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tRNA^(Glu)-derived fragments from embryonic extracellular vesicles modulate bovine embryo hatching

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1559-1566页

作者： Yuan Fan Krishna Chaitanya Pavani Katrien Smits Ann Van Soom Luc Peelman Department of Veterinary and Biosciences Faculty of Veterinary MedicineGhent UniversityHeidestraat 199820 MerelbekeBelgium Department of Internal Medicine Reproduction and Population MedicineFaculty of Veterinary MedicineGhent UniversitySalisburylaan 1339820 MerelbekeBelgium Department for Reproductive Medicine Ghent University HospitalCorneel Heymanslaan 109000 GhentBelgium

Transfer RNA-derived small RNAs(tsRNAs)have been shown to be involved in early embryo development and repression of endogenous retroelements in embryos and stem ***,it is unknown whether tsRNAs also regulate embryo *** this study,we mined the sequencing data of a previous experiment in which we demonstrated that the microRNA(miRNA)cargo of preimplantation embryonic extracellular vesicles(EVs)influences embryo *** thus profiled the tsRNA cargo of EVs secreted by blastocysts and *** majority of tsRNAs was identified as tRNA halves originating from the 5'ends of *** the 148 differentially expressed tsRNAs,the 19 nt tRNA fragment(tRF)tDR-14:32-Glu-CTC-1 was found to be significantly up-regulated in EVs derived from ***-qPCR assays confirmed its significant up-regulation in non-blastocyst embryos and their conditioned medium compared to the blastocyst group(Pembryo hatching(Pembryos treated with tDR-14:32-Glu-CTC-1 antagomirs further showed differential expression of genes that are associated with embryo hatching and *** summary,tDR-14:32-Glu-CTC-1 is up-regulated in non-blastocyst embryos and their secretions,and inhibition of tDR-14:32-Glu-CTC-1 promotes embryo hatching,while influencing embryo implantation-related genes and *** results indicate that embryonic EVs containing specific tRFs may regulate preimplantation embryo development.

关键词： embryo Extracellular vesicles Hatching tRNA fragments ts RNAs

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Two MADS-box proteins,AGL9 and AGL15,recruit the FIS-PRC2 complex to trigger the phase transition from endosperm proliferation to embryo development in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2024年第7期17卷 1110-1128页

作者： Shen Zhang Devasantosh Mohanty Adnan Muzaffar Min Ni Department of Plant and Microbial Biology University of Minnesota at Twin CitiesSaint PaulMinnesota MN 55108United States of AmericaUSA

Spatiotemporal regulation of gene expression by polycomb repressive complex 2(PRc2)is critical for animal and plant *** Arabidopsis fertilization independent seed(FIS)-PRC2 complex functions specifically during plant reproduction from gametogenesis to seed *** a double fertilization event,triploid endosperm proliferates early,followed by the growth of a diploid embryo,which replaces the endosperm in Arabidopsis and many *** genes critical for endosperm proliferation such as IKkU2 and MINI3 are activated after *** we report that two MADS-box AGAMOUS-LIKE(AGL)proteins associate with the key endosperm proliferation loci and recruit the FIS-PRC2 repressive complex at 4-5 days after pollination(DAP).Interestingly,AGL9 and AGL15 only accumulate toward the end of endosperm proliferation at 4-5 DAP and promote the deposition of H3K27me3 marks at key endosperm proliferation *** of AGL9 and AGL15 or overexpression of AGL9 or AGL15 significantly influence endosperm proliferation and ***-wide analysis with cleavage Under Targets and tagmentation(CUT&Tag)sequencing and RNA sequencing revealed the landscape of endosperm H3K27me3 marks and gene expression profiles in Col-0 and agl9 ***&Tag qPCR also demonstrated the occupancy of the two MADS-box proteins and FIS-PRC2 on a few representative target *** studies suggest that MADS-box proteins could potentially recruit PRc2 to regulate many other developmental processes in plants or even in fungi and animals.

关键词： AGL9 AGL15 embryo endosperm IKU2 MEDEA MINI3

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An update on hormonal regulation of early embryo-fallopian tube interactions: insights for improvements of assisted reproductive technology outcomes

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Reproductive and Developmental Medicine 2024年第1期8卷 39-49页

作者： Suranga P.Kodithuwakku Ernest H.Y.Ng William S.B.Yeung Kai-Fai Lee Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology LKS Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong SAR 999077China Department of Animal Science Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of PeradeniyaPeradeniya 20400Sri Lanka Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation.The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital Shenzhen 518053China

Human fallopian tubes(FTs)play important roles in the whole reproductive *** are the site for the final maturation of gametes,fertilization,transport of preimplantation embryos,and early embryonic development before entering the *** these functions are critical in the establishment of a successful *** the embryo is in transit through the FT,the FT microenvironment changes through endocrine,paracrine,autocrine,and juxtacrine mechanisms which involve various hormones and bioactive substances mainly from the neighboring ***,the interactions between the embryo and the FT may be the earliest embryo-maternal communications that are essential for the establishment of *** review critically discusses the evidence of various hormonal and bioactive mediated control of the microenvironment in the FTs during the earliest embryo-maternal ***,we highlight existing gaps in the knowledge and the importance of exploring more of the physiology of FTs which will hold the key to producing high-quality embryos for patients seekingin vitro fertilization(IVF)treatments.

关键词： Fallopian tube embryo Maternal-embryo communication Hormonal control

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The second polar body contributes to the fate asymmetry in the mouse embryo

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National Science Review 2022年第7期9卷 32-42页

作者： Hongbin Jin Yang Han Huasong Wang J.Xiao He Li Weimin Shen Lin Zhang Luxi Chen Shunji Jia Ping Yuan Hui Chen Anming Meng Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology State Key Laboratory of Membrane BiologyTsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences School of Life SciencesTsinghua University Center for Reproductive Genetics and Reproductive Medicine Sun Yat-sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat-sen University Guangzhou Laboratory

The polar bodies(PBs) are extruded microcells during oocyte meiosis and generally regarded as inessentials for embryonic ***,PBs have been widelyused as important materials for pre-implantation genetic diagnosis in *** we report that the second PB(PB2) in the mouse zygote may play roles in cell-fate specification and post-implantation development.A subset of mRNAs encoding pluripotency-related factors are enriched in *** proteins maybe synthesized in PB2 after fertilization and transport from PB2 to the zygote before the two-cell *** PB2-attached blastomere(pbB) at the two-cell stage,compared to the other blastomere(npbB),likely contributes more descendants to the inner cell mass(ICM) lineage in the *** of PB2 from the zygote or transient blockage of material exchange between PB2 and the zygote by nocodazole treatment appears to cause a loss of the ICM fate bias of ***2 removal or nocodazole treatment also results in abnormal post-implantation *** of PB2 lysate into pbB of PB2-removed two-cell-stage embryos may reset the cell-fate preference and rescue post-implantation *** data collectively suggest that PB2 would demarcate the earliest cell-fate asymmetry of the mouse zygote and be required for post-implantation development.

关键词： mouse embryo polar body cell fate asymmetry

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Homology-based repair induced by CRISPR-Cas nucleases in mammalian embryo genome editing

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Protein & Cell 2022年第5期13卷 316-335页

作者： Xiya Zhang Tao Li Jianping Ou Junjiu Huang Puping Liang Center for Reproductive Medicine the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversitySun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510630China MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation State Key Laboratory of BiocontrolSchool of Life SciencesSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province the First Affiliated Hospital and School of Life SciencesSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China

Recent advances in genome editing,especially CRISPR-Cas nucleases,have revolutionized both laboratory research and clinical ***-Cas nucleases,together with the DNA damage repair pathway in cells,enable both genetic diversification by classical non-homologous end joining(c-NHEJ)and precise genome modification by homology-based repair(HBR).Genome editing in zygotes is a convenient way to edit the germline,paving the way for animal disease model generation,as well as human embryo genome editing therapy for some life-threatening and incurable *** efficiency is highly dependent on the DNA donor that is utilized as a repair ***,we review recent progress in improving CRISPR-Cas nuclease-induced HBR in mammalian embryos by designing a suitable DNA ***,we want to provide a guide for producing animal disease models and correcting genetic mutations through CRISPR-Cas nuclease-induced HBR in mammalian ***,we discuss recent developments in precise genome-modification technology based on the CRISPR-Cas system.

关键词： homology-based repair(HBR) genome editing disease modeling embryo precision medicine

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The m6A methylation regulates gonadal sex differentiation in chicken embryo

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第6期13卷 1657-1670页

作者： Jianbo Li Xiuan Zhang Xiqiong Wang Congjiao Sun Jiangxia Zheng Junying Li Guoqiang Yi Ning Yang National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Breeding and ReproductionMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern AgricultureGenome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhenChina

Background:As a ubiquitous reversible epigenetic RNA modification,N6-methyladenosine(m6A)plays crucial regulatory roles in multiple biological ***,its functional mechanisms in sex determination and differentiation during gonadal development of chicken embryos are not ***,we established a transcriptome-wide m6A map in the female and male chicken left gonads of embryonic day 7(E7)by methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing(MeRIP-seq)to offer insight into the landscape of m6A methylation and investigate the post-transcriptional modification underlying gonadal ***:The chicken embryonic gonadal transcriptome was extensively *** found 15,191 and 16,111 m6A peaks in the female and male left gonads,respectively,which were mainly enriched in the coding sequence(CDS)and stop *** these m6A peaks,we identified that 1013 and 751 were hypermethylated in females and males,*** differential peaks covered 281 and 327 genes,such as BMP2,SMAD2,SOX9 and CYP19A1,which were primarily associated with development,morphogenesis and sex differentiation by functional *** analysis revealed that the m6A methylation level was positively correlated with gene expression ***,we found that YTHDC2 could regulate the expression of sex-related genes,especially HEMGN and SOX9,in male mesonephros/gonad mingle cells,which was verified by in vitro experiments,suggesting a regulatory role of m6A methylation in chicken gonad ***:This work provided a comprehensive m6A methylation profile of chicken embryonic gonads and revealed YTHDC2 as a key regulator responsible for sex *** results contribute to a better understanding of epigenetic factors involved in chicken sex determination and differentiation and to promoting the future development of sex manipulation in poultry industry.

关键词： Chicken embryo Gonads m6A YTHDC2

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Characterization of the imprinting and expression patterns of ZAG2 in maize endosperm and embryo

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The Crop Journal 2015年第1期3卷 74-79页

作者： Chaoxian Liu Jiuguang Wang Xiupeng Mei Xiaojing Deng Tingting Yu Xiaoli Liu Guoqiang Wang Zhizhai Liu Yilin Cai Maize Research Institute Southwest University

ZAG2 has been identified as a maternally expressed imprinted gene in maize *** study revealed that paternally inherited ZAG2 alleles were imprinted in maize endosperm and embryo at 14 days after pollination(DAP), and consistently imprinted in endosperm at 10, 12, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 26, and 28 DAP in reciprocal crosses between B73 and Mo17. ZAG2 alleles were also imprinted in reciprocal crosses between Zheng 58 and Chang7-2 and between Huang C and 178. ZAG2 alleles exhibited differential imprinting in hybrids of 178 × Huang C and B73 × Mo17, while in other hybrids ZAG2 alleles exhibited binary imprinting. The tissue-specific expression pattern of ZAG2 showed that ZAG2 was expressed at a high level in immature ears, suggesting that ZAG2 plays important roles in not only kernel but ear development.

关键词： Gene imprinting ZAG2 Expression pattern Endosperm embryo

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A Comparative Analysis of embryo and Endosperm Proteome from Seeds of Jatropha curcas

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2009年第9期51卷 850-857页

作者： Hui Liu Yu-Jun Liu Ming-Feng Yang Shi-Hua Shen Institute of Botany the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093 China Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Jatropha curcas is an important economic plant for biodiesel, which is extracted mainly from the endosperm of its mature seeds. Despite the morphological and functional differences between the embryo and endosperm, proteomic characteristics of the two tissues are not yet known. Similar proteomic profiles were observed in the two-dimensional gel electrophoresis maps from the two tissues. There were 380 and 533 major protein spots in the embryo and endosperm, respectively. Fourteen identical spots, showing a notable change, were selected and identified by tandem mass spectrometry. Among these proteins, dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase （spot 27） participates in tricarboxylic acid cycle, which is an amphibolic pathway. The two parts both included proteins related to stress （spots 8, 115, 118, 125, 130） and signal transduction （spots 7, 100, 108）. According to the volume percentage of proteins in embryo and endosperm, the proteins in endosperm （spots 54, 61, 73） were catabolism-related enzymes and reserves to provide the nutrition for seed germination; the proteins in embryo （spots 27, 62, 122） were inclined to anabolism and utilized the nutrition from the endosperm to generate a new life.

关键词： embryo endosperm Jatropha curcas liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry proteome.

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OS1 functions in the allocation of nutrients between the endosperm and embryo in maize seeds

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2019年第6期61卷 706-727页

作者： Weibin Song Jinjie Zhu Haiming Zhao Yingnan Li Jiangtao Liu Xiangbo Zhang Liangliang Huang Jinsheng Lai State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and National Maize Improvement Center Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding ChinaAgricultural University

Uncovering the genetic basis of seed develop-ment will provide useful tools for improving both crop yield and nutritional value, However, the genetic regulatory networks of maize (Zea mays) seed development remain largely unknown. The maize opaque endosperm and small germ 1 (osl) mutant has opaque endosperm and a small embryo,Here, we cloned OSi1 and show that it encodes a putative transcription factor containing an RWP-RK domain-Transcriptional analysis indicated that OSi1 expression is elevated in early endosperm development, especially in the basal endosperm transfer layer (BETL), conducting zone (CZ), and central starch endospcrm (CSE) cells. RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) analysis of the osi mutant revealed sharp downregulation of certain genes in specific cell types, including ZmMRP-1 and Megl in BETL cells and a majority of zein-and starch-related genes in CSE cells. Using a haploid induction system, we show that wild-type endosperm could rescue the smaller size of osi embryo, which suggests that nutrients are allocated by tho wild type endosperm. Therefore, our dsta imply that the network regulated by 051 accomplishes a key step in nutrient allocation between endosperm and embryo within maize seeds. Identification of this network will help uncover the mechanisms regulating the nutritional balance between endosperm and embryo.

关键词： 0S1 functions the allocation of nutrients between the endosperm and embryo in maize seeds^FA

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SPT6L Encoding a Putative WG/GW-Repeat Protein Regulates Apical-Basal Polarity of embryo in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2012年第1期5卷 249-259页

作者： Xiao-Lu Gu Hua Wang Hai Huang Xiao-Feng Cui National Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyShanghai Institutes for Biological SciencesChineseAcademy of Sciences300 Fenglin RoadShanghai 200032China

In eukaryotes, a protein motif consisting of WG/GW repeats, also called the Argonaute （AGO） hook, is thought to be essential for binding AGO proteins to fulfill their functions in RNA-mediated gene silencing. Although a number of WG/GW-containing proteins have been computationally identified in Arabidopsis, their roles in plant growth and development are unknown. Here, we show that the Arabidopsis Suppressor of Ty insertion 6-like （SPT6L） gene, which encodes a protein with C-terminal WG/GW repeats, plays critical roles in embryonic development. SPT6L is evolutionarily conserved only in vascular plants, with varying numbers of C-terminal WG/GW repeats, which are plant-species specific. spt61 mutants formed embryos with an aberrant apical-basal axis, showing insufficient development of the basal domain and embryonic lethality. Expression domains of the class-Ill homeodomain-leucine zipper （HD-ZIP III） genes PHABULOSA （PHB） and PHAVOLUTA （PHV） were expanded in the spt61 embryo. In contrast, the PLETHORA1 （PLT1） gene, which acts antagonistically to the HD-ZIP III genes in specification of basal fate, was severely down-regulated in the spt61 mutant. Furthermore, the phb phv double mutations partially rescued aberrant basal development in the spt61 background and restored PLT1 expression. Collectively, our results indicate that SPT6L is essential for specification of the apical-basal axis, partly by controlling the HD-ZIP III genes in embryos.

关键词： Arabidopsis embryo HD-ZIP ill polarity SPT6L.

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