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Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems 2024年第3期9卷 126-141页

作者： Xiaowei Wang Qiankun Kang Liang Guo Fan Zhang Zhenfeng Liang Jie Gao Xue Wang Weibo Liu IEEE the School of Electrical Engineering Xi’an University of TechnologyXi’an 710054China Xi’an University of Technology China Zhejiang University HangzhouChina the School of Electrical Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’anChina the Xi’an Jiaotong University China

The rapid development of communication services in the power distribution network poses challenges for existing wireless communications,and the deployment of a fiber optic network is costly and *** emerging 5G technology has been piloted in power distribution networks,though the cost-effectiveness of its large-scale deployment remains *** paper proposes an economic evaluation method for 5G planning in power distribution networks,considering the coupling relationship between power distribution and communication networks and the identification of important network ***,the objective function to solve the planned number of 5G base stations is *** is solved using the adaptive particle swarm algorithm and K-means ***,the coupling relationship between the distribution and communication networks is discussed and *** node importance of the coupling network is analyzed to identify the important nodes,and micro base stations or optical fibers are added to improve the reliability of the distribution network at the communication ***,an economic evaluation index of 5G planning of the distribution network is *** paper compares the economic solutions of 5G and 4G communications in city and town scenarios using the IEEE 123-node network as an example,and concludes that the economics of 5G are better than those of 4G.

关键词： 5G coupling relationship node im-portance economic evaluation adaptive particle swarm K-means

economic evaluation of reverse osmosis desalination system coupled with tidal energy

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Frontiers in Energy 2018年第2期12卷 297-304页

作者： Changming LING Yifei WANG Chunhua MIN Yuwen ZHANG College of Mechanical and Power Engineering Guangdong Ocean University Zhanjiang 524025 China College of Energy and Environmental Engineering Hebei University of Technology Tianjin 300401 China Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of Missouri Columbia MO 65211 USA

A reverse osmosis （RO） desalination system coupled with tidal energy is proposed. The mechanical energy produced by the tidal energy through hydraulic turbine is directly used to drive the RO unit. The system performances and the water cost of the conventional and tidal energy RO systems are compared. It is found that the proposed tidal energy RO system can save water cost in the range of 31.0%-41.7% in comparison with the conventional RO system. There is an optimum feed pressure that leads to the lowest water cost. The tidal RO system can save more costs at a high feed pressure or a high water recovery rate. The optimum feed pressure of the tidal energy RO system is higher than that of the conventional RO system. The longer lifetime of the tidal energy RO system can save even more water cost. When the site development cost rate is lower than 40%, the water cost of the tidal energy RO system will be lower than that of the conventional RO system. The proposed technology will be an effective alternative desalination method in the future.

关键词： reverse osmosis (RO) desalination tidal energy model economic evaluation

economic evaluation of cervical cancer screening strategies in urban China

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 2019年第6期31卷 974-983页

作者： Li Ma Yuying Wang Xiaohong Gao Yi Dai Yu Zhang Zhaojing Wang Xiaoxia Wang Limin Wang Jing Jiang Xinhua Jing Chunxia Yang Fanghui Zhao Jinghe Lang Youlin Qiao Department of Epidemiology School of Public HealthDalian Medical UniversityDalian 116044China Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100730China Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Wafangdian Maternal and Child Health Care HospitalDalian 116300China Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics West China School of Public HealthSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China Department of Epidemiology National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China

Objective:This study evaluated the feasibility of different cervical cancer screening strategies in urban ***:A Markov model was constructed to simulate a hypothetical cohort of 100,000 females aged 30-59 years in a 20-year *** strategies included liquid-based cytology(LBC)every three years,human papillomavirus(HPV)DNA testing every three and five years,respectively,and a combination of HPV DNA testing and LBC(HPV+LBC)every three and five years,*** outcomes included cumulative incidence over 20 years,cumulative risk of cervical cancer,costs,life year saved(LYS),quality-adjusted life years(QALYs)and *** cost-effectiveness ratios(CERs),incremental cost-effectiveness ratios(ICERs),costutility ratios(CURs),and benefit-cost ratios(BCRs)were used as outcomes in the health economic evaluation *** sensitivity analyses were performed to examine the stability of the ***:The cumulative incidence of the five screening strategies ranged from 833.02 to 1,158.07 cases per100,000 *** DNA testing was most effective in reducing the cumulative risk of cervical cancer,saving life years and QALYs and gaining *** CERs of HPV DNA testing every three and five years,and LBC every three years were considered to be very cost-effective if they were below China's GDP per *** CERs of HPV+LBC were considered to be cost-effective if they were below three times GDP per *** incremental cost-effectiveness analysis showed that HPV DNA testing every three and five years,LBC every three years and HPV+LBC every five years were dominant ***:The findings of this study indicated that HPV DNA testing every five years or LBC every three years should be recommended in urban China.

关键词： Cervical cancer Markov model economic evaluation

An economic evaluation method of coalbed methane resources during the target selection phase of exploration

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Petroleum Science 2015年第4期12卷 705-711页

作者： Dong-Kun Luo Liang-Yu Xia School of Business Administration China University of Petroleum (Beijing)

Because forecasting a development program during the target selection phase of exploration for coalbed methane （CBM） is impossible, the conventional method that relies on a conceptual （or detailed） development pro- gram cannot be used during the economic evaluation of CBM resources. Hence, this study focuses on establishing an economic evaluation model based on the characteristics of the target selection phase. The discounted cashflow method is applied to the construction of the model with the assumption that there is a uniform distribution of produc- tion wells. The computational error generated by the assumption is corrected by introducing a correction factor based on the production profile of single CBM wells. The case study demonstrates that the blocks lacking economic value can be screened out, and the most advantageous targets can be found by computing the resource values in the best- and worst-case scenarios. This technique can help to reduce wasted investments and improve the quality of decision-making in selecting targets for exploration.

关键词： Coalbed methane Exploration targetselection economic evaluation Scenario analysis

Net Present Value Method: A Method Recommended by ISO 15686-5 for economic evaluation of Building Life Cycle Costs

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2022年第2期10卷 224-229页

作者： Hao Xie Qiao Cui Yang Li Department of Architecture College of Jangho Architecture Northeastern University Shenyang China Department of Urban Planning College of Jangho Architecture Northeastern University Shenyang China

The publication of ISO 15686-5 is significant for studies related to the life-cycle costs of buildings. Among the many economic evaluation methods, the NPV method is recommended for use by this standard. This study explains the concept and method of PV, and then provides an explanation of the concept and method of NPV, and points out the limitations in the practical application of the method.

关键词： NPV ISO 15686-5 Building Life Cycle Cost economic evaluation

Models for economic evaluation of multi-purpose apple harvest platform and software development

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2019年第1期12卷 74-83页

作者： Zhao Zhang Zhaohua Zhang Xinmiao Wang Hu Liu Yuanjie Wang Weijie Wang Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering Pennsylvania State UniversityState CollegePA 16803USA College of economics and Management Shandong Agricultural UniversityTai’an 271018ShandongChina School of Food Science&Biotechnology Zhejiang Gongshang UniversityHangzhou 310018China Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Agricultural Information Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China State Grade Dezhou Power Supply Company Dezhou 253000ShandongChina

An increasing number of *** growers are now interested in using harvest platforms to increase harvest productivity,expand labor pool,and alleviate tough working *** maximize benefits,functions of thinning,pruning&training,and infield sorting have been or are to be incorporated into harvest *** growers are most concerned with economic benefits,few cost-benefit studies had been conducted on different *** the meantime,economic analysis procedure is complex and each analysis is for one specific machine(not for general purposes).No software has been developed as a general and ready-to-use tool for growers and researchers for the platform economic *** this study,platforms,both available on the marketplace and developed in lab as pilot trials,were *** and benefits models were then established,based on which multi-purpose apple harvest platform economic evaluation software(iMPAHP)was developed(capable of evaluating a wide variety of apple harvest platforms).A case study(machine cost of$100000,accommodating 6 workers,processing apple incidence of 10%with 90%sort-out rate,and harvest,thinning,and pruning&training productivity increase by 40%,50%,and 60%,respectively)based on iMPAHP demonstrated that infield sorting,harvest,thinning,and pruning and training accounted for 48.4%,23.9%,14.3%,and 13.4%of the total benefits,*** the case that the platform was in all-four-purpose-application,the net present value(NPV)analysis of a 10-year investment showed a positive return of$***,without infield sorting function,the NPV resulted in a negative value,indicating a loss for the machine *** incorporating the modular infield sorting system certainly increased the overall machine investment by$30000,the benefits outweighed the costs.

关键词： multi-purpose apple harvest platform economic evaluation infield sorting pruning thinning training

Methodology for the economic evaluation of CO_(2) derived materials

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Clean Energy 2021年第4期5卷 575-586页

作者： Tiffany Wong Dan Zilnik Marcius Extavour Michael Leitch AFARA 290 Caldari RoadVaughanON L4K 4J4Canada XPRIZE 800 Corporate PointeSuite 350Culver CityCA 90230USA

Scoring the technologies in competition for the NRG Canada’s Oil Sands Innovation Alliance Carbon XPRIZE required an economic evaluation to estimate the value created through the conversion of CO_(2) emissions into *** all of the Teams participating in the competition,58 different materials were consumed and *** prices and market sizes needed to be established for each of these materials to ensure a consistent evaluation across all *** Standards Data Set(SDS)was created as a standardized database of economic data used in the *** rationale for the SDS project and the methodology for researching each material is ***,credible material definitions using the SDS methodology were created for all materials,and some research and methodological customization were required for materials that did not have credible,publicly available market *** methodologies for establishing credible values and market sizes for concrete,concrete admixtures and syngas are highlighted as examples of materials whose value and markets are not easily defined.

关键词： carbon capture CCUS economic evaluation market analysis commercial viability

economic　evaluation　OF　REDUCTION　OF　DEPOSITION　IN　THE　LOWER　YELLOW　RIVER　BY　THE　SANMENXIA　PROJECT

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International Journal of Sediment Research 1995年第3期 82-95页

作者： LI Guoying and TU Qihua Ministry of Water Resources PRC. Reconnaissance Planning and Design Institute Yellow River Conservancy Commission (YRCC) PRC

ＥＣＯＮＯＭＩＣＥＶＡＬＵＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＲＥＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＯＦＤＥＰＯＳＩＴＩＯＮＩＮＴＨＥＬＯＷＥＲＹＥＬＬＯＷＲＩＶＥＲＢＹＴＨＥＳＡＮＭＥＮＸＩＡＰＲＯＪＥＣＴＬＩＧｕｏｙｉｎｇａｎｄＴＵＱｉｈｕａＡｓｓｉｓｔ... 详细信息

ＥＣＯＮＯＭＩＣＥＶＡＬＵＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＲＥＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＯＦＤＥＰＯＳＩＴＩＯＮＩＮＴＨＥＬＯＷＥＲＹＥＬＬＯＷＲＩＶＥＲＢＹＴＨＥＳＡＮＭＥＮＸＩＡＰＲＯＪＥＣＴＬＩＧｕｏｙｉｎｇａｎｄＴＵＱｉｈｕａＡｓｓｉｓｔａｎｔＣｈｉｅｆＥｎｇｉｎｅｅｒ，...

关键词： economic evaluation reduction of deposition river channel aggradation

economic evaluation of Hydraulic Fracturing in a Gas Condensate Reservoir Operating below Dewpoint

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Open Journal of Yangtze Oil and Gas 2020年第3期5卷 73-86页

作者： Anthony Kerunwa Princewill O. Ariche Nkemakolam Chinedu Izuwa Federal University of Technology Owerri Nigeria

Hydraulic fracturing is among the approaches used to optimize production from a gas condensate reservoir. A detailed economic analysis is required to evaluate the profitability and feasibility of hydraulic fracturing as an optimization option in a gas condensate reservoir operating below dewpoint. The objective of this research is to evaluate the economic benefits derivable from the use of hydraulic fracturing to improve gas and liquid recovery from a gas condensate reservoir operating below dewpoint. This research considers the use of four profit indicators to ascertain the profitability of hydraulic fracturing in a gas condensate reservoir operating below dewpoint by increasing the fracture halflength, fracture width and fracture permeability. The production data of the reservoir was obtained and the economic calculations done on excel spreadsheet and plots generated. The four profit indicators considered in the research are Net Present Value, Payout, Discounted Cash Flow Rate of Return and Profit per Dollar Invested. The economic justification was done by carrying out a comparative economic analysis from the result obtained when the reservoir of study was unfractured with that obtained when the reservoir was fractured at various fracture parameters. The economic analysis was done considering a royalty and tax rate of 18.5% and 30% respectively and a gas price of $2/MSCF and condensate price of $30/bbl. This is done so as to find out if the additional cost of hydraulic fracturing can be offset by the recovery from the reservoir when its pressure declined below dewpoint. The result obtained showed that the additional recovery due to hydraulic fracturing by increasing the fracture halflength, fracture width and fracture permeability was not enough to justify the application of hydraulic fracturing when the reservoir pressure declined below dewpoint.

关键词： economic evaluation Fracture Halflength Proppants Profit Indicators Hydraulic Fracturing Gas Condensate Reservoir Dewpoint

economic evaluation and Configuration Optimization Strategy of Hybrid Renewable Energy Generation System: A Review

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Economic Evaluation and Configuration Optimization Strategy ...