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Dendrobium species regulate energy homeostasis in neurodegenerative diseases: a review

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2023年第6期12卷 2151-2174页

作者： Feixuan Wang Jingqiong Wan Yangzhen Liao Shangyu Liu Yuan Wei Zhen Ouyang School of Pharmacy Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China Nanjing Institute of Product Quality Inspection Nanjing 210019China School of Food and Biological Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China

Brain energy homeostasis is a vital physiological function in maintaining a balanced internal metabolic environment.The impairment of energy homeostasis is recognized as a key pathophysiological basis for brain metabolic disorders and related neurodegenerative diseases.Dendrobium species(‘Shihu’in Chinese)such as D.officinale,D.huoshanense,D.nobile,D.chrysanthum,D.loddigesii,D.moniliforme,D.gratiosissimum,D.candidum and D.caulis are widely used as traditional Chinese medicines/nutraceuticals to control and treat neurodegenerative disorders.These dietary herbs and their derived compounds possess a variety of biological properties,such as suppression of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation,regulation of energy homeostasis mainly through improving brain mitochondria function,insulin signaling and lipid metabolism.Furthermore,they reduce neurotoxicity,alleviate brain injury and neuropathy,and prevent neurodegenerative conditions including stroke,Alzheimer’s disease,Parkinson’s disease,and Huntington’s disease in humans and/or rodents.Moreover,the nutraceuticals from Dendrobium species promote gut health and aid digestion,which appear to be associated with beneficial effects on brain energy homeostasis.Based on the above-mentioned health benefits associated with Dendrobium species,this work reviews their nutraceutical role in neurodegenerative disorders and further suggests the need to elucidate mechanisms of the underlying molecular actions.

关键词： Dendrobium species Nutraceutical role energy homeostasis Neurodegenerative diseases

Hypothalamic GABAergic neurocircuitry in the regulation of energy homeostasis and sleep/wake control

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Medical Review 2022年第5期2卷 531-540页

作者： Hong Jiang Department of Neurobiology School of Basic Medical SciencesNeuroscience Research InstitutePeking UniversityNo.38Xueyuan RoadHaidian DistrictBeijing 100083China Key Laboratory for Neuroscience Ministry of Education/National Health Commission of ChinaPeking UniversityBeijing 100083China

Gamma-aminobutyric acid(GABAergic)neuron,as one of important cell types in synaptic transmission,has been widely involved in central nervous system(CNS)regulation of organismal physiologies including cognition,emotion,arousal and reward.However,upon their distribution in various brain regions,effects of GABAergic neurons in the brain are very diverse.In current report,we will present an overview of the role of GABAergic mediated inhibitory neurocircuitry in the hypothalamus,underlying mechanism of feeding and sleep homeostasis as well as the characteristics of latest transcriptome profile in order to call attention to the GABAergic system as potentially a promising pharmaceutical intervention or a deep brain stimulation target in eating and sleep disorders.

关键词： energy homeostasis feeding gamma-aminobutyric acid hypothalamus neurocircuitry sleep wakefulness.

Peripheral actions and direct central-local communications of melanocortin 4 receptor signaling

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第1期12卷 45-51页

作者： Lei Li Jinye Liang Cong Zhang Tiemin Liu Chao Zhang Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy and Institute for Regenerative Medicine Shanghai East HospitalShanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease ResearchFrontier Science Center for Stem Cell ResearchSchool of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Department of Biology University of IowaIowa CityIA 52242USA State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering Department of Endocrinology and Metabolismand School of Life SciencesZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China

Melanocortin 4 receptor(MC4R),the most important monogenetic cause of human metabolic disorders,has been of great interest to many researchers in the field of energy homeostasis and public health.Because MC4R is a vital pharmaceutical target for maintaining controllable appetite and body weight for professional athletes,previous studies have mainly focused on the central,rather than the peripheral,roles of MC4R.Thus,the local expression of MC4R and its behavioral regulation remain unclear.In an attempt to shed light on different directions for future studies of MC4R signaling,we review a series of recent and important studies exploring the peripheral functions of MC4R and the direct physiological interaction between peripheral organs and central MC4R neurons in this article.

关键词： Body weight energy homeostasis GPCR Melanocortin-4 receptor

Novel therapeutic strategies targeting mitochondria as a gateway in neurodegeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第5期18卷 991-995页

作者： Diogo Trigo Jose Joao Vitoria Odete A.B.da Cruz e Silva Neuroscience and Signalling Laboratory Institute of Biomedicine(iBiMED)Department of Medical SciencesUniversity of AveiroAveiroPortugal

In recent years, multiple disciplines have focused on mitochondrial biology and contributed to understanding its relevance towards adult-onset neurodegenerative disorders. These are complex dynamic organelles that have a variety of functions in ensuring cellular health and homeostasis. The plethora of mitochondrial functionalities confers them an intrinsic susceptibility to internal and external stressors(such as mutation accumulation or environmental toxins), particularly so in long-lived postmitotic cells such as neurons. Thus, it is reasonable to postulate an involvement of mitochondria in aging-associated neurological disorders, notably neurodegenerative pathologies including Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. On the other hand, biological effects resulting from neurodegeneration can in turn affect mitochondrial health and function, promoting a feedback loop further contributing to the progression of neuronal dysfunction and cellular death. This review examines state-of-the-art knowledge, focus on current research exploring mitochondrial health as a contributing factor to neuroregeneration, and the development of therapeutic approaches aimed at restoring mitochondrial homeostasis in a pathological setting.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease axon energy homeostasis glymphatic system mitochondria mitostasis neurodegeneration neuroregeneration Parkinson’s disease therapeutical strategies

Intercellular and inter-organ crosstalk in browning of white adipose tissue:molecular mechanism and therapeutic complications

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2021年第7期13卷 466-479页

作者： Lai Yee Cheong Aimin Xu The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Medicine The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy The University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Adipose tissue(AT)is highly plastic and heterogeneous in response to environmental and nutritional changes.The development of heat-dissipating beige adipocytes in white AT(WAT)through a process known as browning(or beiging)has garnered much attention as a promising therapeutic strategy for obesity and its related metabolic complications.This is due to its inducibility in response to thermogenic stimulation and its association with improved metabolic health.WAT consists of adipocytes,nerves,vascular endothelial cells,various types of immune cells,adipocyte progenitor cells,and fibroblasts.These cells contribute to the formation of beige adipocytes through the release of protein factors that significantly influence browning capacity.In addition,inter-organ crosstalk is also important for beige adipocyte biogenesis.Here,we summarize recent findings on fat depot-specific differences,secretory factors participating in intercellular and inter-organ communications that regulate the recruitment of thermogenic beige adipocytes,as well as challenges in targeting beige adipocytes as a potential anti-obese therapy.

关键词： adipose tissue browning circulating factors energy homeostasis adipose biology obesity

Metabolic effects of intestinal absorption and enterohepatic cycling of bile acids

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2015年第2期5卷 129-134页

作者： Courtney B.Ferrebee Paul A.Dawson Department of Pediatrics Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition Emory University Molecular Medicine Graduate Program Wake Forest School of Medicine

The classical functions of bile acids include acting as detergents to facilitate the digestion and absorption of nutrients in the gut. In addition, bile acids also act as signaling molecules to regulate glucose homeostasis, lipid metabolism and energy expenditure. The signaling potential of bile acids in compartments such as the systemic circulation is regulated in part by an efficient enterohepatic circulation that functions to conserve and channel the pool of bile acids within the intestinal and hepatobiliary compartments. Changes in hepatobiliary and intestinal bile acid transport can alter the composition, size,and distribution of the bile acid pool. These alterations in turn can have significant effects on bile acid signaling and their downstream metabolic targets. This review discusses recent advances in our understanding of the inter-relationship between the enterohepatic cycling of bile acids and the metabolic consequences of signaling via bile acid-activated receptors, such as farnesoid X nuclear receptor(FXR)and the G-protein-coupled bile acid receptor(TGR5).

关键词： Bile acids Liver Intestine Transporters Lipid metabolism energy homeostasis

Aberrations of biochemical indicators in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis:a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2021年第1期10卷 15-26页

作者： Yangfan Cheng Yongping Chen Huifang Shang Department of Neurology Laboratory of Neurodegenerative DisordersRare Disease CenterWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Laboratory of Neurodegenerative DisordersWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China

Accumulating evidence has suggested that the pathological changes in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)are not only confined to the central nervous system but also occur in the peripheral circulating system.Here,we performed a meta-analysis based on the PubMed,EMBASE,EBSCO,and CNKI databases,to find out biochemical indicators associated with energy metabolism,iron homeostasis,and muscle injury that are altered in ALS patients and their correlations with ALS phenotypes.Forty-six studies covering 17 biochemical indicators,representing 5454 ALS patients and 7986 control subjects,were included in this meta-analysis.Four indicators,including fasting blood glucose level(weighted mean difference[WMD]=0.13,95%CI[0.06-0.21],P=0.001),serum ferritin level(WMD=63.42,95%CI[48.12-78.73],Penergy metabolism and disruption of iron homeostasis are involved in the pathogenesis of ALS.In addition,the serum ferritin level is negatively associated with the overall survival of ALS patients.

关键词： Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Biochemical indicators energy homeostasis Iron metabolism Creatinine kinase

Fat poetry: a kingdom for PPARγ

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Cell Research 2007年第6期17卷 486-511页

作者： Silvia I Anghel Walter Wahli Center for Integrative Genomics National Research Center Frontiers in GeneticsUniversity of LausanneLausanne CH-1015Switzerland

Adipose tissue is not an inert cell mass contributing only to the storage of fat, but a sophisticated ensemble of cel-lular components with highly specialized and complex functions. In addition to managing the most important energyreserve of the body, it secretes a multitude of soluble proteins called adipokines, which have beneficial or, alternatively,deleterious effects on the homeostasis of the whole body. The expression of these adipokines is an integrated responseto various signals received from many organs, which depends heavily on the integrity and physiological status of theadipose tissue. One of the main regulators of gene expression in fat is the transcription factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ （PPARγ）, which is a fatty acid- and eicosanoid-dependent nuclear receptor that plays key roles inthe development and maintenance of the adipose tissue. Furthermore, synthetic PPARγagonists are therapeutic agentsused in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. This review discusses recent knowledge on the link between fat physiology and metabolic diseases, and the roles ofPPARγin this interplay via the regulation of lipid and glucose metabolism. Finally, we assess the putative benefits oftargeting this nuclear receptor with still-to-be-identified highly selective PPARγmodulators.

关键词： adipose tissue energy homeostasis obesity peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor

Neural plasticity and adult neurogenesis: the deep biology perspective

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第2期14卷 201-205页

作者： Anna Maria Colangelo Giovanni Cirillo Lilia Alberghina Michele Papa Hans V.Westerhoff Laboratory of Neuroscience "R.Levi-Montalcini" Dept.of Biotechnology and Biosciences University of Milano-Bicocca SYSBIO Centre of Systems Biology University of Milano-Bicocca NeuroMI Milan Center for Neuroscience University of Milano-Bicocca Laboratory of Morphology of Neuronal Network Department of Public Medicine University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" Synthetic Systems Biology and Nuclear Organization University of Amsterdam Molecular Cell Physiology VU University Amsterdam and Infrastructure Systems Biology at NL (ISBE.NL) Amsterdam NL and Systems Biology School for Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science University of Manchester

The recognition that neurogenesis does not stop with adolescence has spun off research towards the reduction of brain disorders by enhancing brain regeneration. Adult neurogenesis is one of the tougher problems of developmental biology as it requires the generation of complex intracellular and pericellular anatomies, amidst the danger of neuroinflammation. We here review how a multitude of regulatory pathways optimized for early neurogenesis has to be revamped into a new choreography of time dependencies. Distinct pathways need to be regulated, ranging from neural growth factor induced differentiation to mitochondrial bioenergetics, reactive oxygen metabolism, and apoptosis. Requiring much Gibbs energy consumption, brain depends on aerobic energy metabolism, hence on mitochondrial activity. Mitochondrial fission and fusion, movement and perhaps even mitoptosis, thereby come into play. All these network processes are interlinked and involve a plethora of molecules. We recommend a deep thinking approach to adult neurobiology.

关键词： neurogenesis adult brain neuroregeneration neuron differentiation nerve growth factor energy homeostasis mitochondria deep biology systems biology