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A first comparison of bone histomorphometry in extant domestic horses(equus caballus)and a Pleistocene Indian wild horse(equus namadicus)

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Integrative Zoology 2020年第6期15卷 448-460页

作者： Marco ZEDDA Vijay SATHE Prateek CHAKRABORTY Maria Rita PALOMBO Vittorio FARINA Department of Veterinary Medicine University of SassariItaly Department of AIHC&Archaeology Deccan College Postgraduate and Research InstitutePuneIndia CNR-IGAG c/o Department of Earth SciencesSapienza UniversityRomaItaly

The microstructural features of the tissue of long bones subjected to different biomechanical stresses could be a helpful tool for a better understanding of locomotor behavior in extant and extinct mammals,including ***,few researches have attempted to describe the bone tissue of extinct *** our study,we analyze and compare the histomorphometric features of the bone tissue in extant modern horses,equus caballus,and equus namadicus,a Pleistocene Indian extinct wild *** number,position,and size of the osteons and Haversian canals of the bone tissue,classifiable as dense Haversian tissue,were considered for the *** results obtained highlight some differences between the analyzed species,*** having fewer and bigger osteons than *** microstructural differences may depend on the different lifestyles and environmental conditions characterizing the two *** results obtained suggest that comparing the biomechanical properties of extinct and modern horse species may provide indirect information on their paleoenvironment.

关键词： bone tissue equus caballus equus namadicus histomorphometry horse

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Trials for Gathering Information on an Unknown Peak in the GC-MS Spectra of Horse and Pony Hair Extracts

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Advances in Entomology 2021年第2期9卷 100-111页

作者： Maia Tsikolia Till Opatz Ulrich Kauhl Nurhayat Tabanca Betul Demirci Saundra H. TenBroeck Kenneth J. Linthicum Ulrich R. Bernier US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) Center for Medical Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology (CMAVE) Gainesville FL USA Nichbisi Scientific Research Center (NSRC) Mtskheta Georgia Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Mainz Mainz Germany US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) Subtropical Horticulture Research Station (SHRS) Miami FL USA Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of Pharmacy Anadolu University Eskisehir Turkey University of Florida’s Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (UF/IFAS) Horse Teaching Unit Gainesville FL USA

The volatile compounds from horse and pony hairs and skin were analyzed to determine bioactive molecules that are kairomones used for host location by blood-feeding diptera. In this study, horse and pony hair samples were extracted with organic solvents (pentane or hexane) and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (GC-MS) with closed electron ionization (CEI). Using the GC-MS analysis, we observed a compound peak, which could not be identified by comparison to mass spectra in the mass spectral library. This unknown compound was often the largest peak in the chromatogram and had a retention index and mass spectral fragmentation similar to nonanal. However, there were several differences in the fragmentation pattern. When compared to a nonanal reference standard, it was evident that this was a different compound. Hydrodistillation of pony hair was another extraction method to obtain the unknown component in higher concentrations. Analysis of this extract with GC-flame ionization detector (FID) with GC-MS confirmed the same unknown peak. Further experiments and analysis with the various mass spectroscopy tools gave the possible molecular ion with mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) 142, corresponding to the unknown component.

关键词： Nonanal Skin Emanation Insect Pests equus caballus equus ferus caballus Mass Spectroscopy Structure Elucidation

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