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fatalism in Thomas Hardy's Jude the Obscure

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校园英语 2014年第24期 191-191页

作者： Sun Gengmei Zhou Juntao College of Foreign Languages Hebei North University

Hardy is distinguished for his deep understanding of human nature and his insight of human life and *** paper will make an exploration about the theme of Jude the Obscure,which conveys the strong sense of fatalism,to ... 详细信息

关键词： fatalism tragic destiny

Assessing preventive health behaviors from COVID-19:a cross sectional study with health belief model in Golestan Province,Northern of Iran

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2020年第6期9卷 91-99页

作者： Hossein Shahnazi Maryam Ahmadi-Livani Bagher Pahlavanzadeh Abdolhalim Rajabi Mohammad Shoaib Hamrah Abdurrahman Charkazi Department of Health Education and Promotion School of HealthIsfahan University of Medical SciencesIsfahanIran Faculty of Health Golestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran Department of Biostatistics School of Allied Medical SciencesShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Faculty of Health Environmental Health Research CenterGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran Center for Rural Health School of Health SciencesUniversity of TasmaniaHobartAustralia Faculty of Health Environmental Health Research CenterLate Falsefi University ComplexKM 5of Gorgan-Sari RoadGolestanIran

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is a new viral disease that has caused a pandemic in the *** to the lack of vaccines and definitive treatment,preventive behaviors are the only way to overcome the ***,the present study aimed to determine the preventive behaviors from the disease based on constructs of the health belief ***:: In the present cross-sectional study during March 11–16,2020,750 individuals in Golestan Province of Iran were included in the study using the convenience sampling and they completed the questionnaires through *** scores were calculated using the confirmatory factor *** effects of different factors were separately investigated using the univariate analyses,including students sample t-test,ANOVA,and simple linear ***,the effective factors were examined by the multiple regression analysis at a significant level of 0.05 and through Mplus 7 and SPSS ***: The participants’mean age was 33.9±9.45 years;and 57.1%of them had associate and bachelor's *** regression indicated that the mean score of preventive behavior from COVID-19 was higher in females than males,and greater in urban dwellers than rural ***,one unit increase in the standard deviation of factor scores of self-efficacy and perceived benefits increased the scores of preventive behavior from COVID-19 by 0.22 and 0.17 units *** the contrary,one unit increase in the standard deviation of factor score of perceived barriers and fatalistic beliefs decreased the scores of the preventive behavior from COVID-19 by 0.36 and 0.19 units ***: Results: of the present study indicated that female gender,perceived barriers,perceived self-efficacy,fatalistic beliefs,perceived interests,and living in city had the greatest preventive behaviors from COVID-19 *** interventions were necessary among males and villagers.

关键词： COVID-19 Health belief model fatalism Preventive behavior Iran

Attitudes, Knowledge, and Perceptions of Patients Regarding Type-2 Diabetes in Jordan

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2019年第1期9卷 1-13页

作者： Amer Al-Sahouri Joy Merrell Sherrill Snelgrove College of Human and Health Sciences Swansea University Swansea UK

Introduction: Poorly controlled Type 2 diabetes is considered a major public health problem and associated with adverse outcomes in Jordan. Good diabetes knowledge may facilitate adaptation of healthy behaviors and improve patients’ adherence to their diabetes management plans. Purpose: To gain an in-depth understanding of attitudes, perceptions and knowledge of patients which underpin their behaviors in Jordan. Methods: 8 focus groups with 38 patients with poorly controlled Type 2 diabetes were conducted. The focus group sessions were audio recorded and transcribed. Thematic analysis was employed to analyze the qualitative data. All transcripts were uploaded into the qualitative data analysis software pack NVivo. Results: Patients reported the different ways in which they were diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes. Most of the patients visited the health facility after experiencing signs and symptoms of diabetes, often for some time before seeking medical help. Stress and family history were perceived as causes of developing diabetes and reasons for poorly controlled diabetes. Fatalistic beliefs were shared when the patients were talking about the causes of diabetes, the reasons for developing diabetes and their inability to control their blood glucose levels. Patients also associated fatalistic attitudes with religious beliefs and the power of God as illness being in God’s hands. Patients’ responses also showed a poor understanding of the basic knowledge of diabetes. Conclusions: Effective health education programs need to be tailored to meet the individual needs of patients. Patients need to be provided with accurate information about medications, side effects and therapeutic effects. An educational program may rectify misconceptions among

关键词： Type 2 Diabetes Attitude Knowledge Adherence fatalism

An analysis of the Origins of Tess' Tragedy

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海外英语 2013年第18期 226-227,229页

作者：张宝元定西师范高等专科学校外语系甘肃定西743000

The thesis analyzes the origins of Tess' tragedy both from external and internal factors, with a view to point out that her tragic fate is inevitable. Being related with the author'pessimistic fatalism, Tess' tragedy ... 详细信息

关键词： Tragedy Tess Pessimistic fatalism

Analysis on Causes of Tess' Tragic Life

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海外英语 2015年第10期 161-162页

作者：白雪松海南大学外国语学院

Tess of the D'Urbervilles was written by Thomas Hardy who was a famous critical realistic writer at the turn of the 19 thcentury in *** of the D'Urbervilles is the most influential one of all his *** novel describes a tragic life about abeautiful girl after *** paper analyses what cause Tess' s tragic *** first part is an introduction of Tess of the D'Urb-ervilles and its writer Thomas *** then is the analysis on the causes of her tragic life —characters of Tess,Society Influ-ence and influence of Pessimism & fatalism of *** Tess fought with the society,as a common person she is helpless atthat *** the end,she turned out to be the sacrificial victim of society like all other things which disobey the morality and ethic.

关键词： Thomas Hardy Tess’ s characters tragedy society influence pessimism and fatalism

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莱蒙托夫后期创作中的东西方问题

外国文学研究 2014年第12期 142-150页

作者：尤·洛特曼

东方主题以及东方文化形象贯穿莱蒙托夫创作的始终。这是因为受到多种激励因素综合影响的缘故：从欧洲浪漫主义中普遍存在的“东方”情结到诗人的生活经历以及“东方问题”在19世纪30－40年代俄罗斯政治生活中的地位。在诗人的晚期作品... 详细信息

东方主题以及东方文化形象贯穿莱蒙托夫创作的始终。这是因为受到多种激励因素综合影响的缘故：从欧洲浪漫主义中普遍存在的“东方”情结到诗人的生活经历以及“东方问题”在19世纪30－40年代俄罗斯政治生活中的地位。在诗人的晚期作品中东西方主题获得了类型化的特点。俄罗斯文化被视为介于东方和西方之间的第三种文化。正是这种文化位置的中间性使俄罗斯成为一种综合文化的载体。文化类型问题涵盖了莱蒙托夫创作过程中的一整套思想观点。

关键词：东西方问题民族文化类型宿命论 “欧化的俄国人” 中间性 issue of the Orient and the West type of national culture fatalism "the Europeanized Russians" betweenness

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自由与自然必然性的对立

伦理学 2018年第10期

作者： H.F.克勒梅

为了进一步澄清康德伦理学的立场，作者将康德伦理学置于一场命定论与任意论的争论之中。伽尔韦尝试在一种怀疑论的不可知论立场上调和这两种观点，认为由于我们能够确信德性的实在性，所以作为现实的自然必然性和作为道德之前提的自由... 详细信息

为了进一步澄清康德伦理学的立场，作者将康德伦理学置于一场命定论与任意论的争论之中。伽尔韦尝试在一种怀疑论的不可知论立场上调和这两种观点，认为由于我们能够确信德性的实在性，所以作为现实的自然必然性和作为道德之前提的自由这两种立场必定能够结合起来，在这里需要负责的并不是道德的现实性，而是我们思辨能力的不足。而康德却与此相反，他认为，伽尔韦这种基于怀疑主义的自然与自由的相容论在论证上和命定论之间有着某种关联。如果道德哲学不能合法地肯定自由的现实性，那么命定论者就能够理所当然地占有这块领地，道德哲学就处在危险的境地之中。因此，康德运用一种在诉讼中使用的“授权”和“演绎”方法，将论证负担交给对手，即不是直接证明自由的现实性，而是要求命定论者在事实上证明自由的不可能性。而根据先验观念论对思辨理性的批判，后者的论证是不可能完成的。因此，道德哲学就能够通过对自由概念在道德领域中的运用这一实践判断而非事实判断，完成对自由的合法肯定。

关键词：命定论任意论自由演绎 fatalism indifferentism freedom deduction

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传染病议题风险感知的三重动因