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electricity storage With High Roundtrip Efficiency in a Reversible Solid Oxide Cell Stack

Chinese Journal of Chemical Physics 2016年第4期29卷 517-522,I0002页

作者：甘丽珍谢奎合肥工业大学机械与汽车工程学院合肥230009 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所中国科学院功能纳米结构与组装重点实验室福州350002

We theoretically investigate the electricity storage/generation in a reversible solid oxide cell stack. The system heat is for the first time tentatively stored in a phase-change metal when the stack is operated to generate electricity in a fuel cell mode and then reused to store electricity in an electrolysis mode. The state of charge （H2 frication in cathode） effectively enhances the open circuit voltages （OCVs） while the system gas pressure in electrodes also increases the OCVs. On the other hand, a higher system pressure facilitates the species diffusion in electrodes that therefore accordingly improve electrode polarizations. With the aid of recycled system heat, the roundtrip efficiency reaches as high as 92% for the repeated electricity storage and generation.

关键词： Reversible solid oxide cell State of charge Heat storage electricity storage electricity generation

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Lowering the cost of large-scale energy storage:High temperature adiabatic compressed air energy storage

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Propulsion and Power Research 2017年第2期6卷 126-133页

作者： B.Cárdenas A.J.Pimm B.Kantharaj M.C.Simpson J.A.Garvey S.D.Garvey Department of Mechanical.Materials and Manufacturing Engineering Faculty of Engineering.University of Nottingham.Nottingham NG72RD United Kingdom Centre for Integrated Energy Research School of Chemical and Process Engineering.University of Leeds.Leeds LS29DTUnited Kingdom School of Mechanical Engineering University of LeedsLeeds LS29DTUnited Kingdom

Compressed air energy storage is an energy storage technology with strong potential to play a significant role in balancing energy on transmission networks,owing to its use of mature technologies and low cost per unit of storage *** compressed air energy storage(A-CAES)systems typically compress air from ambient temperature in the charge phase and expand the air back to ambient temperature in the discharge *** papers explores the use of an innovative operating scheme for an A-CAES system aimed at lowering the total cost of the system for a given exergy storage *** configuration proposed considers preheating of the air before compression which increases the fraction of the total exergy that is stored in the fom of high-grade heat in comparison to existing designs in which the main exergy storage medium is the compressed air *** a high fraction of the total exergy as heat allows reducing the capacity of costly pressure stores in the system and replacing it with cheaper thermal energy ***,a configuration that integrates a system based on the aforementioned concept with solar thermal power or low-medium grade waste heat is introduced and thoroughly discussed.

关键词： High temperature compressed air energy storage(CAES) Preheating of air Generation integrated energy storage Electric grid balancing electricity storage Renewable generation intermittence

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Gigawatt Scale storage for Gigawatt Scale Renewables

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2018年第2期12卷 105-116页

作者： Mark Howitt Storelectric Ltd. 15 Weaver Close Alsager Stoke-on-Trent ST7 2NZ England

Multi-GW renewables need multi-GW storage, or fossil fuelled power stations will be needed to balance for intermittency. For the same reason, such balancing must be able to last for an entire evening peak if renewables are not generating at the same time. Batteries and DSR （demand side response） make very useful contributions and there is a large market for both, but without large scale and long duration storage, they cannot do the job. Interconnectors also contribute to the solution, and storage will make them more profitable, but （taking a UK perspective） Ofgem identified that all our neighbours have similar generation capacity crunches and similar demand patters, so if we need the electricity when they do, we’ll have to pay through the nose for it. Last winter’s ￡ 1,500/MWh prices proved that―even with only 4 GW interconnection. Following exit from the single market, our neighbours will be able to say “our consumers are more important than yours at any price”. We need UK-based storage at the right scale, to store UK-generated electricity for UK use and for export―otherwise we lose security of supply. CAES （compressed air energy storage） and pumped hydro are the only technologies currently able to deliver this scale and duration of storage. Pumped hydro is cost-effective in the long term but there are few sites, and it is （location dependent） over 3x the cost of CAES. Storelectric has 2 versions of CAES： one is a comparable price to existing CAES, but much more efficient （~70% v 50%） and zero emissions （existing CAES emits 50%-60% of the gas of an equivalent sized power station）. The other is retro-fittable to suitable gas power stations, is more efficient （-60% v 50%）, almost halves their emissions, adds storage-related revenue streams and is much cheaper. Both are new configurations of existing and well proven technologies, supported by engineering majors.

关键词： electricity storage CAES compressed air energy storage adiabatic grid balancing renewable.

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