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Professor Cuifen Huang: a great molecular geneticist and the founder of genetic engineering in China

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Protein & Cell 2021年第3期12卷 159-161页

作者： Wei Gong Leyi Cui Yike Ying Yijing Shen Jiaqi Bao Zhejiang Normal University Jinhua 321004China

Professor Cuifen Huang(黄翠芬,1921-2011)is a famous molecular geneticist and one of the founders of Genetic Engineering in China(Fig.1).She devoted all her life to researches on genetic engineering of vaccines and polypeptide drugs and studies on molecular tumors.She made tremendous contributions to the development of biotechnology and military medical science in China.She was also the first scientist who cloned and expressed the pro-urokinase gene in China which showed high selective thrombolysis without systemic hemorrhage(Chinese Academy of Engineering,2009).

关键词： devoted drugs founder

founder Control,Ownership Structure and Firm Value:Evidence from Entrepreneurial Listed Firms in China

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China Journal of Accounting Research 2008年第1期1卷 31-49页

作者： Lijun Xia Shanghai University of Finance and Economics

In emerging markets, the deviation between the ultimate controlling shareholders' voting rights and their cash flow rights(hereafter "DVC") in the listed firms is quite prevalent. DVC could be introduced due to the ultimate controlling shareholders' opportunistic incentives, as well as by their incentives to improve firm efficiency. This study uses 229 listed firms ultimately controlled by individuals or families(hereafter "entrepreneurial firms") for 2004 in China, to investigate the effect of DVC on firm value and to determine whether it is different between founder and non-founder controlled firms. We find that DVC has a positive effect on firm value for founder controlled firms. This result implies that investors believe that their interests are better protected by founder controlled firms than by non-founder controlled firms.

关键词： founder Control Ownership Structure Firm Value,Chi

PROFESSOR　JIAXI　LU（CHIA－SILU）：founder　of　Chinese　Journal　of　StructuralChemistry　A　Brief　Biography

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 1996年第2期 171-177页

ＰＲＯＦＥＳＳＯＲＪＩＡＸＩＬＵ（ＣＨＩＡ－ＳＩＬＵ）：ＦｏｕｎｄｅｒｏｆＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＪｏｕｒｎａｌｏｆＳｔｒｕｃｔｕｒａｌＣｈｅｍｉｓｔｒｙＡＢｒｉｅｆＢｉｏｇｒａｐｈｙ￥ＰｒｏｆｅｓｓｏｒＪｉａｘｉＬｕ，ｍｙｒ... 详细信息

ＰＲＯＦＥＳＳＯＲＪＩＡＸＩＬＵ（ＣＨＩＡ－ＳＩＬＵ）：ＦｏｕｎｄｅｒｏｆＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＪｏｕｒｎａｌｏｆＳｔｒｕｃｔｕｒａｌＣｈｅｍｉｓｔｒｙＡＢｒｉｅｆＢｉｏｇｒａｐｈｙ￥ＰｒｏｆｅｓｓｏｒＪｉａｘｉＬｕ，ｍｙｒｅｓｐｅｃｔｅｄｔｅａｃｈｅｒａｎ...

关键词： Chinese founder Journal Brief Biography

Genome Characteristics and Evolution of Pseudorabies Virus Strains in Eastern China from 2017 to 2019

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Virologica Sinica 2019年第6期34卷 601-609页

作者： Xiaofeng Zhai Wen Zhao Kemang Li Cheng Zhang Congcong Wang Shuo Su Jiyong Zhou Jing Lei Gang Xing Haifeng Sun Zhiyu Shi Jinyan Gu MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety Engineering Laboratory of Animal Immunity of Jiangsu ProvinceCollege of Veterinary MedicineNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210000China Key Laboratory of Animal Virology of Ministry of Agriculture Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

Since late 2011,outbreaks of pseudorabies virus(PRV)have occurred in southern China causing major economic losses to the pig industry.We previously reported that variant PRV forms and recombination in China could be the source of continued epidemics.Here,we analyzed samples from intensive pig farms in eastern China between 2017 and 2019,and sequenced the main glycoproteins(gB,gC,gD,and gE)to study the evolution characteristics of PRV.Based on the gC gene,we found that PRV variants belong to clade 2 and detected a founder effect during by the PRV epidemic.In addition,we detected inter-and intra-clade recombination;in particular,inter-clade recombination in the gB genes of strains FJ-ZXF and FJ-W2,which were recombinant with clade 1 strains.We also found specific amino-acid changes and positively selected sites,possibly associated with functional changes.This analysis of the emergence of PRV in China illustrates the need for continuous monitoring and the development of vaccines against specific variants of PRV.

关键词： Pseudorabies virus (PRV) Glycoproteins founder effect Epidemic Eastern China

Ascomycota has a faster evolutionary rate and higher species diversity than Basidiomycota

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2010年第10期53卷 1163-1169,1263-1270页

作者： Lumbsch H. THORSTEN Department of Botany The Field Museum

Differences in rates of nucleotide or amino acid substitutions among major groups of organisms are repeatedly found and well documented. A growing body of evidence suggests a link between the rate of neutral molecular change within populations and the evolution of species diversity. More than 98% of terrestrial fungi belong to the phyla Ascomycota or Basidiomycota. The former is considerably richer in number of species than the latter. We obtained DNA sequences of 21 protein-coding genes from the lichenized fungus Rhizoplaca chrysoleuca and used them together with sequences from GenBank for subsequent analyses. Three datasets were used to test rate discrepancies between Ascomycota and Basidiomycota and that within Ascomycota: (i) 13 taxa including 105 protein-coding genes, (ii) nine taxa including 21 protein-coding genes, and (iii) nuclear LSU rDNA of 299 fungal species. Based on analyses of the 105 protein-coding genes and nuclear LSU rDNA datasets, we found that the evolutionary rate was higher in Ascomycota than in Basidiomycota. The differences in substitution rates between Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were significant. Within Ascomycota, the species-rich Sordariomycetes has the fastest evolutionary rate, while Leotiomycetes has the slowest. Our results indicate that the main contribution to the higher substitution rates in Ascomycota does not come from mutualism, ecological conditions, sterility, metabolic rate or shorter generation time, but is possibly caused by the founder effect. This is another example of the correlation between species number and evolutionary rates, which is consistent with the hypothesis that the founder effect is responsible for accelerated substitution rates in diverse clades.

关键词： evolutionary rate amino acid substitution nucleotide substitution fungal evolution species diversity founder effect

Zhu Zhenheng, founder of the School of Yin Nourishing

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences 2017年第1期4卷 1-2页

作者： Min Li Yongxuan Liang Tingyu Fang Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing100029China Chinese Medicine Confucius Institute Hyogo College of MedicineNishinomiyaHyōgoJapan

Zhu Zhenheng (courtesy name:Zhu Yanxiu,1281-1358) was from Yiwu County,Zhejiang Province.His family lived near a river named Dan Xi for many generations,hence his sobriquet Old Man Dan Xi,or Mr Dan Xi.Since he was intelligent,diligent and eager to learn,he traveled around to visit literary celebrities with the expectation to pass the imperial examination and seek an official position.When he was 36 years old,he heard that Xu Qian,a famous scholar of the Neo-Confucianism came to give lectures in Dongyang County,Zhejiang Province,he soon rushed there to learn from him.1 He kept on study for years and made great progress.But he suffered a reversal of fortune and failed the imperial examinations.At this moment,Xu Qian was badly ill and completely bedridden.One day,when Zhu went to visit him,he said:'I have been ill for a long time,and only those who are skillful in medicine can save me.

关键词： Zhu Zhenheng founder Nourishing

Habitat suitability and herbivores determine reintroduction success of an endangered legume

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Plant Diversity 2019年第2期41卷 109-117页

作者： Matthew A.Albrecht Quinn G.Long Center for Conservation and Sustainable Development Missouri Botanical Garden Shaw Nature Reserve Missouri Botanical Garden

Reintroductions of rare plants require detailed knowledge of habitat requirements, species interactions,and restoration techniques. Thus, incremental experimentation over many years may be required to develop adequate knowledge and techniques for successful reintroduction. To determine drivers of extinction in historical reintroductions of a federally endangered perennial(Astragalus bibullatus), we developed a reintroduction experiment to disentangle the relative importance of habitat quality, herbivores, and restoration technique on reintroduction success. In a factorial design, we manipulated access to vertebrate herbivores across different habitat types(mesic ecotone vs. xeric barren), and used founder populations comprised of more transplants and genetic sources than previous reintroduction attempts.In mesic ecotones where historical reintroductions failed, excluding herbivores, thinning woody encroachment to improve habitat quality, outplanting across a greater array of microhabitats, and increasing founder population size did not improve demographic rates over previous attempts.Compared to mesic ecotones, transplant survival rates and cumulative fruit production were more than two and ten times greater, respectively, in a xeric barren ecotone characterized by open, grassy, and dry microenvironmental conditions. Across all sites, herbivores decreased probabilities of survival and flowering of larger adult plants. Flowering rates were 80% greater inside relative to outside herbivore exclusion cages. Over a four-year period, only a single uncaged plant produced fruit. Our study demonstrates that habitat quality and vertebrate herbivory are key drivers of long-term persistence in rare plant reintroductions. Using incremental experiments that build on previous knowledge gained from long-term monitoring can improve reintroduction outcomes.

关键词： Astragalus bibullatus Translocation Rare plant Conservation founder size Grassland

独家专访founder创业社区创始人万里江 founder被wework抬到了风口

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中国房地产金融 2015年第6期 88-91页

作者：赵轶鸣

同wework单纯的商业运营不同,founder首先打造的是一个创业社区的概念,为大家打造一个有温度的空间,然后发掘优秀企业,进行投资。对于这里的特点,万里江归纳为"联结、共创、自治"。一间用羽毛球馆临时改成的会场。十六个名不见经传的创... 详细信息

同wework单纯的商业运营不同,founder首先打造的是一个创业社区的概念,为大家打造一个有温度的空间,然后发掘优秀企业,进行投资。对于这里的特点,万里江归纳为"联结、共创、自治"。一间用羽毛球馆临时改成的会场。十六个名不见经传的创业者,没有大佬助阵,没有明星代言,没有任何高大上的元素,上海第一家联合办公创业社区——"founder创业社区",就这样以一种很草根、很屌丝,甚至是很无厘头的方式宣告诞生了。然而,对于这一切,founder创业社区的创始人万里江,却认真地告诉《中国房地产金融》,"你们所看到的,就是我想要的,是完全正确的。"

关键词：万里创始人 founder wework 风口高炉

founder Author Tool 6.0课件制作的几个技巧和原则

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中等职业教育 2004年第6期 31-32页

作者：王为浙江省杭州职业技术学院

founder Author tool 6.0制作的课件中链接是保证课件正常运行的关键。我们在设置链接时应掌握的几点技巧,在founder Author Tool 6.0电子课件使用时应注意的几个问题,在制作幻灯片的过程中应遵循的几个原则。

关键词： founder Author Tool 6.0 课件制作制作技巧现代教育技术教学内容高等学校