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Food Science and Human Wellness 2022年第4期11卷 922-932页

作者： Hao Lai Fuchao Zhan Yujie Wei Abel W.S.Zongo Sha Jiang Haomin Sui Bin Li Jing Li College of Food Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology(Huazhong Agricultural University) Ministry of EducationWuhan 430070China

The influence of particle size and ionic strength on the freeze-thaw(FT) stability of emulsions stabilized by whey protein isolate(WPI) was investigated in this study. The destabilization of emulsions during the FT process could be suppressed in a way by decreasing the particle size of the initial emulsions, which was the result of retarding the coalescence between oil droplets. To further improve the FT stability of emulsions, different amounts of Na Cl were added before emulsification. The emulsions with the ionic strength at 30–50 mmol/L exhibited good FT stability. Notably, the ionic strength in this range would not lower the freezing point of emulsions below the freezing temperature used in this study. Salt addition could improve the structural properties of proteins, which was available to strengthen the rigidity and thickness of interfacial layers, sequentially building up the resistance that the destruction of ice crystals to emulsions. Moreover, stronger flocculation between emulsion droplets could promote the formation of a gel-like network structure dominated by elasticity in the emulsion system, which might effectively inhibit the movement of droplets, and improve the FT stability of emulsions eventually. The result was of great significance for the preparation of emulsion-based foods with improved FT stability.

关键词： emulsion Freeze-thaw stability Whey protein isolate Particle size Ionic strength

emulsion Graft Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylate onto Cellulose Nanofibers

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Green and Sustainable Chemistry 2021年第1期11卷 9-22页

作者： Hiromu Okada Chao Zhao Yusuke Mizuta Katsumi Yoshino Ryuichi Sugimoto School of Environmental Science and Engineering Kochi University of Technology Kochi Japan Shimane Institute for Industrial Technology Matsue Japan

Methyl methacrylate (MMA) was successfully grafted onto cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) at room temperature in an emulsion system using a diethyl(1,10-phenanthroline N1,N10)zinc(II) complex (Phen-DEZ) with oxygen as the radical initiator. The effects of reaction temperature, initiator concentration, and monomer content on the grafting reaction were investigated. The molecular weight of the non-grafted PMMA, which was produced during graft polymerization, was more than 1 million, as determined by size exclusion chromatography. The PMMA-grafted CNFs were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscopy, which confirmed the grafting of PMMA on the nanofiber surface. The study presents a strategy for the grafting of high-molecular weight PMMA onto CNFs in an emulsion system using Phen-DEZ and O2.

关键词： Cellulose Nanofibers Graft Polymerization Methyl Methacrylate emulsion Diethylzinc

emulsion Polymerization of P (MMA-AA-EA) and Its Demulsifying Performance in Water/Oil emulsion

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Open Journal of Yangtze Oil and Gas 2019年第3期4卷 212-224页

作者： Xia Jiang Zhiming Huang Yuanzhu Mi Jiazhe Kuang Fan Ye School of Chemistry&Environmental Engineering Yangtze UniversityJingzhouChina Production Optimization China Oilfield Services LimitedTianjinChina

Stable water-in-oil emulsions are produced in oil exploitation and cause many environmental and operational issues.In this paper,a co-polymer demulsifier is reported in detail;an emulsion polymerization method is used to prepare nano-P(MMA-AA-EA)with MMA,AA and EA as the monomers,DVB as the cross-linker and APS as the initiator.The resulting products are characterized by FT-IR.Furthermore,the surface tension and particles size analysis is investigated.The results show that the surface tension reduction is 10.66 mN/m at 20?C when the concentration of co-polymer is 1000 ppm and the average size is 76.99 nm.Moreover,the HLB of polymer is discussed specifically by changing the amount of AA.With the increase of AA,the HLB value of the polymer is increased accordingly.Besides,the demulsification performance of the co-polymer is also evaluated at different synthesis and demulsification conditions.It is showed that the maximum demulsification efficiency is 96%at 70?C for 60 min.The optimum concentration of demulsifier is 400 ppm when the amounts of AA and DVB are 1.4 g and 0.1 g,respectively.At last,the process of demulsification is showed under a microscope;the coalescence process of water droplets is indicated under the action of the demulsifier.

关键词： emulsion Polymerization Polymer Demulsifier W/O emulsion,Demulsifying Efficiency Process of Demulsification

Hypocaloric peripheral parenteral nutrition with lipid emulsion in postoperative gastrointestinal cancer patients

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2010年第1期2卷 51-55页

作者： Chien-Yu Lu Fang-Jung Yu Ying-Ling Shih Jan-Sing Hsieh Jaw-Yuan Wang Nutrition Support Team Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineKaohsiung Medical University Hospital Department of Internal Medicine Pingtung Hospital Faculty of Medicine College of Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Department of Nursing Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Division of Gastroenterologic and General Surgery Department of SurgeryKaohsiung Medical University Hospital

AIM:To investigate the use of lipid emulsion substitutingfor glucose in postoperative hypocaloric peripheral parenteral nutrition (HPPN).METHODS:This prospective, randomized study was conducted on 20 postoperative gastrointestinal cancer patients. They were randomized and equally divided into interventional group and control group, and both were administered isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets with for lipid emulsion substituting for partial glucose loads in the interventional group.RESULTS: Nutritional parameters and biochemical data were compared between the two groups before and after 6-d of HPPN. Most investigated variables showed no significant changes after administration of HPPN with lipid emulsion. However, the postoperative triglyceride level was significantly lower in the interventional group than in the control group (P emulsion, glucose administration resulted in less decrease in postoperative prealbumin level (P emulsion is well-tolerated and beneficial to postoperative gastrointestinal cancer patients.

关键词： Hypocaloric peripheral parenteral nutrition Lipid emulsion Dextrose

ANALYSIS ON CHARACTERISTICS OF SUPER-HIGH ENERGY INTERACTION STUDY BY MOUNTAIN emulsion CHAMBER

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1988年第9期33卷 726-731页

作者：丁林垲朱清棋经才骝荆贵茹和煜东 Institute of High Energy Physics Academia Sinica Beijing Institute of Physics Yunnan University Kunming

Ⅰ. INTRODUCTION Owing to the rapid decrease of primary cosmic ray intensity with increasing energy, the detectors for recording super-high energy events must have very large acceptance. To study the super-high energy hadronic interaction at 1015—1017 eV, a large emulsion chamber with 150 m2 of sensitive area and one year’s sensitive time in one experimental period has been built on the top of Mt. Kanbala （5500 m a. s. 1.）

关键词： SUPER recording emulsion acceptance chamber cosmic fragmentation fitting experienced prefer

Preparation of Composite Particles by Forming Pickering emulsion Followed by Drying-In-Liquid and Effect of Stepwise Addition of Solid Powder on Structure of Composite Particles

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2013年第12期4卷 786-793页

作者： Yasushi Akutsu Yoshinari Taguchi Masato Tanaka Graduate School of Science and Technology Niigata University Niigata Japan

It was tried to prepare composite particles made of polymer and two kinds of solid powders by forming Pickeringemulsion followed by the drying-in-liquid method and to investigate how the stepwise addition of solid powders affected the contained ratio and adhesion ratio of solid powders and the structure of composite particles. Limonene oil dissolving expanded polystyrene and ethylene glycol were adopted as the dispersed phase and the continuous phase, respectively. Magnetite and titanium dioxide were used as solid powders. Magnetite was added before or after formation of the (O/W) dispersion. Titanium dioxide was added at the various elapsed times from addition of magnetite. Titanium dioxide adhered only on the surface of composite particles irrespective of addition time. At the earlier addition of both solid powders, the surface-covering type composite particles were prepared. At the latter addition of titanium dioxide, a part of magnetite adhered on the surface and the remainder was dispersed into composite particle.

关键词： Composite Particles Pickering emulsion Drying-In-Liquid Method Liquid-Liquid Dispersion Magnetite Titanium Dioxide

A Mathematical Model for emulsion Polymerization

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 1983年 112-126页

作者：曹同玉 A.J.MERRY M.P.WILSON Hants University of Aston U.K. Whitchurch Department of Chemical Engineering Tianjin University International Ltd. Patterson Candy Birmingham

Experimental studies of emulsion and suspensoon polymerization of styrene at 50~C are reported.Amathematical model for a batch emulsion polymerization in a unbaffled reactor with stirrer is proposed.This model allows for not only the effect of adsorption of the emulsifier onto the monomer droplets butalso the gel-effect.Data from the suspension polymerization tests are used to determine the relationshipbetween Kand XConclusion of these data in the model provided a good prediction of the number andsize of the latex particles and the conversion rate over most of the conversion range.

关键词： polymerization monomer styrene emulsion latex batch terminated adsorbed initiator agitation

Grafting Methyl Methacrylate onto Silk via emulsion Graft Copolymerization Using a Diethylzinc Complex Initiator

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Green and Sustainable Chemistry 2019年第4期9卷 135-152页

作者： C. Zhao H. Okada M. Asakawa R. Sugimoto K. Yoshino School of Environmental Science and Engineering Kochi University of Technology Kochi Japan Shimane Institute for Industrial Technology Matsue Japan.

Methyl methacrylate (MMA) was grafted onto silk fiber in a one-step emulsion system using a diethylzinc and 1,10-phenanthroline complex. The reaction conditions were investigated by varying temperature and initiator to monomer ratio. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEC) techniques were used to characterize the structure, thermal stability, and surface morphology of the obtained product, respectively. Grafting of MMA onto silk increased the thermal stability of silk. The FTIR spectrum and SEM images provided further evidence that MMA has been successfully grafted onto the silk fiber. A peak ascribed to the C=O stretching vibration of MMA was detected in the FTIR spectrum of grafted silk fiber, which was not present in the spectrum of pure silk fiber. Moreover, the SEM images illustrated the increase in diameter and surface roughness of grafted silk compared with pure silk. Lastly, the dyeing performance of the modified silk was significantly increased.

关键词： Polymer Synthesis Silk Graft Polymerization emulsion Diethylzinc

Preparation of Hollow Calcium Silicate Microparticles by Simple emulsion

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Journal of Encapsulation and Adsorption Sciences 2014年第4期4卷 114-121页

作者： Eiichi Toorisaka Syotaro Nagamatsu Yasunobu Saruwatari Makoto Hirata Tadashi Hano Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Yamaguchi University Yamaguchi Japan Department of Applied Chemistry Oita University Oita Japan

Hollow calcium silicate microparticles were prepared by mixing a water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion containing silicate ions in aqueous phase with an oil phase containing a calcium/di-2-ethylhexyl phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) complex. The inorganic precipitation reaction at the oil-water interface was accelerated by using a simple W/O emulsion. Hollow microparticles were obtained when the mole ratio of D2EHPA and calcium in the oil phase was nearly 2:1. The shell formation of the par-ticles depended on the acceleration of the precipitation reaction, which could be accomplished by controlling the concentrations of the calcium and silicate ions.

关键词： Hollow Inorganic Microparticle Water-in-Oil emulsion Solvent Extraction Interfacial Reaction

Bio-Diesel Based Additive for Enhancing Flow of emulsion in Pipeline

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Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science 2016年第3期6卷 288-293页

作者： Fadairo Adesina Anawe Paul Oladepo David Adeyemi Gbadegesin Covenant University Ota Nigeria

emulsions are difficult to transport in the oil and gas industry due to its water content and high viscosity property, thus a need arises to break these emulsions down into lighter emulsions that would make it a lot more suitable for transportation. In this research, biodiesel was synthesized and used to break down relatively viscous emulsion samples into lighter emulsion samples. An apparatus was designed with the aim of determining the flowrate of four different samples in different proportions and compositions: 80% oil and 20% water (sample A), 90% sample A + 10% of biodiesel by volume (sample B), 75% of sample A + 25% of biodiesel by volume (sample C), 60% of sample A + 40% biodiesel by volume (sample D). The results showed that it was possible to significantly increase the flow of emulsions by injecting biodiesel, which was acted as a surfactant, resulting in the lowering of the surface tension of the emulsion sample. The relevance of this research work is validated as it proffers a solution to the transportation of heavy oil and emulsions from all over the world possessing the non-Newtonian flow behavior, which results in serious problems related to its transportation.

关键词： emulsion Biofuel Flow Enhancement Pipeline Additive