileide Maria Medeiros Coelho Julhana Cristina Sponchiado Clovis Arruda Souza Laboratory of Crop Plants Department of Agronomy Santa Catarina State University Agroveterinary Science Center Av. Luizde Cam6es 2090 Zip Code 88520-000 Lages SC Brazil Laboratory of Seed Analysis Department of Agronomy Santa Catarina State University Agroveterinary Science Center Av. Luizde Cam~es 2090 Zip Code 88520-000 Lages SC Brazil

Selection of effective agronomic and industrial parameters of oat cultivars is a decisive step in oat breeding programs fordevelopment of new oat and elite cultivars. In this study, a new approach was utilized to distinguish the most informative agronomicand industrial parameters that are most affected with fungicide application in oat cultivars. Four subsequent field experiments from2007 to 2010 were conducted in completely randomized block design （CRBD） with split plots. Total nine oat cultivars with orwithout fungicide application were evaluated for plant height, sieve yield, grain yield, lodging index, weight of hectoliter andde-hulling index. Soft independent modeling of class analogy （SIMCA） was conducted as one-class and multi-classes models toidentify important variables that can be used to discriminate samples. Results showed that SIMCA was effective, and lodging index,de-hulling index, sieve yield, plant height and grain yield were most affected oat parameters. Therefore, SIMCA algorithm can beused to easily discriminate some agronomic and quality parameters of oats.

关键词： Oat cultivars, SIMCA modeling, non-supervised techniques, fungicide application, growth, yield, principal componentanalysis, hierarchical cluster analysis, model classification.

Effects of PEG Priming and fungicide Treatment on Kenaf(Hibiscus cannabinus L.)Seed Germination

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2018年第5期8卷 278-289页

作者： In-Sok Lee Chan-Ho Kang Suk-Ju Kwon Young-Eun Na Jeollabuk-do Agricultural Research&Extension Services Iksan City 54591Korea

An experiment was conducted in the Jeollabuk-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services,Korea from February to June 2017,to study the effect of polyethylene glycol(PEG)on the germination of kenaf seeds variety‘Jangdae’,which treated with seven PEG concentrations(0%,10%,20%,25%,30%,35%and 40%)for 24 h at 20°C in the dark,and evaluate the effect of fungicide on surging kenaf seed germination in the field.Results showed that the critical concentration rate needed to hasten germination based on germination percentage,times to reach 50%of the final germination rate(T50)and mean no.of days to germination(MDG)is using 10%PEG.A maximum germination rate of 83.8%using hydro-priming(HP)(seed treated with HP)was observed during the first 12 h of treatment.The control’s(Jangdae seed)germination increased sharply and reached a maximum germination rate of 53.2%on the 21st day in the field.After 21 d,germination of all priming treatments ranged from 13.8%to 26.3%.The palisade layer(PAL)after priming treatment was more damaged than that of the control.Also,a significant difference on the acid level between the control and PEG priming treatment(pfungicide called“Tiram”was used after priming to help kenaf seeds decrease T50 and MDG,and increase germination percentage.Results showed that application of fungicide after priming optimizes seed germination and vigor.Therefore,it is recommended to invigorate the kenaf seed before planting.

关键词： Kenaf priming polyethylene glycol fungicide

Adaptability and Stability of Yield and Industrial Grain Quality with and without fungicide in Brazilian Oat Cultivars

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2015年第9期6卷 1560-1569页

作者： José Antonio Gonzalez da Silva Maisa Didoné Wohlenberg Emilio Ghisleni Arenhardt Antonio Costa de Oliveira Gustavo Mazurkievicz Mariele Müller Lorenzo Ghisleni Arenhardt Manuel Osorio Binelo Guilherme Arnold Rafael Pretto Department of Agrarian Studies Regional University of the Northwest of Rio Grande do Sul Ijuí Brazil Department of Crop Plants Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil Faculty of Agronomy EliseuMaciel Federal University of Pelotas Pelotas Brazil Faculty of Agronomy University of Passo Fundo Passo Fundo Brazil Department of Exact Sciences and Engineering Regional University of the Northwest of Rio Grande do Sul Ijuí Brazil

The use of productive cultivars with adaptability and stability and less demanding to fungicide use are critical to the sustainability of production factors. The objective of this work was to determine the per se performance of white oat cultivars and parameters of adaptability and stability on yield and grain quality in the proposition of cultivars more responsive in reducing the use fungicide. The study was conducted in Augusto Pestana, RS, Brazil, between the years 2010 and 2013. The experimental design was randomized blocks with six replicates, three with and three without fungicide. The study evaluated 14 white oat cultivars for yield and industrial capability. The white oat cultivars FAEM 4 Carlasul and URS Corona indicate high grain yield with stability and general adaptability, independent of chemical control. The cultivar URS Corona shows together high yield and thousand grain weight and hectoliter with general adaptability and stability in the absence of fungicide. Although no stability has been detected in industrial yield without the use of fungicides, cultivars of URS Charrua, URS Corona and URS Taura show high means with general adaptability.

关键词： Avena sativa L. Grain Quality fungicide Climatic Variations

Synthesis of Intermediate 2, 3-Dichloro-1,4-naphthoenone for fungicide Dithianon

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Plant Diseases and Pests 2019年第1期10卷 33-36页

作者： Zhang Zhenming LU Liangzhong Kong Xianbin Wang Jianrong Wang Gang Liu Kai Wang Xiaohui Jiangsu Changqing Agrochemical Co. Ltd. Shenyang Research Institute of Chemical Industry Co. Ltd.

The synthetic method of dithianon intermediate 2,3-dichloro-1,4-naphthoquinone was introduced. Starting with raw material sodium 4-amino1-naphthalene sulfonate, 2,3-dichloro-1,4-naphthoquinone was synthesized through acidification, chlorination and oxidation. After filtration and recrystallization, more than 98% of 2,3-dichloro-1,4-naphthoquinone was obtained, and the yield reached 76%(measured by sodium 4-amino-1-naphthalene sulfonate).

关键词： fungicide Dithianon 2,3-dichloro-1,4-naphthoquinone Synthesis