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Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping of Maize Yield and Its Components Under Different Water Treatments at flowering time

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2006年第10期48卷 1233-1243页

作者： Gui-He Lu Ji-Hua Tang Jian-Bing Yan Xi-Qing Ma Jian-Sheng Li Shao-Jiang Chen Jian-Cang Ma Zhan-Xian Liu Li-Zhu E Yi-Rong Zhang Jing-Rui Dai The National Maize Improvement Center of China China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 China Industrial Crop Institute Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences Fenyang 032200 Shanxi China Zhangye Maize Seed Farm Zhangye 734024 Gansu China

Drought or water stress is a serious agronomic problem resulting in maize （Zea mays L.） yield loss throughout the world. Breeding hybrids with drought tolerance is one important approach for solving this problem. However, lower efficiency and a longer period of breeding hybrids are disadvantages of traditional breeding programs. It is generally recognized that applying molecular marker techniques to traditional breeding programs could improve the efficiency of the breeding of drought-tolerant maize. To provide useful information for use in studies of maize drought tolerance, the mapping and tagging of quantitative trait loci （QTL） for yield and its components were performed in the present study on the basis of the principle of a mixed linear model. Two hundred and twenty-one recombinant inbred lines （RIL） of Yuyu 22 were grown under both well-watered and water-stressed conditions. In the former treatment group, plants were well irrigated, whereas those in the latter treatment group were stressed at flowering time. Ten plants of each genotype were grown in a row that was 3.00 m × 0.67 m （length × width）. The results show that a few of the QTL were the same （one additive QTL for ear length, two additive QTL and one pair of epistatic QTL for kernel number per row, one additive QTL for kernel weight per plant）, whereas most of other QTL were different between the two different water treatment groups. It may be that genetic expression differs under the two different water conditions. Furthermore, differences in the additive and epistatic QTL among the traits under water-stressed conditions indicate that genetic expression also differs from trait to trait. Major and minor QTL were detected for the traits, except for kernel number per row, under water-stressed conditions. Thus, the genetic mechanism of drought tolerance in maize is complex because the additive and epistatic QTL exist at the same time and the major and minor QTL all contribute to phenotype under water-stres

关键词： flowering time maize (Zea mays) quantitative trait loci mapping water treatment yield and its components

Divergence in flowering time is a major component contributing to reproductive isolation between two wild rice species(Oryza rufipogon and O. nivara)

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2020年第11期63卷 1714-1724页

作者： Xun Xu Qing-Lin Meng Mu-Fan Geng Ning-Ning Ren Lian Zhou Yu-Su Du Zhe Cai Mei-Xia Wang Xin Wang Xiu-Hua Wang Jing-Dan Han Shuai Jiang Chun-Yan Jing Rong Liu Xiao-Ming Zheng Qing-Wen Yang Fu-Min Zhang Song Ge State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

It is of critical importance for our understanding of speciation process to determine the forms of reproductive isolation and their relative importance in species divergence. Oryza nivara and O. rufipogon are direct ancestors of Asian cultivated rice and a progenitor-daughter species pair. Investigating the reproductive isolation between them provides insights into plant speciation and helps understanding of the rice domestication. Here, we quantitatively measured the major components of reproductive isolation between the two species based on common garden and crossing experiments for three pairs of sympatric populations in Nepal, Cambodia and *** revealed significant differences in the flowering times between species pairs, with O. nivara flowering much earlier than O. rufipogon. A very weak reduction in seed set but no reduction in F1 viability and fertility were detected for the crosses between species relative to those within species. Moreover, we detected asymmetrical compatibility between species and found that emasculation significantly decreased pollination success in O. nivara but not in O. *** study demonstrates that the divergence between O. nivara and O. rufipogon is maintained almost entirely by the difference in flowering times and suggests that differential flowering times contribute to both habitat preferences and reproductive isolation between species.

关键词： reproductive isolation flowering time speciation adaptation Oryza species

GmAP1d regulates flowering time under long-day photoperiods in soybean

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The Crop Journal 2024年第3期12卷 845-855页

作者： Shiyu Guo Yanfei Li Hongmei Qiu Guoyu Hu Chaosen Zhao Ruizhen Wang Hao Zhang Yu Tian Xiaoyu Li Bin Liu Ying-hui Li Li-juan Qiu College of Agriculture Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030HeilongjiangChina State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding/The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement(NFCRI)/Key Laboratory of Grain Crop Genetic Resources Evaluation and Utilization(MARA) Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Engineering Research Center for Soybean Changchun 130033JilinChina Crop Research Institute Anhui Academy of Agricultural SciencesHefei 230031AnhuiChina Crops Research Institute of Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Oilcrops Biology Nanchang 330200JiangxiChina Key Lab of Chinese Medicine Resources Conservation State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People’s Republic of ChinaInstitute of Medicinal Plant DevelopmentChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100193China

flowering time is important for adaptation of soybean(Glycine max)to different ***,we conducted a genome-wide association study of flowering time using a panel of 1490 cultivated soybean *** identified three strong signals at the qFT02-2 locus(Chr02:12037319–12238569),which were associated with flowering time in three environments:Gongzhuling,Mengcheng,and *** analyzing linkage disequilibrium,gene expression patterns,gene annotation,and the diversity of variants,we identified an AP1 homolog as the candidate gene for the qFT02-2 locus,which we named *** one nonsynonymous polymorphism existed among 1490 soybean accessions at position Chr02:*** carrying the Chr02:12087053-T allele flowered significantly earlier than those carrying the Chr02:12087053-A ***,we developed a cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence(CAPS)marker for the SNP at Chr02:12087053,which is suitable for marker-assisted breeding of flowering *** of GmAP1d in the‘Williams 82’background by gene editing promoted flowering under long-day conditions,confirming that GmAP1d is the causal gene for *** analysis of the region surrounding GmAP1d revealed that GmAP1d was artificially selected during the genetic improvement of *** stepwise selection,the proportion of modern cultivars carrying the Chr02:12087053-T allele has increased,and this allele has become nearly fixed(95%)in northern *** findings provide a theoretical basis for better understanding the molecular regulatory mechanism of flowering time in soybean and a target gene that can be used for breeding modern soybean cultivars adapted to different latitudes.

关键词： Soybean flowering time GWAS GmAP1d Long-day conditions

Molecular mechanism of flowering time regulation in Brassica rapa:similarities and differences with Arabidopsis

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第3期10卷 615-628页

作者： Na Li Rui Yang Shuxing Shen Jianjun Zhao State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of HebeiCollaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in HebeiCollege of HorticultureHebei Agricultural UniversityBaodingHebei 071000China

Properly regulated flowering time is pivotal for successful plant *** floral transition from vegetative growth to reproductive growth is regulated by a complex gene regulatory network that integrates environmental signals and internal conditions to ensure that flowering takes place under favorable *** rapa is a diploid Cruciferae species that includes several varieties that are cultivated as vegetable or oil *** time is one of the most important agricultural traits of *** crops because of its influence on yield and *** transition to flowering in *** is regulated by several environmental and developmental cues,which are perceived by several signaling pathways,including the vernalization pathway,the autonomous pathway,the circadian clock,the thermosensory pathway,and gibberellin(GA)*** signals are integrated to control the expression of floral integrators BrFTs and BrSOC1s to regulate *** this review,we summarized current research advances on the molecular mechanisms that govern flowering time regulation in *** and compare this to what is known in Arabidopsis.

关键词： flowering time Brassica rapa Vernalization Photoperiod

Accession-specific flowering time variation in response to nitrate fluctuation in Arabidopsis thaliana

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Plant Diversity 2021年第1期43卷 78-85页

作者： Fei-Hong Yan Li-Ping Zhang Fang Cheng Dong-Mei Yu Jin-Yong Hu CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming650201China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

flowering time,a key transition point from vegetative to reproductive growth,is regulated by an intrinsic complex of endogenous and exogenous signals including nutrient *** hundreds of years,nitrogen has been well known to modulate flowering time,but the molecular genetic basis on how plants adapt to ever-changing nitrogen availability remains not fully *** we explore how Arabidopsis natural variation in flowering time responds to nitrate *** nitrate availability change,we detect accession-and photoperiod-specific flowering responses,which also feature a accession-specific dependency on growth *** flowering time variation correlates well with the expression of floral integrators,SOC1 and FT,in an accession-specific *** find that gene expression variation of key hub genes in the photoperiod-circadian-clock(GI),aging(SPLs)and autonomous(FLC)pathways associates with the expression change of these integrators,hence flowering time *** results thus shed light on the molecular genetic mechanisms on regulation of accession-and photoperiod-specific flowering time variation in response to nitrate availability.

关键词： Nitrate Arabidopsis thaliana Photoperiod Natural variation flowering time Gene expression

A Domestication-Associated Gene GmPRR3b Regulates the Circadian Clock and flowering time in Soybean

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Molecular Plant 2020年第5期13卷 745-759页

作者： Cong Li Ying-hui Li Yanfei Li Hongfeng Lu Huilong Hong Yu Tian Hongyu Li Tao Zhao Xiaowei Zhou Jun Liu Xinan Zhou Scott A.Jackson Bin Liu Li-juan Qiu The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement(NFCRI) Institute of Crop ScienceChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijingP.R.China Novogene Bioinformatics Institute BeijingP.R.China Key Laboratory of Oil Crop Biology(MOA) Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agriculture SciencesWuhanChina Center for Applied Genetic Technologies University of GeorgiaAthensGAUSA

Improved soybean cultivars have been adapted to grow at a wide range of latitudes,enabling expansion of cultivation ***,the genetic basis of this broad adaptation is still not ***,we report the identification of GmPRR3b as a major flowering time regulatory gene that has been selected during domestication and genetic improvement for geographic *** a genome-wide association study of a diverse soybean landrace panel consisting of 279 accessions,we identified 16 candidate quantitative loci associated with flowering time and maturity *** strongest signal resides in the known flowering gene E2,verifying the effectiveness of our *** detected strong signals associated with both flowering and maturity time in a genomic region containing *** analysis revealed that GmPRR3bH6 is the major form of GmPRR3b that has been utilized during recent breeding of modern *** profiling analysis showed that GmPRR3bH6 displays rhythmic and photoperiod-dependent expression and is preferentially induced under long-day *** of GmPRR3bH6 increased main stem node number and yield,while knockout of GmPRR3bH6 using CRISPR/Cas9 technology delayed growth and the floral ***3bH6 appears to act as a transcriptional repressor of multiple predicted circadian clock genes,including GmCCAIa,which directly upregulates J/GmELF3a to modulate flowering *** causal SNP(Chr12:5520945)likely endows GmPRR3bH6 a moderate but appropriate level of activity,leading to early flowering and vigorous growth traits preferentially selected during broad adaptation of landraces and improvement of cultivars.

关键词： flowering time soybean landrace domestication genome-wide association study GmPRR3b circadian clock

The Genetic Architecture of flowering time and Photoperiod Sensitivity in Maize as Revealed by QTL Review and Meta Analysis

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2012年第6期54卷 358-373页

作者： Jie Xu Yaxi Liu Jian Liu Moju Cao Jing Wang Hai Lan Yunbi Xu Yanli Lu Guangtang Pan Tingzhao Rong Maize Research Institute Sichuan Agricultural UniversityWenjiang 611130SichuanChina Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region Ministry of AgricultureChina Triticeae Research Institute Sichuan Agricultural UniversityWenjiang 611130SichuanChina Institute of Crop Sciences National Key Facilities for Crop Genetic Resources and ImprovementChinese Academy of Agricultura SciencesBeijing 100081China International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT) El Batan 56130TexcocoMexico

The control of flowering is not only important for reproduction, but also plays a key role in the processes of domestication and adaptation. To reveal the genetic architecture for flowering time and photoperiod sensitivity, a comprehensive evaluation of the relevant literature was performed and followed by meta analysis. A total of 25 synthetic con- sensus quantitative trait loci （QTL） and four hot-spot genomic regions were identified for photoperiod sensitivity including 11 genes related to photoperiod response or flower morphogenesis and development. Besides, a comparative analysis of the QTL for flowering time and photoperiod sensitivity highlighted the regions containing shared and unique QTL for the two traits. Candidate genes associated with maize flowering were identified through integrated analysis of the homologous genes for flowering time in plants and the consensus QTL regions for photoperiod sensitivity in maize （Zea mays L.）. Our results suggest that the combination of literature review, meta-analysis and homologous blast is an efficient approach to identify new candidate genes and create a global view of the genetic architecture for maize photoperiodic flowering. Sequences of candidate genes can be used to develop molecular markers for various models of marker-assisted selection, such as marker-assisted recurrent selection and genomic selection that can contribute significantly to crop environmental adaptation.

关键词： Maize flowering time photoperiod sensitivity meta-analysis consensus quantitative trait loci (cQTL) molecular breeding.

GhAP1-D3 positively regulates flowering time and early maturity with no yield and fiber quality penalties in upland cotton

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2023年第4期65卷 985-1002页

作者： Caixiang Wang Juanjuan Liu Xiaoyu Xie Ji Wang Qi Ma Pengyun Chen Delong Yang Xiongfeng Ma Fushun Hao Junji Su State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science College of Life Science and TechnologyGansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou 730070China State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology College of Life ScienceHenan UniversityKaifeng 475004China Cotton Research Institute Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation ScienceShihezi 832000China State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesAnyang 455000China

flowering time(FTi)is a major factor determining how quickly cotton plants reach *** maturity greatly affects lint yield and fiber quality and is crucial for mechanical harvesting of cotton in northwestern ***,few quantitative trait loci(QTLs)or genes regulating early maturity have been reported in cotton,and the underlying regulatory mechanisms are largely *** this study,we characterized 152,68,and 101 loci that were significantly associated with the three key early maturity traits—FTi,flower and boll period(FBP)and whole growth period(WGP),respectively,via four genome-wide association study methods in upland cotton(Gossypium hirsutum).We focused on one major early maturity-related genomic region containing three single nucleotide polymorphisms on chromosome D03,and determined that GhAP1-D3,a gene homologous to Arabidopsis thaliana APETALA1(AP1),is the causal locus in this *** plants overexpressing GhAP1-D3 showed significantly early flowering and early maturity without penalties for yield and fiber quality compared to wild-type(WT)*** contrast,the mutant lines of GhAP1-D3 generated by genome editing displayed markedly later flowering than the ***1-D3 interacted with GhSOC1(SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS 1),a pivotal regulator of FTi,both in vitro and in *** in GhAP1-D3 transcript levels clearly affected the expression of multiple key flowering regulatory ***,DNA hypomethylation and high levels of H3K9ac affected strong expression of GhAP1-D3 in early-maturing cotton *** propose that epigenetic modifications modulate GhAP1-D3 expression to positively regulate FTi in cotton through interaction of the encoded GhAP1 with GhSOC1 and affecting the transcription of multiple flowering-related *** findings may also lay a foundation for breeding early-maturing cotton varieties in the future.

关键词： upland cotton early maturity genome‐wide association studies QTL AP1 flowering time

Multiplex CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout of soybean LNK2 advances flowering time

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The Crop Journal 2021年第4期9卷 767-776页

作者： Zhaobo Li Qun Cheng Zhuoran Gan Zhihong Hou Yuhang Zhang Yongli Li Haiyang Li Haiyang Nan Cen Yang Linnan Chen Sijia Lu Wenqian Shi Liyu Chen Yanping Wang Chao Fang Liping Kong Tong Su Shichen Li Kun Kou Lingshuang Wang Fanjiang Kong Baohui Liu Lidong Dong The Innovative Academy of Seed Design Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Design BreedingNortheast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of SciencesHarbin 130102HeilongjiangChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100081China Innovation Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution School of Life SciencesGuangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006GuangdongChina Agronomy College of Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University Daqing 163319HeilongjiangChina National Center for Soybean Improvement National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm EnhancementJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop ProductionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095JiangsuChina Mudanjiang Branch Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesMudanjiang 157000HeilongjiangChina

flowering time is an important agronomic trait for soybean yield and adaptation. However, the genetic basis of soybean adaptation to diverse latitudes is still not clear. Four NIGHT LIGHT-INDUCIBLE AND CLOCK-REGULATED 2(LNK2) homeologs of Arabidopsis thaliana LNK2 were identified in soybean. Three single-guide RNAs were designed for editing the four LNK2 genes. A transgene-free homozygous quadruple mutant of the LNK2 genes was developed using the CRISPR(clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)/Cas9(CRISPR-associated protein 9). Under long-day(LD) conditions, the quadruple mutant flowered significantly earlier than the wild-type(WT). Quantitative real-time PCR(q RT-PCR)revealed that transcript levels of LNK2 were significantly lower in the quadruple mutant than in the WT under LD conditions. LNK2 promoted the expression of the legume-specific E1 gene and repressed the expression of FT2 a. Genetic markers were developed to identify LNK2 mutants for soybean *** results indicate that CRISPR/Cas9-mediated targeted mutagenesis of four LNK2 genes shortens flowering time in soybean. Our findings identify novel components in flowering-time control in soybean and may be beneficial for further soybean breeding in high-latitude environments.

关键词： Soybean LNK2 CRISPR/Cas9 Genome editing flowering time