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Mesoscale study on explosion-induced Formation and thermochemical response of PTFE/Al granular jet

Defence Technology（防务技术） 2023年第5期23卷 112-125页

作者： Yuan-feng Zheng Zhi-jian Zheng Guan-cheng Lu Hai-fu Wang Huan-guo Guo State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing100081China

The dynamic Formation,shock-induced inhomogeneous temperature rise and corresponding chemical reaction behaviors of PTFE/Al reactive liner shaped charge jet(RLSCJ)are investigated by the combination of mesoscale simulation,reaction kinetics and chemical energy release test.A two-dimensional granular model is developed with the randomly normal distribution of aluminum particle sizes and the particle delivery program.Then,the granular model is employed to study the shock-induced thermal behavior during the Formation and extension processes of RLSCJ,as well as the temperature history curves of aluminum particles.The simulation results visualize the motion and temperature responses of the RLSCJ at the grain level,and further indicate that the aluminum particles are more likely to gather in the last two-thirds of the jet along its axis.Further analysis shows that the shock,collision,friction and deFormation behaviors are all responsible for the steep temperature rise of the reactive jet.In addition,a shock-induced chemical reaction extent model of RLSCJ is built based on the combination of the Arrhenius model and the Avrami-Erofeev kinetic model,by which the chemical reaction growth behavior during the Formation and extension stages is described quantitatively.The model indicates the reaction extent highly corresponds to the aluminum particle temperature history at the Formation and extension stages.At last,a manometry chamber and the corresponding energy release model are used together to study the macroscopic chemical energy release characteristics of RLSCJ,by which the reaction extent model is verified.

关键词： Reactive materials Shaped charge Mesoscale simulation Formation Thermochemical response

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Output Formation tracking for networked systems with limited energy and aperiodic silence

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2022年第7期35卷 274-288页

作者： Jin JIN Junlong LI Donghao QIN Ning CAI School of Electrical Engineering Northwest Minzu UniversityLanzhou 730030China Key Laboratory of China’s Ethnic Languages and InFormation Technology for Ministry of Education Northwest Minzu UniversityLanzhou 730000China School of Missile Engineering Rocket Force University of EngineeringXi’an 710025China School of Artificial Intelligent Beijing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsBeijing 100876China

For leader-following networked systems with the topology switching and the aperiodic silence,limited-energy output Formation tracking problems are investigated.Firstly,a new output Formation tracking control protocol is proposed,which contains two components associated with the communication interactions between the leader and tracking intelligent agents and the communication interactions among tracking intelligent agents,respectively,and the aperiodic silence,the topology switching and the energy constraint index is introduced properly.Then,a two-step transFormation method is presented to separate the whole dynamics of a networked system into the relative dynamics between the leader and tracking intelligent agents and the dynamics of the leader,and sufficient conditions for limited-energy output Formation tracking for networked systems with limited energy and aperiodic silence are presented,which are extended into networked systems without the aperiodic silence.Especially,a partition checking algorithm is presented to check limitedenergy output Formation tracking design criteria.Finally,a numerical example is illustrated to demonstrate the validness of theoretical results.

关键词： Energy calculations Formation Intermittent working Networked control system Tracking

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Communication-Aware Formation Control of AUVs With Model Uncertainty and Fading Channel via Integral Reinforcement Learning

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2023年第1期10卷 159-176页

作者： Wenqiang Cao Jing Yan Xian Yang Xiaoyuan Luo Xinping Guan the Institute of Electrical Engineering Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China IEEE the Institute of InFormation Science and Engineering Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China the Department of Automation Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

Most Formation approaches of autonomous underwater vehicles(AUVs)focus on the control techniques,ignoring the influence of underwater channel.This paper is concerned with a communication-aware Formation issue for AUVs,subject to model uncertainty and fading channel.An integral reinforcement learning(IRL)based estimator is designed to calculate the probabilistic channel parameters,wherein the multivariate probabilistic collocation method with orthogonal fractional factorial design(M-PCM-OFFD)is employed to evaluate the uncertain channel measurements.With the estimated signal-to-noise ratio(SNR),we employ the IRL and M-PCM-OFFD to develop a saturated Formation controller for AUVs,dealing with uncertain dynamics and current parameters.For the proposed Formation approach,an integrated optimization solution is presented to make a balance between Formation stability and communication efficiency.Main innovations lie in three aspects:1)Construct an integrated communication and control optimization framework;2)Design an IRL-based channel prediction estimator;3)Develop an IRL-based Formation controller with M-PCM-OFFD.Finally,simulation results show that the Formation approach can avoid local optimum estimation,improve the channel efficiency,and relax the dependence of AUV model parameters.

关键词： Autonomous underwater vehicles(AUVs) communication-aware Formation reinforcement learning uncertainty

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Formation control for networked multiagent systems with a minimum energy constraint

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2023年第1期36卷 342-355页

作者： Junlong LI Jianxiang XI Ming HE Bing LI Department of Physics Lüliang UniversityLüliang 033001China School of Missile Engineering Rocket Force University of EngineeringXi’an 710025China First Military Representative Office of the Rocket Army Equipment Department in Xi’an Xi’an 710025China

Minimum-energy Formation achievement problems for networked multiagent systems are investigated,where inFormation networks with leaderless and leader-follower structures are respectively addressed and inFormation networks are randomly switching.The critical feature of this work is that the energy constraint is minimum in the sense of the linear matrix inequality,but limited-budget control and guaranteed-cost control cannot realize a minimum-energy Formation.Firstly,the leaderless minimum-energy Formation control problem is converted into an asymp-totic stability one via a nonsingular transFormation and state space decomposition,and based on linear matrix inequality techniques,sufficient conditions for analysis and design of leaderless minimum-energy Formation achievement are proposed,respectively,which can be solved by the generalized eigenvalue method.Then,main results of minimum-energy Formation achievement of leaderless networked multiagent systems are extended leader-follower networked multiagent systems,where the asymmetric property of the leader-follower inFormation network is well dealt with by two nonsingular transFormations.Finally,two simulation examples are shown to verify the main results for minimum-energy Formation achievements of leaderless and leader-follower networked multiagent systems,respectively.

关键词： Energy constraint Formation Minimum energy consump-tion Networked control systems Switching networks

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Identification of the HAK gene family reveals their critical response to potassium regulation during adventitious root Formation in apple rootstock

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2023年第1期9卷 45-59页

作者： Muhammad Mobeen Tahir Lu Tong Lingling Xie Tong Wu Muhammad Imran Ghani Xiaoyun Zhang Shaohuan Li Xiuhua Gao Leeza Tariq Dong Zhang Yun Shao Yangling Sub-Center of National Center for Apple Improvement College of HorticultureNorthwest Agriculture&Forestry UniversityYanglingShaan 712100China The Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization in Xinjiang Production and Construction Group College of AgricultureShihezi UniversityShiheziXinjiang 832003China Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology University of the PunjabLahore 53700Pakistan

Adventitious root Formation is a bottleneck during vegetative proliferation.Potassium(K^(+))is an essential macronutrient for plants.K^(+)accumulation from the soil and its distribution to the different plant organs is mediated by K^(+)transporters named K^(+)transporter(KT),K^(+)uptake(KUP),or high-affinity K^(+)(HAK).This study aimed to identify members of the HAK gene family in apples and to characterize the effects of K^(+)supply on adventitious root Formation and on the expression of HAK genes and the genes that putatively control auxin transport,signaling,and cell fate during adventitious root Formation.In this study,34 HAK genes(MdHAKs)were identified in the apple(Malus×domestica‘Golden Delicious’)genome.A phylogenetic analysis divided MdHAKs into four clusters(Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,andⅣ),comprising 16,1,4,and 13 genes,respectively.The syntenic relationships revealed that 62.5%of the total MdHAK genes arise from genomic duplication events.Chromosome location,domain structure,motif analysis,and physico-chemical characteristics were subsequently investigated.Furthermore,the application of K^(+)indicated the emergence of adventitious roots at 8 d and produced more adventitious roots at 16 d than the K^(+)-free control(CK)treatment.In addition,various MdHAKs showed root-specific expression in B9 apple rootstock stem cuttings and enhanced expression during the initiation and emergence stages of adventitious root Formation in response to K^(+)treatment.Additionally,K^(+)treatment enhanced the expression levels of MdPIN1,MdPIN2,and MdAUX1.Further data indicated that a higher expression of MdWOX11,MdLBD16,and MdLBD29 and of cell cycle-related genes contributed to the auxin-stimulated adventitious root Formation in response to K^(+).

关键词： Apple rootstock Adventitious root Formation Potassium(K+) HAK transporter

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Effect of temperature on Formation and evolution of solid electrolyte in terphase on Si@Graphite@C anodes

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第1期31卷 190-200,I0006页

作者： Hong Dong Jie Wang Peng Wang Hao Ding Ru Song Ning-Shuang Zhang Dong-Ni Zhao Li-Juan Zhang Shi-You Li College of Petrochemical Technology Lanzhou University of TechnologyLanzhou 730050GansuChina Gansu Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Energy and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou 730050GansuChina College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qinghai University for NationalitiesXining 810007QinghaiChina

Studies on the formati on and evolutio n of the solid electrolyte in terface(SEI)film under different ambient temperatures are important to understand the failure behavior of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).Herein,in-situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)test is performed on the whole discharge process of Si@Graphite@C/Li cell at 0,25 and 55℃,respectively.Combining with scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy characterizations,it is found that the SEI film undergoes a complicated evolution process of pre-Formation,self-improvement and gradual decay in succession at 25℃.Besides,due to the dissolution of organo-alkyl lithium at high temperature,the formed film is mainly composed of LiF,Li_(2)CO_(3) and other in organic salts,which helps to decrease the impedance.However,the electrolyte is consumed continuously on the new exposed in terface,leading to the degraded performance of the cell.Moreover,the dyn amic properties of Li^(+) ions are poor at low temperature,though the migration ability of Li^(+) ions in the solid phase can be improved as the cycle goes on.Therefore,the development and application of in-situ EIS tech no logy are expected to become an important means to explain the electrochemical performance of batteries.

关键词： In-situ EIS Solid electrolyte in terphase Formation Evolution Si@Graphite@C anodes

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Structure and Formation of the South Yellow Sea water mass in the spring of 2007

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2022年第1期40卷 55-65页

作者： Xinyuan DIAO Guangcheng SI Chuanjie WEI Fei YU Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Center for Ocean Mega-Science Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves Chinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Laboratory for Ocean and Climate Dynamics Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)Qingdao 266237China

Data obtained from over 250 CTD stations in December 2006 and April 2007 were used to analyze the temperature and salinity structure of the water masses of the South Yellow Sea in spring.Six basic water masses were identifi ed:the Southwest Yellow Sea Coastal Water Mass(SWYSCWM),Southwest Yellow Sea Local Water Mass(SWYSLWM),Qingdao Cold Water Mass(QDCWM),Yellow Sea Warm Current Water Mass(YSWCWM),Inchon Cold Water Mass(ICWM),and Subei Coastal Water Mass(SBCWM).The mechanisms of Formation of these water masses are very diff erent.The SWYSCWM is aff ected by continental water,whereas the SWYSLWM and SBCWM are local water masses that are less aff ected by other waters.The QDCWM derives from cold northern water.The YSWCWM exists from winter to spring.Because of the limited data coverage,the mechanism of Formation of the ICWM remains unclear.

关键词： Yellow Sea spring water mass Formation

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Characteristics of volatile organic compounds,NO_2,and effects on ozone Formation at a site with high ozone level in Chengdu

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第1期31卷 334-345页

作者： Yuanyuan Deng Jing Li Yaqi Li Rongrong Wu Shaodong Xie College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution ControlPeking University

Chengdu is a megacity in the southwest of China with high ozone(O_3) mixing ratio.Observation of volatile organic compounds(VOCs), NO_2 and O_3 with high temporal resolution was conducted in Chengdu to investigate the chemical processes and causes of high O_3 levels. The hourly mixing ratios of VOCs, NO2, and O_3 were monitored by an online system from 28 August to 7 October, 2016. According to meteorological conditions,Chengdu, with relative warm weather and low wind speed, is favorable to O_3 Formation.Part of the O_3 in Chengdu may be transported from the downtown area. In O_3 episodes,the average mixing ratios of NO_2 and O_3 were 20.20 ppbv and 47.95 ppbv, respectively. In non-O_3 episodes, the average mixing ratios of NO_2 and O_3 were 16.38 ppbv and 35.15 ppbv,respectively. The average mixing ratio of total VOCs(TVOCs) was 40.29 ppbv in non-O_3 episodes, which was lower than that in O_3 episodes(53.19 ppbv). Alkenes comprised51.7% of the total O_3 Formation potential(OFP) in Chengdu, followed by aromatics which accounted for 24.2%. Ethylene, trans-pentene, propene, and BTEX(benzene, ethylbenzene,toluene, m/p-xylene, o-xylene) were also major contributors to the OFP in Chengdu. In O_3 episodes, intensive secondary Formations were observed during the campaign. Oxygenated VOCs(OVOCs), such as acetone, Methylethylketone(MEK), and Methylvinylketone(MVK)were abundant. Isoprene rapidly converted to MVK and Methacrolein(MACR) during O_3 episodes. Acetone was mainly the oxidant of C3-C5 hydrocarbons.

关键词： Ozone Formation VOCs NO2 OFP Diurnal variation

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Emission factors, ozone and secondary organic aerosol Formation potential of volatile organic compounds emitted from industrial biomass boilers

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第9期31卷 64-72页

作者： Chunmei Geng Wen Yang Xuesong Sun Xinhu Wang Zhipeng Bai Xia Zhang State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing 100012 China Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection Beijing 100037 China China National Environmental Monitoring Centre Beijing 100012 China

To evaluate the potential benefits of biomass use for air pollution control, this paper identified and quantified the emissions of major reactive organic compounds anticipated from biomass-fired industrial boilers. Wood pellets(WP) and straw pellets(SP) were burned to determine the volatile organic compound emission profiles for each biomass-boiler combination. More than 100 types of volatile organic compounds(VOCs) were measured from the two biomass boilers. The measured VOC species included alkanes, alkenes and acetylenes, aromatics, halocarbons and carbonyls. A single coal-fired boiler(CB) was also studied to provide a basis for comparison. Biomass boiler 1(BB1) emitted relatively high proportions of alkanes(28.9%–38.1% by mass) and alkenes and acetylenes(23.4%–40.8%),while biomass boiler 2(BB2) emitted relatively high proportions of aromatics(27.9%–29.2%)and oxygenated VOCs(33.0%–44.8%). The total VOC(TVOC) emission factors from BB1(128.59–146.16 mg/kg) were higher than those from BB2(41.26–85.29 mg/kg). The total ozone Formation potential(OFP) ranged from 6.26 to 81.75 mg/m^3 with an average of 33.66 mg/m^3 for the two biomass boilers. The total secondary organic aerosol potential(SOAP) ranged from 61.56 to 211.67 mg/m^3 with an average of 142.27 mg/m^3 for the two biomass boilers.The emission factors(EFs) of TVOCs from biomass boilers in this study were similar to those for industrial coal-fired boilers with the same thermal power. These data can supplement existing VOC emission factors for biomass combustion and thus enrich the VOC emission inventory.

关键词： Biomass boiler Volatile organic compounds(VOCs) Emission factor Ozone Formation potential(OFP) Secondary organic aerosol potential(SOAP)

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Thermodynamic prediction and experimental investigation of short-term dynamic membrane Formation in dynamic membrane bioreactors:Effects of sludge properties

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第3期31卷 85-96页

作者： Zhenzhen Yu Yisong Hu Mawuli Dzakpasu Xiaochang C.Wang Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource Environment and Ecology MOE Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology International Science & Technology Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development Key Lab of Environmental Engineering Shaanxi Province

In dynamic membrane bioreactors(DMBRs), a dynamic membrane(DM) forms on a support material to act as the separation membrane for solids and liquids. In this study, batch filtration tests were carried out in a DMBR using nylon mesh(25 μm) as support material to filtrate sludge suspensions of variable properties from three different sources to evaluate the effects on the short-term DM Formation process(within 240 min). Furthermore, the extended Derjaguin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek(XDLVO) theory was applied to analyze the sludge adhesion and cohesion behaviors on the mesh surface to predict quantitative parameters of the short-term DM Formation process(including initial Formation and maturation stage). The filtration results showed that the order of the initial DM Formation time(permeate turbidity Formation performance(short DM Formation time, low permeate turbidity, and high permeate flux) than sludge with poor settleability, dewaterability and flocculability. The influence of sludge properties on the initial DM Formation time corroborates the prediction of sludge adhesion behaviors by XDLVO theory. Additionally, the XDLVO calculation results showed that acid–based interaction, energy barrier, and secondary energy minimum were important determinants of the sludge adhesion and cohesion behaviors. Therefore, short-term DM Formation process may be enhanced to achieve stable long-term DMBR operation through positive modification of the sludge properties.

关键词： Dynamic membrane bioreactor Dynamic membrane Formation XDLVO theory Sludge properties Wastewater treatment

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