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Frontiers of Education in China 2019年第2期14卷 309-332页

作者： Xumei FAN Robert JOHNSON Jin LIU Xuegang ZHANG Xiumei LIU Tiejun ZHANG Department of Educational Studies University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC 29208USA Department of English Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266071China School of Law and Humanities China University of Mining and TechnologyBeijing 100083China

The purpose of this study was to compare pre-service teachers’views of ethical issues in assessment practices in the US and *** group interviews were conducted among 16 pre-service teachers from the US and 15 pre-service teachers from *** indicated that the inclusion of effort in grading is a key issue for the pre-service teachers in both the US and *** pre-service teachers have more consistent views with experts regarding using multiple assessment methods and communications about ***-service teachers in both countries appeared to have consistent views with experts regarding the confidentiality and standardized test *** findings of this study can help build guidelines regarding ethical issues in classroom assessment.

关键词： pre-service teachers ethical issues classroom assessment focus groups

Perceptions of clinicians and research ethics boards regarding ethical issues in investigator‑initiated trials:a multicenter qualitative study in China

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Holistic Integrative Oncology 2024年第1期3卷 85-93页

作者： Jing Li Hongfan Yu Xing Wei Cheng Lei Jingyu Zhang Wen Zhou Sheraz Markar Lin Huang Shizhu Li Zhao Yan Qiuling Shi State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering College of Biomedical EngineeringChongqing Medical UniversityNo.1Medical College RoadYuzhong DistrictChongqing 400016People’s Republic of China School of Clinical Medicine Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical CollegeChongqingPeople’s Republic of China Department of Thoracic Surgery Sichuan Cancer Hospital&InstituteSichuan Cancer CenterSchool of MedicineUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduChina Surgical Interventional Trials Unit Nuffield Department of SurgeryUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery RigshospitaletCopenhagen University HospitalCopenhagenDenmark Chinese Anti-Cancer Association Block ANo.5Lanyuan RoadHuayuan New Technology Industrial ParkXiqing DistrictTianjin 300384People’s Republic of China School of Public Health Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingPeople’s Republic of China

Purpose This multicenter qualitative study aimed to explore the perceptions of clinicians and research ethics boards(REBs)regarding ethical issues in Investigator Initiated Trials(IITs).Methods Between February and April 2024,semi-structured interviews were conducted with 27 participants from 15 tertiary hospitals,including clinical doctors and members of *** were grouped and analyzed using a descriptive phenomenological *** Clinicians expressed challenges in navigating the formal review process due to limited access to information and unclear *** review highlighted a deficiency in research literacy among clinical investigators,leading to flawed study *** review revealed concerns about inadequate ethical awareness among clini-cians,resulting in failed ethical ***,delays in review processes and resource shortages were noted,hindering the efficient conduct of *** The findings underscore the need for comprehensive training programs to enhance clinicians’research literacy and ethical *** a comprehensive system to support IITs,including enhanced guidance and support from REBs,is essential to ensure the quality and integrity of IITs in China.

关键词： ethical issues Investigator-initiated trials Clinical researchers Research Ethics boards

Five Major ethical issues Concerning Extended Cognitive Technology

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Contemporary Social Sciences 2017年第2期2卷 143-152页

作者： Song Chunyan Weng yi Hunan Academy of Social Sciences the Center for Post–Doctoral Studies in Philosophy Hunan Normal University

Extended cognitive technology refers to technology that extends cognitive activity from the human brain,or body,to an external cognitive *** technology is best represented by the *** significantly benefiting humanity and social development,extended cognitive technology has also triggered a range of ethical *** paper first defines extended cognitive technology and analyzes related concepts,then explores five major ethical issues it *** regarding ethical governance are then proposed.

关键词： extended cognition extended cognitive technology ethical issues

The Environmental and ethical issues of Nuclear Power and Ionizing Radiation

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A) 2016年第11期5卷 580-598页

作者： Hayrettin Kilic The Green Think Tank of Turunch Foundation Hoboken N.J 07030 USA

As we enter the new millennium, population explosion, increasing worldwide energy demands and rapid global increase in ionizing radiation are all now threatening our fragile environment like no other time in known history. There is an urgent need for research and education to focus on the complex and direct link between ionizing radiation and its irreversible impact on the environment. Hence, nuclear energy and ionizing radiation issues can no longer be viewed in isolation. Historical facts and official reports prove that a code of ethics did not previously exist in nuclear industry： the risks of ionizing radiation are too great and unpredictable. Elimination of existing man-made ionizing radiation sources in this century is untenable and unsustainable. The intent of this paper is to review and demonstrate that ＇Atoms for Peace＇ is a false and unethical enterprise, and offers insights into the social and ethical aspects of ionizing radiation as a result of nuclear power development. The unethical nature of nuclear weapons, along with risk perception and ethical dilemmas of atom for peace, nuclear weapon tests, the International Atomic Energy Agency, the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, the International Court of Justice＇s opinion and the World Economic Forum-Global Risk Landscape will be discussed.

关键词： Nuclear energy ethical issues ionizing radiation.

Peritoneal carcinomatosis from advanced ovarian cancer: To treat or not to treat ethical issues suggested by a case study

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World Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2014年第1期3卷 14-20页

作者： Mirco Nacoti Elena Colombetti Maria Simonetta Spada Marco Ceresoli Luca Ansaloni Gianmariano Marchesi Luca Lorini Davide Corbella Federico Coccolini Anesthesia and Intensive Care Department Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital 24127 Bergamo Italy Centre for Bioethics Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore di Milano 20121 Milan Italy Clinical Psychology Unit Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital 24127 Bergamo Italy General Surgery Departement Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital 24127 Bergamo Italy

This article provides a brief description of an epithelial ovarian cancer （EOC） case （stage Ⅳ） treated with the association of complete CytoReductive Surgery and hy-pertermic intraPEritoneal chemotherapy （HIPEC）. The use of HIPEC in EOC makes theoretic sense in view of the high rates of recurrence following standard treat-ment, but there are no randomized clinical trial to date and HIPEC for these patients still represents a radical treatment where the choice of no treatment may be acceptable since defnitive cure is unlikely. We reviewed the entire decision making process considering the risk/beneft of the procedure in term of mortality/morbidity, the quality of life and the psychological profile of the patient 1 year after surgery. The platform World Health Organization-International Classification of Function-ing, Disability and Health that permits evaluation of the person in relation to the psycho-social context is pre-sented. A person-centred approach and assessment of health-related quality-of-life and disability in EOC survi-vors are of central importance for decision making.

关键词： Advanced epithelial ovarian cancer Perito-neal carcinomatosis Platform World Health Organiza-tion-International Classifcation of Functioning Disability and health ethical issues Hyperthemic intraperitoneal chemotherapy Health related quality of life

ethical issues IN ELT RESEARCH:PRACTITIONER’S PERSPECTIVES

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Chinese Journal of Applied Linguistics 2008年第3期31卷 93-99,128页

作者：程向莉武汉大学外国语学院

在阅读研究方法专著和国内学术期刊之后,笔者发现外语教师研究者对于科研伦理没有给予充分的关注。为了调查教师研究者对于研究对象知情权、是否采取局内人或局外人视角以及对研究素材的所属权等伦理问题的看法,笔者进行了小规模的问卷... 详细信息

在阅读研究方法专著和国内学术期刊之后,笔者发现外语教师研究者对于科研伦理没有给予充分的关注。为了调查教师研究者对于研究对象知情权、是否采取局内人或局外人视角以及对研究素材的所属权等伦理问题的看法,笔者进行了小规模的问卷调查和半结构性访谈。结果表明大部分教师研究者对英语教学科研中的伦理问题既不关注,又没有全面的认识。

关键词： ethical issues informed consent emic/etic perspecitves

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干细胞研究的伦理争议及对政策的影响

Development of Rehabilitation and Assistive Robots in China: Dilemmas and Solutions

科学技术哲学 2016年第5期 93-98页

作者：黄小茹

伦理问题一直是干细胞研究备受争议的关键问题，它源于干细胞研究与既有社会伦理观念的冲突，而社会对干细胞研究成果强烈的现实需求又会使得伦理问题在具体的社会情境中面临更加复杂的局面。在干细胞研究政策的演变、管理模式的形成中... 详细信息

伦理问题一直是干细胞研究备受争议的关键问题，它源于干细胞研究与既有社会伦理观念的冲突，而社会对干细胞研究成果强烈的现实需求又会使得伦理问题在具体的社会情境中面临更加复杂的局面。在干细胞研究政策的演变、管理模式的形成中，不同个体、各利益团体会基于自己的立场做出倾向性选择，在现有政治体制下进行博弈。而政策的变动、差异也反过来对干细胞领域的发展产生重要影响。

关键词：干细胞伦理争议干细胞政策 Stem cell ethical issues Stem cell policy

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Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong university(Science) 2023年第3期28卷 382-390页

作者：赵玲玲郭遥 Department of Public Administration Party School of CPC Hangzhou CommitteeHangzhou 310024China Institute of Medical Robotics Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China

China is rapidly becoming an aging society, leading to a signiﬁcant demand for chronic disease management and personalized healthcare. The development of rehabilitation and assistive robotics in China has gatheredsigniﬁcant attention not only in research ﬁelds but also in industries. Such robots aim to either guide patientsin completing therapeutic training or assist people with impaired functions in performing their daily *** the past decades, we have witnessed the advancement in rehabilitation and assistive robotics, with diversemechanical designs, functionalities, and purposes. However, the construction of dedicated regulations and policiesis relatively lagged compared with the ﬂourishing development in research ﬁelds. Moreover, these kinds of robotsare working or collaborating closely with human beings, bringing unprecedented considerations on ethical *** paper aims to provide an overview of major dilemmas in the development of rehabilitation and assistiverobotics in China and propose several potential solutions.

关键词： rehabilitation and assistive robotics therapeutic training and personal assistance regulation and laws ethical issues

Stem cell therapy for heart failure:Medical breakthrough,or dead end?

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2021年第4期13卷 236-259页

作者： Mathieu Rheault-Henry Ian White Diya Grover Rony Atoui Northern Ontario School of Medicine Sudbury P3E 2C6OntarioCanada Ross University School of Medicine St.Michael BB11093Barbados Division of Cardiac Surgery Health Sciences NorthNorthern Ontario School of MedicineSudbury P3E 3Y9OntarioCanada

Heart failure continues to be one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality *** infarction is the primary causative agent of chronic heart failure resulting in cardiomyocyte necrosis and the subsequent formation of fibrotic scar *** pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies focus on managing symptoms of heart failure yet remain unable to reverse the underlying *** transplantation usually cannot be relied on,as there is a major discrepancy between the availability of donors and *** a result,heart failure carries a poor prognosis and high mortality *** the heart lacks significant endogenous regeneration potential,novel therapeutic approaches have incorporated the use of stem cells as a vehicle to treat heart failure as they possess the ability to self-renew and differentiate into multiple cell lineages and *** review will discuss past,present,and future clinical trials,factors that influence stem cell therapy outcomes as well as ethical and safety *** and clinical studies have shown a wide spectrum of outcomes when applying stem cells to improve cardiac *** may reflect the infancy of clinical trials and the limited knowledge on the optimal cell type,dosing,route of administration,patient parameters and other important variables that contribute to successful stem cell ***,the field of stem cell therapeutics continues to advance at an unprecedented *** remain cautiously optimistic that stem cells will play a role in heart failure management in years to come.

关键词： Stem cells Heart failure Myocardial infarction Regeneration Remodeling ethical issues

Trends of Robot Application——ethical Response

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Modern Electronic Technology 2020年第2期4卷 7-10页

作者： Lunfei Li Jishou University JishouHunan416000China

With the rapid development of science and technology and the arrival of the information age,computer technology has also gained rapid development,and has a very wide application prospect in the current social *** at the same time,robots may also induce a variety of ethical problems,the existence of these ethical problems also affect the sustainable development of *** paper mainly aims at the change of robot application trend and related ethical issues,hoping to provide some reference for robot application and development.

关键词： Robots Application trends ethical issues