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Compositional and Hollow Engineering of Silicon Carbide/Carbon Microspheres as High-Performance Microwave Absorbing Materials with Good environmental tolerance

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第9期16卷 128-146页

作者： Lixue Gai Yahui Wang Pan Wan Shuping Yu Yongzheng Chen Xijiang Han Ping Xu Yunchen Du MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001People’s Republic of China Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Advanced Laser Technology College of Electronic EngineeringNational University of Defense TechnologyHefei 230037People’s Republic of China

Microwave absorbing materials(MAMs)characterized by high absorption efficiency and good environmental tolerance are highly desirable in practical *** silicon carbide and carbon are considered as stable MAMs under some rigorous conditions,while their composites still fail to produce satisfactory microwave absorption performance regardless of the improvements as compared with the ***,we have successfully implemented compositional and structural engineering to fabricate hollow Si C/C microspheres with controllable *** simultaneous modulation on dielectric properties and impedance matching can be easily achieved as the change in the composition of these *** formation of hollow structure not only favors lightweight feature,but also generates considerable contribution to microwave attenuation *** the synergistic effect of composition and structure,the optimized SiC/C composite exhibits excellent performance,whose the strongest reflection loss intensity and broadest effective absorption reach-60.8 dB and 5.1 GHz,respectively,and its microwave absorption properties are actually superior to those of most SiC/C composites in previous *** addition,the stability tests of microwave absorption capacity after exposure to harsh conditions and Radar Cross Section simulation data demonstrate that hollow SiC/C microspheres from compositional and structural optimization have a bright prospect in practical applications.

关键词： SiC/C composites Compositional engineering Hollow engineering Microwave absorption environmental tolerance

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Experiment meets biogeography:plants of river corridor distribution are not more stress tolerant but benefit less from more benign conditions elsewhere

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2010年第3期3卷 149-155页

作者： Markus Fischer Michael Burkart Vanessa Pasqualetto Mark van Kleunen Institute for Biochemistry and Biology University of PotsdamMaulbeerallee 1D-14469 PotsdamGermany Institute of Plant Sciences and Oeschger Centre University of BernAltenbergrain 21CH-3013 BernSwitzerland

Aims Factors limiting distributions of species are fundamental to ecology and evolution but have rarely been addressed experimentally for multiple *** conspicuous linear distribution patterns of plant species confined to river corridors in the Central European lowlands constitute an especially long-standing distribution *** experimentally tested our novel hypothesis that the tolerance of species to river corridor conditions is independent of the degree of confinement to river corridor habitats,but that species not confined to river corridors are better able to take advantage of the more benign non-river corridor *** We grew 42 herbaceous species differing in their confinement to river corridors in a common garden experiment on loamy soil typical for river corridor areas and sandy soil typical for non-river corridor areas,and with and without a flooding *** a subset of species,we grew plants of both river corridor and non-river corridor origin to test for adaptation to river corridor *** findings Species more confined to river corridor areas benefited less from the more benign non-flooded and non-river corridor soil conditions than species of wider distributional range *** subsets of 7 and 12 widespread species,the response to flooding and soil origin,respectively,did not differ between plants from river corridor sites and plants from other sites,suggesting that the habitat tolerance of widespread species is due to phenotypic plasticity rather than to local ***,we found clear support for our novel hypothesis that species not confined to river corridors are more able to take advantage of the more benign non-river corridor *** study provides a general hypothesis on differences between species confined to stressful habitats and widespread species out for test in further multispecies comparative experiments.

关键词： distributional patterns edaphic factors environmental tolerance flooding local adaptation multispecies experiment phenotypic plasticity

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Probing the growth and mechanical properties of Bacillus subtilis biofilms through genetic mutation strategies

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2022年第3期7卷 965-971页

作者： Suying Liu Jiaofang Huang Chen Zhang Lihua Wang Chunhai Fan Chao Zhong Division of Physical Biology and Bioimaging Center Shanghai Institute of Applied PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghaiChina State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghaiChina Institute of Physics Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne(EPFL)LausanneSwitzerland The Interdisciplinary Research Center Shanghai Advanced Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesZhangjiang LaboratoryShanghaiChina School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Institute of Molecular MedicineRenji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Center for Materials Synthetic Biology Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic BiologyShenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenChina CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic BiologyShenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenChina

Bacterial communities form biofilms on various surfaces by synthesizing a cohesive and protective extracellular matrix,and these biofilms protect microorganisms against harsh environmental *** subtilis is a widely used experimental species,and its biofilms are used as representative models of beneficial ***,*** biofilms are known to be rich in extracellular polymeric substances(EPS)and other biopolymers such as DNA and proteins like the amyloid protein TasA and the hydrophobic protein *** materials,which form an interconnected,cohesive,three-dimensional polymer network,provide the mechanical stability of biofilms and mediate their adherence to surfaces among other functional ***,we explored how genetically-encoded components specifically contribute to regulate the growth status,mechanical properties,and antibiotic resistance of *** biofilms,thereby establishing a solid empirical basis for understanding how various genetic engineering efforts are likely to affect the structure and function of *** noted discrete contributions to biofilm morphology,mechanical properties,and survival from major biofilm components such as EPS,TasA and *** example,EPS plays an important role in maintaining the stability of the mechanical properties and the antibiotic resistance of biofilms,whereas BslA has a significant impact on the resolution that can be obtained for printing *** work provides a deeper understanding of the internal interactions of biofilm components through systematic genetic *** thus not only broadens the application prospects of beneficial biofilms,but also serves as the basis of future strategies for targeting and effectively removing harmful biofilms.

关键词： Bacillus subtilis Biofilms Synthetic biology Living materials environmental tolerance

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高灵敏度,超宽响应范围,环境耐受性高的多模式离子凝胶基传感器

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Science China Materials 2023年第5期66卷 1899-1910页

作者：铁建飞毛志平张琳萍钟毅隋晓锋徐红 Key Lab of Science and Technology of Eco-textile Ministry of EducationCollege of ChemistryChemical Engineering and BiotechnologyInnovation Center for Textile Science and TechnologyDonghua UniversityShanghai 201620China National Manufacturing Innovation Center of Advanced Dyeing and Finishing Technology Taian 271000China

近年来,离子类皮肤传感器因其高性能和良好的兼容性等优点而备受关注.然而,开发一种多功能、稳定、高灵敏度和耐用的离子类皮肤传感器仍面临挑战.本文通过简单的紫外引发聚合制备了具有良好耐用性、环境(抗冻、耐真空)稳定性、离子导电... 详细信息

近年来,离子类皮肤传感器因其高性能和良好的兼容性等优点而备受关注.然而,开发一种多功能、稳定、高灵敏度和耐用的离子类皮肤传感器仍面临挑战.本文通过简单的紫外引发聚合制备了具有良好耐用性、环境(抗冻、耐真空)稳定性、离子导电性、自愈性、高粘附性和拉伸性的复合离子凝胶.该离子凝胶可以组装为应变、压力和温度传感器,用于检测外部环境的变化.无论是作为应变传感器还是压力传感器,离子凝胶基传感器都具有高灵敏度(GF=14.7)、宽响应范围(1%-1600%)、快速响应时同(95.8 ms)、优异的稳定性和可重复性(1000次).因此,它不仅可以追踪关节运动,还可以监测细微的表情变化(皱眉).该离子凝胶还可以组装成敲击传感器和高精度书写板传感器,用于信息传递.此外,该传感器对温度变化具有较高的灵敏度,温度感知范围在0-120℃之间,且检测阈值较低(0.1℃).因此,基于离子凝胶的传感器有望应用于多功能电子和传感设备.

关键词： stretchability environmental tolerance high sensitivity wide range strain/temperature sensor

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强健超弹的蜘蛛网状聚酰亚胺纤维基导电复合气凝胶用于极端温度下的线性压力传感器

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Science China Materials 2023年第7期66卷 2829-2842页

作者：杨文科刘虎杜厚义张旻悦王春枫尹锐潘曹峰刘春太申长雨 Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold(Zhengzhou University) Ministry of EducationNational Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing TechnologyZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450002China CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and SensorBeijing Institute of Nanoenergy and NanosystemsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101400China College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China China Astronaut Research and Training Center Beijing 100094China

压力传感器是人工触觉感应的基石.尽管人们对高性能压力传感器进行了广泛的研究,但解决传感器的高灵敏度、宽线性响应范围和宽工作温度范围仍然面临巨大挑战.在此,我们创新性地应用三乙胺实现了疏水聚酰亚胺纤维(PIFs)在碳纳米管(CNT)... 详细信息

压力传感器是人工触觉感应的基石.尽管人们对高性能压力传感器进行了广泛的研究,但解决传感器的高灵敏度、宽线性响应范围和宽工作温度范围仍然面临巨大挑战.在此,我们创新性地应用三乙胺实现了疏水聚酰亚胺纤维(PIFs)在碳纳米管(CNT)水溶液中的均匀分散,同时纤维的结构不会受到破坏,并利用冻干和热酰亚胺化技术制备了强健超弹的蜘蛛网状(PIF/CNT)导电复合气凝胶.该气凝胶作为压力传感器具有宽线性感应范围(0.01-53.34 kPa)、超低检测限(10 Pa)、高灵敏度(0.507 kPa^(-1))、快速响应/恢复时间(85/80 ms)、稳定的快速压缩响应(500 mm min^(-1))和优异的抗循环疲劳能力(5000次)等优异的传感性能.有限元分析表明,多级纤维网络有利于相邻的导电纤维之间的接触面积在外部压力下有明显的线性变化,使之表现出优异的线性传感性能.该传感器可用于人体生理和运动信号检测、电子皮肤和智能控制,且在极端温度(-100-300℃)下表现出出色的传感稳定性和热绝缘性,可用于极端太空环境下太空服和月球/火星栖息地充气结构的传感单元.本工作为开发下一代线性压力传感器提供了一个简单有效的方法.

关键词： polyimide fibre superelastic aerogel pressure sensor linear sensing environmental tolerance

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Success of native and invasive plant congeners depends on inorganic nitrogen compositions and levels

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2021年第2期14卷 202-212页

作者： Xi-Mei Geng Wei-Ming He State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Aims Successful plant invaders usually exhibit three strategies:Jack-of-all-trades(more robust in stressful sites),Master-of-some(more responsive in favorable sites)and Jack-and-master(both robustness and responsiveness).To revisit these strategies,we examined how soil inorganic nitrogen(N)compositions and levels influence the success of native and invasive plant congeners in the context of plant *** We conducted an experiment involving three fixed factors:species origin,N composition and N ***,we selected 21 plant species(eight pairs of invasive and native congeners and five non-congeneric natives)to assemble plant communities,which were subject to nine N environments consisting of three N compositions(3:1,2:2 and 1:3 NO3−/NH4+)and three N levels(low,medium and high N).We determined the following metrics:total biomass,relative biomass(a proxy of species success),mortality rate and mortality *** Findings Across nine N environments,native and invasive congeners exhibited similar total biomass,relative biomass and mortality time,but invaders had a marginally lower mortality rate than *** success between native and invasive congeners was linked to their similar growth and tolerance.N compositions influenced mortality time and N levels affected the total biomass and relative ***,species origin,N composition and N level interactively affected the total biomass,relative biomass and mortality *** findings suggest that native and invasive plant congeners may be similarly successful across different N environments,and that inorganic N compositions and levels both contribute to plant invasion success.

关键词： congeneric comparison environmental tolerance invasion strategy nitrogen availability plant growth

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