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Circulation of Brucellaceae,Anaplasma and Ehrlichia spp.in borderline of Iran,Azerbaijan,and Armenia

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2021年第5期14卷 223-230页

作者： Rahimeh Abdoli Hasan Bakhshi Sedigheh Kheirandish Faezeh Faghihi Asadollah Hosseini-Chegeni Mohammad Ali Oshaghi Zakkyeh Telmadarraiy Mohammad Mehdi Sedaghat Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control School of Public HealthTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology School of DentistryBushehr University of Medical SciencesBushehrIran Cellular and Molecular Research Center Iran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Department of Plant Protection Faculty of AgricultureLorestan UniversityKhorramabadIran Rahyan Novin Danesh(RND)Private University SariMazandaranIran

Objective:To estimate the infection of ticks to Anaplasma,Ehrlichia,Babesia,Theileria,and Brucellaceae using molecular methods in borderline of Iran,Azerbaijan,and Armenia.Methods:Totally,2022 ticks were collected from different livestock.Then,species were diagnosed under stereomicroscope according to valid morphological keys.Tick DNA was extracted followed by PCR to detect Anaplasma,Ehrlichia,Theileria,Babesia and Brucellaceae infection in ticks.Results:A total of 498 males[24.62%(95%CI 22.76%-26.57%)],741 females[36.64%(95%CI 34.54%-38.79%)],782 nymphs[38.67%(95%CI 36.55%-40.84%)]and 1 larva[0.04%(95%CI 0.00%-0.28%)]were identified.Among identified samples,we found four genera including Hyalomma,Rhipicephalus,Haemaphysalis,and Dermacentor.Molecular assay revealed that the prevalence of ticks to Anaplasma or Ehrlichia,and Brucellaceae was 22.02%(95%CI 16.01%-29.06%)and 15.03%(95%CI 9.43%-22.26%),respectively.Phylogenetic analysis showed that the identified Anaplasma sp.had the most similarity with Anaplasma centrale,Anaplasma platys,Anaplasma camelii,and Anaplasma phagocytophilum,submitted in GenBank.Furthermore,the detected Ehrlichia sp.and Brucellaceae bacterium had the most similarity with Ehrlichia ruminantium and Mycoplana peli,respectively.However,no sign of the presence of Theileria and Babesia spp.was seen in the studied samples.Conclusions:Anaplasmosis,ehrlichiosis and brucellosis should be considered as important health threats in northwestern Iran and consistent monitoring on infection of ticks and livestock should be performed regularly.

关键词： Tick Anaplasma Ehrlichia Brucellaceae PCR

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First molecular identification of multiple tick‑borne pathogens in livestock within Kassena‑Nankana,Ghana

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Animal Diseases 2023年第1期3卷 21-34页

作者： Seth Offei Addo Ronald Essah Bentil Kevin Nii Yartey Jane Ansah‑Owusu Eric Behene Selassie Bruku Victor Asoala Suzanne Mate John Asiedu Larbi Philip Kweku Baidoo Michael David Wilson Joseph W.Diclaro II Samuel K.Dadzie Parasitology Department Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical ResearchCollege of Health SciencesUniversity of GhanaAccraGhana Department of Theoretical and Applied Biology College of ScienceKNUSTKumasiGhana Department of Epidemiology Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical ResearchCollege of Health SciencesUniversity of GhanaAccraGhana Navrongo Health Research Centre Upper East RegionNavrongoGhana U.S.Army Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch Walter Reed Army Institute of ResearchSilver SpringMDUSA Navy and Marine Corps Public Health Center Center for Disease Control and Prevention DetachmentAtlantaGAUSA

The risk of pathogen transmission continues to increase significantly in the presence of tick vectors due to the trade of livestock across countries.In Ghana,there is a lack of data on the incidence of tick-borne pathogens that are of zoonotic and veterinary importance.This study,therefore,aimed to determine the prevalence of such pathogens in livestock using molecular approaches.A total of 276 dry blood spots were collected from cattle(100),sheep(95)and goats(81)in the Kassena-Nankana Districts.The samples were analyzed using Polymerase Chain Reaction(qPCR)and conventional assays and Sanger sequencing that targeted pathogens including Rickettsia,Coxiella,Babesia,Theileria,Ehrlichia and Anaplasma.An overall prevalence of 36.96%was recorded from the livestock DBS,with mixed infections seen in 7.97%samples.Furthermore,the prevalence of infections in livestock was recorded to be 19.21%in sheep,14.13%in cattle,and 3.62%in goats.The pathogens identified were Rickettsia spp.(3.26%),Babesia sp.Lintan(8.70%),Theileria orientalis(2.17%),Theileria parva(0.36%),Anaplasma capra(18.48%),Anaplasma phagocytophilum(1.81%),Anaplasma marginale(3.26%)and Anaplasma ovis(7.25%).This study reports the first molecular identification of the above-mentioned pathogens in livestock in Ghana and highlights the use of dry blood spots in resource-limited settings.In addition,this research provides an update on tick-borne pathogens in Ghana,suggesting risks to livestock production and human health.Further studies will be essential to establish the distribution and epidemiology of these pathogens in Ghana.

关键词： Livestock Rickettsia Babesia Theileria Ehrlichia Anaplasma

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Inhibition of Ehrlichia canisand Babesia canistransmission among ticks fed together on dogs vaccinated with Bm86 antigen

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2013年第3期3卷 24-32页

作者： Alina Rodríguez-Mallon Gervasio H. Bechara Rosangela M. Zacarias Efrain Benavides-Ortiz Jose Luis Soto-Rivas Arlen Patricia Gómez-Ramírez Javier Andrés Jaimes-Olaya Mario Pablo Estrada-García Centro de Ingeniería Genética y Biotecnología Habana Cuba Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universidad de Ciencias Comerciales Altamira Nicaragua Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias Universidad de La Salle Bogotá DC Colombia Universidade Estadual Paulista-UNESP Jaboticabal Brazil

GAVAC (Heber Biotec S.A, Havana, Cuba) is a commercially available vaccine developed with the Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus Bm86 recombinant antigen. Bm86 is a “concealed” antigen that is present in the plasmatic membrane of tick gut epithelial cells with unknown function so far. It is well known that after vaccination in the last fifteen years in Cuba, there was a significant decrease of babesiosis (Babesia bovis and Babesia bigemina) and anaplasmosis (Anaplasma marginale) in cattle. A reduced transmission capacity of ticks fed on tick-immune animals and humans has been reported for several tick-borne pathogens. Recent experiments have demonstrated that an anti-tick vaccine may contribute to the control of tick-borne pathogens not only by decreasing the exposure of susceptible hosts to ticks, but also by reducing the vector capacity of ticks. In this study, the potential of Bm86 vaccination to interfere with pathogen transmission among ticks was evaluated by using as experimental model the brown dog tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus and the tickborne Babesia canis and Ehrlichia canis pathogens. Dogs, vaccinated and not vaccinated, were infested with pathogen-infected ticks and noninfected nymphs of R. sanguineus. After feeding, the pathogen transmission to newly molted adults from co-feeding uninfected nymphs was studied by conventional PCR and qPCR. Results suggest that the anti-Bm86 antibodies could be able to block the transmission of B. canis and/or E. canis from infected to non-infected ticks.

关键词： Rhipicephalus sanguineus Ehrlichia canis Babesia canis Tick-Borne Diseases Dogs Bm86

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Molecular Detection of Anaplasmaand EhrlichiaInfection in Ticks in Borderline of Iran-Afghanistan

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2014年第11期7卷 919-926页

作者： Ahmad Jafarbekloo Hasan Bakhshi Faezeh Faghihi Zakkyeh Telmadarraiy Atefeh Khazeni Mohammad Ali Oshaghi Maryam Roya Ramzgouyan Mohammad Mehdi Sedaghat School of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) Tehran Iran School of Public Health Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) Tehran Iran Cellular and Molecular Research Center Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran

Anaplasmosis, a disease caused by various species of Anaplasma, poses important economic constraints to animal breeders. Ehrlichiosis is a worldwide zoonosis illness and mostly occurs in tropical and subtropical regions that are close to the vector’s distribution. Tick-borne pathogens lead to over 100,000 cases of illness in the world each year. Besides the costs of the additional veterinary care, anaplasmosis causes abortion in animals, reduction of milk production, body weight, and frequently leads to death. In this study, we investigated on infection of ticks to Anaplasma and Ehrlichia pathogens in Zabol and Zahak County in Sistan and Baluchestan Province where is bordered with Afghanistan. Totally from June 2013 to May 2014, 369 ticks were caught from goats, cows and sheep. Molecular studies on 53 of these samples which represented all specimens, showed that Ehrlichia’s DNA and Anaplasma’s DNA was found in 14 (26.4%) out of the 53 selected specimens. The results showed the infection of Rhipicephalus sanguineus and Hyalomma anatolicum with Anaplasma ovis. Also we saw infection of H. anatolicum and H. asiaticum ticks to Ehrlichia spp. This study has been intended to do a comprehensive survey of Ehrlichia and Anaplasma distribution in ticks caught from east of Iran;it was designed to investigate the presence of Anaplasma spp. and Ehrlichia spp. in Zabol and Zahak Counties, Iran. These results show that these pathogens should be controlled in such regions.

关键词： Anaplasma Ehrlichia Tick Iran

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Preliminary study of natural reservoirs as sentinels of Anaplasma phagocytophilumand Ehrlichia chaffeensisin Soria, northern Spain

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2013年第9期3卷 501-503页

作者： Lourdes Lledó Consuelo Giménez-Pardo José Luis Serrano Consejería de Sanidad y Bienestar Social de la Junta de Castilla y León Soria Spain Departamento de Biomedicina y Biotecnología Universidad Alcalá Alcalá de Henares Spain

The serum of foxes and red deer from the Province of Soria (northern Spain) was screened in indirect immunofluorescence assays to determine whether these animals could be used as sentinels of the tick-borne pathogens Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Ehrlichia chaffeensis. The results suggest that foxes and red deer would not make good sentinels in epidemiological studies on E. chaffeensis in this region, although red deer could be used as such for the study of A. phagocytophilum transmission.

关键词： Anaplasma phagocytophilum Ehrlichia chaffeensis Foxes Red Deer Sentinels Spain

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Molecular detection of Ehrlichia canisin ticks population collected on dogs in Meshkin-Shahr, Ardebil Province, Iran

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2013年第7期6卷 1-5页

作者： Atefeh Khazeni Zakieh Telmadarraiy Mohammad Ali Oshaghi Mehdi Mohebali Zabiholah Zarei Seyed Mohammad Abtahi Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control School of Public Health Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) Tehran Iran Department of Medical Parasitology School of Public Health Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) Tehran Iran Department of Parasitology School of Medicine Isfahan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services Isfahan Iran

Canine monocytic ehrlichiosis is a disease which can cause death in dogs and cats by the Ehrlichia canis and transmitted by hard ticks. The main vector is Rhipicephalus sanguineus which is a common tick in Iran and common ectoparasite on dogs. Few researches has been done to show Ehrlichiosis situation in dog’s ticks. Animal husbandry in Meshkin-Shahr County from Ardebil province (North-West Iran) is the main job of people. Specimens were collected on dogs’ ears, neck, shoulder and toes and they were transferred to the Entomology Laboratory, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences. After DNA extraction, Ehrlichia agent was detected by nested-PCR, 16 s rRNA amplification. Determination of sequence homologies have been done in Gen-Bank. 146 ticks were identified which included 29.44% female and 47.94% male. Rhipicephalus sanguineus were the most prevalent ticks. Ehrlichia spp and Anaplasma spp were found in 43.84% of all the specimens containing Anaplasma ovis, and Ehrlichia sp. and Herlichia canis. Rhipicephalus sanguineus is widely spread and the most common ticks on dogs. As far as we know, this is the first report of E. canis in vector from Iran. Nested PCR showed that hard ticks can contain Anaplasma ovis, Ehrlichia spp and E. canis. These results warrant studying on vector competence of ticks for the Ehrlichiosis agents.

关键词： Ehrlichiosis Tick Dog Anaplasma ovis Ehrlichia canis Ardebil Iran

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Serological investigation of vector-borne disease in dogs from rural areas of China

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第2期2卷 102-103页

作者： Shiwen Wang Jing He Lijuan Zhang National Institute of Communicable Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Department of Infectious Diseases 302 Hospital of PLA

Objective:To evaluate the Anaplasma phagocytophilum(A.phagocytophilum),Ehrlichia canis(E.canis,Dirofilaria immitis(D.immitis)(canine heartworm),Borrelia burgdorferi(B.burgdorferi)infections in countryside dogs from Yunnan,Hainan and Anhui provinces.Methods:Serum samples were collected from 26 dogs in Yunnan.Hainan and Anhui provinces.The samples were tested using a commercial ELISA rapid diagnostic assay kit(SNAP^(?)4Dx^(?);IDEXX Laboratories,Inc.U.S.A.).Meaiiwliile,indirect immunofluorescence assay(IFA)recommended by WHO was conducted to delect IgG to A.phagocytophilum.Two methods were analyzed and compared.Results:The number of serologically positive dogs for IgG to A.phagocytophilum was only 2which was from Hainan province and none of the 26 dogs responded positive for E.canu.D.immitis(canine heartworm,and B.burgdorferi by ELISA rapid diagnostic method.The number of serologically positive dogs for IgG to A.phagocytophilum was 13(50%)by IFA method.Data of the two methods were analyzed by statistical software and the difference was statistically significant(P=0.002).Conclusions:It can be concluded that IFA method was more sensitive than ELISA rapid diagnostic method.However,we need conduct further and intensive epidemiology survey on tick-born diseases pathogens including.***.phagocytophilum,E.canis,D.immitis(canine heartworm),and B.burgdorferi which have public health significance.

关键词： Anaplasma phagocytophilum Ehrlichia canis Borrelia burgdorferi Dirofilaria immitis Dogs China Vector-borne disease Serological investigation ELISA rapid diagnostic assay

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Tick-Borne Rickettsial Pathogens in Rodents from Mexico

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2014年第11期7卷 884-889页

作者： Carolina G. Sosa-Gutiérrez Margarita Vargas Javier Torres Guadalupe Gordillo-Pérez Facultad de Agrobiología Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolas de Hidalgo Uruapan México Unidad de Investigación Médica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitarias Hospital de Pediatría Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social Mexico City Mexico

Tick-Borne Rickettsial Diseases (TBRD) are emerging zoonotic diseases, and a problem of human health and veterinary medication. The distribution of these diseases is related to the distribution of vector. The presence of pathogens in the host is a risk indicator of population exposure to these areas. A total of 478 tissues samples from rodents, A. phagocytophilum 18 (3.7%), E. canis 47 (9.8%), Rickettsia rickettsii 18 (3.7%) and E. chaffeensis 19 (3.9%) were detected using species-specific PCR assay. It is the first report in Mexico the presence of rodents infected with A. phagocytophilum and E. chaffeensis. The rodent Peromyscus spp. were the most commonly prevalent host of infection for all the bacteria’s. We have to consider as host of TBRD transmitter and provide a useful contribution to understanding their epidemiology. The health sector should be considered all the fevers of unknown causes in humans and animals in Mexico as infections by these vector-borne rickettsial pathogens.

关键词： Anaplasma phagocytophilum Ehrlichia chaffeensis Rickettsia rickettsii Ehrlichia canis Rodents

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