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Efficacy of substances containing 3 types of active ingredients-saponins, flavones, and alkaloids in regulation of cytokines in autoimmune diseases a systematic review and Meta-analysis based on animal studies

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024年第3期44卷 417-426页

作者： ZHU Ruifang ZHANG Jun LYU Yaru CHEN Yulu HAN Shifan WANG Hongwei Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment of Hematologic Diseases Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University Editorial Office First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University School of Nursing Shanxi Medical University

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy of substances containing 3 types of active ingredients-saponins,flavones, and alkaloids on experimental animals with autoimmune diseases(AIDs).METHODS: The protocol for this systematic review and Meta-analysis was prospectively registered with PROSPERO(CRD42023395741). Searches were conducted in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, Chinese Science and Technology Journals, China Biomedical, Pub Med,Cochrane Library, and Embase databases to screen for animal studies investigating the therapeutic effects of saponins, flavones, or alkaloids on autoimmune diseases;consequently, corresponding data extraction tables were prepared. Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation was used to assess the risk of methodological bias in the included literature. RevMan 5.4 was used for the Meta-analysis on the 8 serum cytokines.RESULTS: A total of 31 studies were included, all of which were randomized controlled studies. Meta-analysis indicated that substances rich in saponins, flavones, and alkaloids reduced serum levels of interleukin(IL)-1β[standardized mean difference(SMD) =-1.94, 95%confidence interval(CI)(-2.99,-0.90), P = 0.0003], IL-6 [SMD =-1.65, 95% CI(-2.33,-0.97,) P flavones, and alkaloids regulated the changes of immunerelated cytokines, it may be a novel dietary substance to relieve and control autoimmune diseases in the future.

关键词： Meta-analysis alkaloids autoimmune diseases flavones saponins system evaluation

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Recent advances in the diversification of chromones and flavones by direct C-H bond activation or functionalization

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2020年第12期31卷 3073-3082页

作者： Shanghui Tian Tian Luo Yanping Zhu Jie-Ping Wan College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiangxi Normal UniversityNanchang 330022China School of Pharmacy Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug EvaluationMinistry of EducationCollaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of ShandongYantai UniversityYantai 264005China

Chromone and flavone are both central backbones of natural products and clinical medicines.Synthesis of diversely functionalized chromones and flavones constitutes significant research contents of the modern synthetic science because abundant molecular libraries of such types are crucial in providing candidate compounds for the discovery of new pharmaceuticals and functional materials.The direct C—H bond activation or functionalization on these heterocyclic backbones provides highly powerful tools for the rapid accesses to densely functionalized chromone and flavone derivatives.Considering the importance of the functionalized chromone and flavone compounds as well as the notable advances in the synthesis of such products by direct C—H activation or functionalization,we review herein the research advances in the C—H bond activation and functionalization reactions of chro mone and flavones,in hope of showing the current states and promise of the research domain.

关键词： Chromones flavones C—H bond Activation Functionalization

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A 180-Day Subchronic Oral Toxicity Study of Total flavones of <i>E. leptorrhizum</i>Stearn in Rats

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Chinese Medicine 2015年第1期6卷 34-53页

作者： Ting Liu Lianqiang Hui Chunyu Cao Ran Hao Shuangrong Gao Rong He Baoqiang Dai Lifang Wang Institute of Chinese Materia Medica China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing China

A subchronic oral toxicity was conducted to evaluate the safety of total flavones of E. leptorrhizum Stearn in Sprague-Dawley rats. The test article was administered once daily by gavage in male and female rats at dose levels of 24, 48, and 96 mg/kg body weight/day for 180 days. 90 and 180 days after administration, ten and tweedy animals (each half of male and female) of each group were tested. 28 days after withdrawal, five male and female rats were tested. There were no significant toxicological changes shown in daily clinical signs, body weight, food consumption, hematology parameters, blood biochemistry, organ weights and histopathological examination except leukocyte differential count. It was concluded that the no-observed-effect level (NOEL) for total flavones of E. leptorrhizum Stearn was >96 mg/kg in SD rats.

关键词： Total flavones of E. leptorrhizum Stearn Safety Subchronic Toxicity

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Protective Effect of GRK2 and Effect of Sanguis Draconis flavones on Focal Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats

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Medicinal Plant 2019年第4期10卷 44-48,50页

作者： Rui LI Huiyu JIA Deyun JIA Min SI Dewu JIA Anhui Academy of Medical Sciences Hefei 230061 China Department of Pharmacy First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University Hefei 230032 China

[Objectives] To explore the protective effect of Sanguis Draconis flavones (SDF) on rat focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) models established by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO).[Methods] A total of 60 healthy adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were selected. They were evenly and randomly divided into sham group, model group, edaravone group (12 mg/kg) and SDF group (360 mg/kg), and administered intragastrically and intraperitoneally. The middle cerebral artery of each rat was blocked by suture-occluded method to establish a CIRI model. After ischemia for 2 h and reperfusion for 48 h, the pathological injury on the ischemic side was observed by HE staining;the neuron and myelin sheath structure was observed by transmission electron microscopy;the expression of G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) was preserved by immunohistochemistry;and the transfer of GRK2 was detected by western-blot.[Results] After 48 h of CIRI, the nuclei of the penumbral cortical neurons shrank, the chromatin was unevenly distributed, the nuclear membrane was dissolved and the mitochondria in the cytoplasm were swollen and vacuolated. The myelin layer was disordered. With this change, the distribution of GRK2 subcellular cells in the penumbra of the injured lateral cortex transferred from the cytoplasm to the membrane. SDF can effectively restore neuronal and myelin sheath structural damage and reduce the functional (membrane coupling) expression of GRK2.[Conclusions] GRK2 may be an effective target for SDF to protect the impaired blood-brain barrier (BBB) in CIRI.

关键词： Sanguis Draconis flavones Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 Blood-brain barrier Matrix metalloproteinases

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Determination of Total flavones in the Medicinal Mushroom Phellinus

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食用菌学报 2006年第2期 49-52页

作者： LIU Yan-fang, YANG Yan~ * , JIA Wei, ZHANG Jing-song, TANG Qing-jiu, TANG Chuan-hong Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agriculture Sciences Research and Development Center of Natural Medicinal Resources, Shanghai Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Shanghai 201106, P.R. China

Qualitative and quantitative analyses of the total flavones in ethanol-water extracts of Phellinus spp. have been undertaken using UV- and NaNO_ 2 -Al(NO_ 3 )_ 3 -based colorimetric assays. Both methods showed high levels of precision, reproducibility and recovery, and a linear relationship between absorbance value and flavone concentration over specified ranges. Both assays appear equally valid for determining the total flavone content of Phellinus spp.

关键词： flavones Phellinus spp Qualitative and quantitative assay

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Research Progress of Total flavones in Marchantia convoluta

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农业生物技术：英文版 2017年第5期6卷 35-37页

作者： Pingfeng Li Peng LI Li LI Fengfeng XIE Hua ZHU Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine Nanning 530001China

According to the literature retrieval,the composition,detection method,preparation method and product development of total flavones in Marchantia convoluta were reviewed and prospected. This paper will provide a theor... 详细信息

关键词： Marchantia convoluta flavones Research progress

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Immunoregulatory Effects of Sanguis Draconis flavones on Mouse Spleen Lymphocytes

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Medicinal Plant 2019年第3期10卷 49-52页

作者： Dewu JIA Dongrui XU Deyun JIA Rui LI Department of Pharmacy First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei230032China School of International Education Anhui Xinhua UniversityHefei230061China Anhui Academy of Medical Sciences Hefei230061China

[Objectives] This study aimed to study the effects of Sanguis Draconis flavones( SDF) on the immune regulation of mouse spleen lymphocytes. [Methods]A total of 60 BALB/c male mice were evenly and randomly divided into normal control group,model group,positive group,and high,middle and low-dose SDF groups. The mice in the model group were injected intraperitoneally with cyclophosphamide to establish mouse immunosuppressive model. The mice in the other groups were intragastrically administered at the respective doses,and the body weight was weighed once a week during the administration period. After 30 d of administration,the thymus and spleen indexes,the spleen lymphocyte proliferation ability,the NK cell activity,and the IL-2,IL-4 and INF-γ contents in the culture supernatant were measured. [Results]SDF could significantly increase the thymus and spleen indexes and improve the spleen lymphocyte proliferation ability and NK cell activity of the mice,as well as increasing the IL-2 and INF-γ contents and reducing the IL-4 content in spleen lymphocyte suspension culture. [Conclusions] SDF have good immunoregulatory effect.

关键词： Sanguis Draconis flavones Immune organ index NK cells IL-2

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Structure of flavones and Flavonols. Part II: Role of Position on the O-H Bond Dissociation Enthalpy

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Computational Chemistry 2014年第1期2卷 1-5页

作者： Maria Hr. Vakarelska-Popovska Zhivko As. Velkov Department of Chemistry South-West University “NeofitRilski” Blagoevgrad Bulgaria.

The enthalpies of bond dissociations of the hydroxyl groups, the energy of the highest occupied molecular orbitals and the corresponding radicals spin densities of all possible ten isomeric mono-hydroxyl flavones are calculated by means of 3-parameter Becke, Lee, Yang and Parr functional. The structural factors affecting these descriptors of radical-scavenging activity are outlined. The results obtained show that the hydroxyl groups in ring A and C are more involved in the process of a radical-capturing than recently believed.

关键词： DFT BDE EHOMO Maximum Spin Density flavones Flavonols

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LC-MS/MS analysis and pharmacokinetic study on five bioactive constituents of Tanreqing injection in rats

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Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 2016年第10期14卷 769-775页

作者： ZHANG Feng SUN Liang GAO Shou-Hong CHEN Wan-Sheng CHAI Yi-Feng Department of Pharmacy Changzheng HospitalSecond Military Medical University Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis School of Pharmacy Second Military Medical University Department of Pharmacy The 98th Hospital of PLA

Tanreqing injection(TRQ), a well-known traditional Chinese medicine formula, is commonly used to treat respiratory diseases. In the present study, a rapid, selective, and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated to simultaneously determinate the plasma contents of 5 major constituents of TRQ, including chlorogenic acid(CHA), caffeic acid(CFA), baicalin(BA), ursodeoxycholic acid(UDCA) and chenodeoxycholic acid(CDCA) in rats after intravenous administration of TRQ. Chromatographic separation was performed on an Agilent Zorbax SB-C_(18) column(3.5 μm, 100 mm × 2.1 mm), with acetonitrile and 0.1% aqueous formic acid as mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.3 m L·min^(^(-1)). The calibration curves were linear over the ranges of 27.0–13 333.0 ng·m L^(-1) for CFA, 30.0–14 933.0 ng·m L^(-1) for CHA, 50.0–50 333.0 ng·m L^(-1) for BA, 550.0–55 000.0 ng·m L^(-1) for UDCA, and 480.0–48 000.0 ng·m L^(-1) for CDCA, respectively. Intra- and inter-day precisions(relative standard deviations, RSDs) were from 3.11% to 14.08%. The extraction recoveries were greater than 71% and accuracy(relative recovery) was from 89% to 137% for all analytes, except endogenous bile acids. This validated method was successfully applied to the first pharmacokinetic study of CFA, CHA, BA, UDCA and CDCA in rat plasma after intravenous administration of TRQ.

关键词： Tanreqing Injection flavones Phenolic acids Bile acids Pharmacokinetics

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Effect of Oenanthe javanica flavone on human and duck hepatitis B virus infection

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2005年第5期26卷 587-592页

作者： Wei-na WANG~2,Xin-bo YANG~(3.6),He-zhi LIU~4,Zheng-ming HUANG~(5,6),Guang-xia WU~2 ~2Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100084 ~3Institute of Gerontology,General Hospital of PLA,Beijing 100853 ~4Insititute for Drug and Instrument Control of Health Dept GLD of PLA,Beijing 100071 ~5The 302th Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100039,China Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Institute of Gerontology General Hospital of PLA Beijing China Insititute for Drug and Instrument Control of Health Dept GLD of PLA Beijing China The 302th Hospital of PLA Beijing China

Aim:To study the antiviral effect of Oenanthejavanica flavones（OjF）on humanhepatoma HepG2.2.15 culture system and duck hepatitis B virus（DHBV）infection.Methods:（1）After incubation for 24 h,the 2.2.15 cells were treated with differentconcentrations of OjF for 12 d.The cell alteration was observed by microscope.The presence of HBsAg and HBeAg were measured using the enzyme immunoas-say kit after 2.2.15 cells were treated with OjF for 9d.（2）Ducklings infected withDHBV intravenously were divided into 5 groups and treated with OjF,acyclovir（ACV）,and normal saline respectively for 10 d.All the ducklings were bled before,during,and after treatments at different times,and serum levels of DHBV-DNAwere detected by a dot-blot hybridization assay.Results:（1）The 50% toxicconcentration(TC50)of OjF was 2.28 g/L.The maximum nontoxic concentration（TC0）was 1.00 g/L.In nontoxic concentrations,OjF significantly inhibited HBsAgand HBeAg in 2.2.15 cells after 9 d of treatment（P<0.05,P<0.01）.（2）The DHBV-DNA levels decreased significantly alter the treatment with 0.50 and 1.00g/kg ofOjF（P<0.01）.The inhibition of the peak of viremia was maximum at a dose of 1.00g/kg and reached 54.3% on d 5 and 64.5% on d 10,respectively.Conclusion:Theresults demonstrate that OjF is a strong inhibitor of HBsAg and HBeAg secretionin 2.2.15 cells and DHBV-DNA levels in the HBV-infected duck model.

关键词： Oenanthe javanica flavones hepatitis B virus 2.2.15 cells Duck hepatitis B virus antiviral agents

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