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Implications of twinning on the microstructure development,crystallographic texture and mechanical performance of Mg alloys-a critical review

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2023年第11期11卷 4146-4165页

作者： Umer Masood Chaudry Hafiz Muhammad Rehan Tariq Muhammad Zubair Nooruddin Ansari Tea-Sung Jun Department of Mechanical Engineering Incheon National UniversityIncheon 22012Republic of Korea Research Institute for Engineering and Technology Incheon National UniversityIncheon 22012Republic of Korea Department of Metallurgical&Materials Engineering Faculty of ChemicalMetallurgical&Materials EngineeringUniversity of Engineering&Technology(UET)LahorePakistan Department of Materials Science&Engineering Chungnam National UniversityDaejeon 34134Republic of Korea

Deformation twinning is profusely activated in the Mg alloys due to lower critical resolved shear stress(CRSS) compared to the non-basal slip systems(prismatic and pyramidal ) and plays a significant role in texture reorientation, grain refinement and enhancement of mechanical performance. Twinning is a sequential process comprising twin nucleation, twin propagation and twin growth, hence several intrinsic and extrinsic parameters that facilitate or suppress the process have been critically reviewed. The dependence of twinning on the grain size, deformation temperature, favorable grain orientation and shear strain have been thoroughly discussed in the context of published literature and an attempt has been made to provide a benchmark conclusive finding based on the majority of works. Furthermore, the subsequent effect of twinning on the mechanical performance of Mg alloys, including ductility, formability and tension-compression asymmetry has been discussed in detail. Lastly, the stability of twins, including stress and thermal stability, is summarized and critical issues related to pertinent bottlenecks have been addressed.

关键词： Magnesium Twinning Twinning variant selection EBSD Texture ductility

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Multi-solute solid solution behavior and its effect on the properties of magnesium alloys

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2022年第7期10卷 1786-1820页

作者： Jun Wang Yuan Yuan Tao Chen Liang Wu Xianhuan Chen Bin Jiang Jingfeng Wang Fusheng Pan National Engineering Research Center for Magnesium Alloys College of Materials Science and EngineeringChongqing UniversityChongqing 400000PR China

The low-density magnesium(Mg)alloys are attractive for the application in aerospace,transportation and other weight-saving-required fields.The mechanical properties and corrosion properties of Mg alloys are the key-property issues for the wide application.It is surprising to find that the solid solution of alloying elements in theα-Mg phase can have multi-effects on the properties of Mg alloys,e.g.,solid solution strengthening,solid solution corrosion-resistance-enhancing,etc.Additionally,the alloy design theory of"solid solution strengthening and ductilizing"proposed by Pan and co-workers has attracted extensive attentions.It is promising that by selected proper multi-alloying-elements(with optimal ratio)solid solutioned in theα-Mg phase,the comprehensive properties of Mg alloys can be synergistically improved.In this work,the solid solution behavior of Mg alloys and the followed solid solution property-enhancing effects were reviewed.The mechanisms proposed recently by researchers for these solid solution property-enhancing behaviors were presented,and the related calculations and predictions were also described.It is shown the demonstrations of the fundamentals for the solid solution property-enhancing of Mg alloys,especially from the atomic inter-reaction aspects,still require elaborated characterization work and calculation work.Additionally,it could be expected that the multi-solute in Mg alloys can bring many possibilities,or,in another saying,"cocktail effects".With understanding the multi-solute interaction behavior and the corresponded solid solution property-enhancing effects,the good balanced high-performance Mg alloys can be developed.

关键词： Mg alloys Solid solution Strength ductility Corrosion-resistance

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Microstructure,mechanical properties and fracture behaviors of large-scale sand-cast Mg-3Y-2Gd-1Nd-0.4Zr alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2023年第8期11卷 2763-2775页

作者： Lixiang Yang Yuanding Huang Zhengquan Hou Lv Xiao Yuling Xu Xiwang Dong Fei Li Gerrit Kurz Baode Sun Zhongquan Li Norbert Hort Shanghai Key Lab of Advanced High-temperature Materials and Precision Forming and State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China MagIC-Magnesium Innovation Centre and Institute of Metallic Biomaterials Helmholtz-Zentrum HereonMax-Planck Straße 121502 GeesthachtGermany Shanghai Spaceflight Precision Machinery Research Institute Shanghai 201600China Institute of Material and Process Design Helmholtz-Zentrum HereonMax-Planck Straße 121502 GeesthachtGermany

In order to improve the ductility of commercial WE43 alloy and reduce its cost,a Mg-3Y-2Gd-1Nd-0.4Zr alloy with a low amount of rare earths was developed and prepared by sand casting with a differential pressure casting system.Its microstructure,mechanical properties and fracture behaviors in the as-cast,solution-treated and as-aged states were evaluated.It is found that the aged alloy exhibited excellent comprehensive mechanical properties owing to the fine dense plate-shapedβ'precipitates formed on prismatic habits during aging at 200℃for 192 hrs after solution-treated at 500℃for 24 hrs.Its ultimate tensile strength,yield strength,and elongation at ambient temperature reach to 319±10 MPa,202±2 MPa and 8.7±0.3%as well as 230±4 MPa,155±1 MPa and 16.0±0.5%at 250℃.The fracture mode of as-aged alloy was transferred from cleavage at room temperature to quasi-cleavage and ductile fracture at the test temperature 300℃.The properties of large-scale components fabricated using the developed Mg-3Y-2Gd-1Nd-0.4Zr alloy are better than those of commercial WE43 alloy,suggesting that the new developed alloy is a good candidate to fabricate the large complex thin-walled components.

关键词： Magnesium alloy WE43 Large-scale sand-cast ductility

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Superior Ductile and High-barrier Poly(lactic acid)Films by Constructing Oriented Nanocrystals as Efficient Reinforcement of Chain Entanglement Network and Promising Barrier Wall

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2022年第10期40卷 1201-1212,I0009页

作者： Lin Zhou Ping-Ping Xu Shi-Hao Ni Ling Xu Hao Lin Gan-Ji Zhong Hua-Dong Huang Zhong-Ming Li Collge of Polymer Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China

It is a daunting task to develop a promising strategy at an industrial scale for simultaneously ameliorating ductility and gas barrier performance of poly(lactic acid)(PLA)films in the application of green packaging.In this work,biaxial stretching and constrained annealing were employed to prepare transparent PLA films with superior ductility and barrier properties.The oriented nano-sized crystals induced by biaxial stretching were developed into regularαform during constrained annealing,which could not only serve as“nano-barrier wall”to impede the diffusion and dissolution of gas molecules,but also strengthen amorphous chain entanglement network as physical crosslink to enhance ductility.As a result,the as-prepared PLA films exhibited an outstanding comprehensive performance with a low oxygen and water vapor permeability coefficient of 0.733×10^(-14) cm^(3)·cm·cm^(-2)·s^(-1)·Pa^(-1) and 3.82×10^(-14) g·cm·cm^(-2)·s^(-1)·Pa^(-1),respectively,outstanding ductility with elongation at break of 66.0%,high yield strength of 84.2 MPa,and good transparency of more than 80%at 550 nm.The new insight in the relationship between microscopic amorphous and crystalline structure and macroscopic performance is conducive to alleviating the intrinsic defects of brittle and insufficient barrier PLA films without the aid of any heterogenous modifiers,facilitating their widespread commercialization in the booming sustainable packaging market.

关键词： Poly(lactic acid)films Biaxial stretching Constrained annealing Gas barrier properties ductility

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Deformation mechanisms for a new medium-Mn steel with 1.1 GPa yield strength and 50% uniform elongation

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第1期132卷 110-118页

作者： Wei Wang Yanke Liu Zihan Zhang Muxin Yang Lingling Zhou Jing Wang Ping Jiang Fuping Yuan Xiaolei Wu State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics Institute of MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Engineering Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

A new medium-Mn steel was designed to achieve unprecedented tensile properties,with a yield strength beyond 1.1 GPa and a uniform elongation over 50%.The tensile behavior shows a heterogeneous deforma-tion feature,which displays a yield drop followed by a large Lüders band strain and several Portevin-Le Châtelier bands.Multiple strain hardening mechanisms for excellent tensile properties were revealed.Firstly,non-uniform martensite transformation occurs only within a localized deformation band,and ini-tiation and propagation of every localized deformation band need only a small amount of martensite transformation,which can provide a persistent and complete transformation-induced-plasticity effect dur-ing a large strain range.Secondly,geometrically necessary dislocations induced from macroscopic strain gradient at the front of localized deformation band and microscopic strain gradient among various phases provide strong heter-deformation-induced hardening.Lastly,martensite formed by displacive shear trans-formation can inherently generate a high density of mobile screw dislocations,and interstitial C atoms segregated at phase boundaries and enriched in austenite play a vital role in the dislocation multipli-cation due to the dynamic strain aging effect,and these two effects provide a high density of mobile dislocations for strong strain hardening.

关键词： Medium-Mn steel Strain hardening ductility Martensite transformation Strain gradient Mobile dislocations

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Design and optimization of the composition and mechanical properties for non-equiatomic CoCrNi medium-entropy alloys

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第8期139卷 232-244页

作者： J.X.Yan Z.J.Zhang P.Zhang J.H.Liu H.Yu Q.M.Hu J.B.Yang Z.F.Zhang Shi-changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing Jiaotong UniversityChongqing 400074China chool of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang 110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China School of Information Science and Engineering Shenyang University of TechnologyShenyang 111003China

The development of multi-principal element alloys(MPEAs,also called as high-or medium-entropy al-loys,HEAs/MEAs)provides tremendous possibilities for materials innovation.However,designing MPEAs with desirable mechanical properties confronts great challenges due to their vast composition space.In this work,we provide an essential criterion to efficiently screen the CoCrNi MEAs with outstanding strength-ductility combinations.The negative Gibbs free energy difference△E_(FCC-BCC)between the face-centered cubic(FCC)and body-centered cubic(BCC)phases,the enhancement of shear modulus G and the decline of stacking fault energy(SFE)γ_(isf)are combined as three requisites to improve the FCC phase stability,yield strength,deformation mechanisms,work-hardening ability and ductility in the criterion.The effects of chemical composition on△E_(FCC-BCC),G andγisf were investigated with the first principles calculations for Co_(x)Cr_(33)Ni_(67-x),Co_(33)Cr_(y)Ni_(67-y)and Co_(z)Cr_(66-z)Ni_(34)(0≤x,y≤67 and 0≤z≤66)alloys.Based on the essential criterion and the calculation results,the composition space that displays the neg-ative Gibbs free energy difference△E_(FCC-BCC),highest shear modulus G and lowest SFEγ_(isf)was screened with the target on the combination of high strength and excellent ductility.In this context,the optimal composition space of Co-Cr-Ni alloys was predicted as 60 at.%-67 at.%Co,30 at.%-35 at.%Cr and 0 at.%-6 at.%Ni,which coincides well with the previous experimental evidence for Co_(55)Cr_(40)Ni_(5)alloys.The valid-ity of essential criterion is further proved after systematic comparison with numerous experimental data,which demonstrates that the essential criterion can provide significant guidance for the quick exploitation of strong and ductile MEAs and promote the development and application of MPEAs.

关键词： Medium-entropy alloys First-principles calculations Phase stability Stacking-fault energy Strength ductility

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Machine-learning-assisted discovery of empirical rule for inherent brittleness of full Heusler alloys

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第36期131卷 1-13页

作者： Hao-Xuan Liu Hai-Le Yan Nan Jia Shuai Tang Daoyong Cong Bo Yang Zongbin Li Yudong Zhang Claude Esling Xiang Zhao Liang Zuo Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials(Ministry of Education) School of Material Science and EngineeringNortheastern UniversityShenyang 110819China State Key Lab of Rolling and Automation Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and MaterialsUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Laboratoire d’Étude des Microstructures et de Mécanique des Matériaux(LEM3) CNRS UMR 7239Universitéde LorraineMetz 57045France

Brittleness is a critical issue hindering the potential application of the X_2YZ-type full Heusler alloys in several fields of state-of-the-art technologies.To realize optimization of brittleness or design a ductile Heuser alloy,it is greatly urgent to identify the key materials factors deciding brittleness and establish an empirical rule to effectively evaluate ductility.For this purpose,by using a machine learning and human analysis cooperation approach,the brittleness of the X_2YZ-type Heusler alloys was systematically studied.Results showed that the ductility is majorly decided by 6 key materials factors in the studied alloys.Using these 6 factors,a machine learning model to predict the Pugh's ratio k was constructed.Further analyses showed that the crystal structure of the X component could be the most critical factor deciding the ductility.The X component has the face-centered cubic(FCC)structure for most of the alloys with superior ductility.To effectively estimate ductility and guide materials design,an empirical formula of k=mEWF_(m+n)G_(m)+k_(0)was established based on the known information of electron work function(EWF)and shear modulus(G)of the X,Y,and Z elements where the subscript m represents the weight-average value.The coefficients of m(negative)and n(positive)were confirmed to have opposite signs,which can be explained based on the relations between the ductility and the deformation/fracture resistance.This work is expected to deepen the understanding in ductility and promote the design of advanced ductile Heusler alloys.

关键词： Heusler alloy Machine learning ductility Empirical formula Pugh's ratio k

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Effects of twin orientation and twin boundary spacing on the plastic deformation behaviors in Ni nanowires

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第4期135卷 231-240页

作者： Ying Zhang Yuxuan Hou He Zheng Ligong Zhao Shuangfeng Jia Kaixuan Li Huayu Peng Peili Zhao Lei Li Weiwei Meng Renhui Jiang Jianbo Wang School of Physics and Technology Center for Electron MicroscopyMOE Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro-and Nano-structures and Institute for Advanced StudiesWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Suzhou Institute of Wuhan University Suzhou 215123China Wuhan University Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen 518057China

Spreading twins throughout nano metals has been proved to effectively mediate the mechanical behaviors in face-centered-cubic(fcc)metals.However,the experimental investigation concerning the roles of twin boundary(TB)during deformation is rarely reported.Here,with the joint efforts of in-situ nanomechani-cal testing and theoretical studies,we provide a systematic investigation regarding the effects of TB orien-tation(θ,the angle between tensile loading direction and the normal of TB)and spacing on deformation mechanisms in Ni nanowires(NWs).As compared with single-crystalline counterparts,it is found that nano-twinned(nt)NWs withθ∼0°exhibit limited ductility,whereas TB can serve as an effective block-age to the dislocation propagation.In contrast,in nt NWs withθ∼20°and 55°,TB migration/detwinning induced by TB-dislocation reaction or partial dislocation movement dominates the plasticity,which con-tributes to enhanced NW ductility.Regarding nt NWs withθ∼90°,dislocations are found to be able to transmit through the TBs,suggesting the limited effect of TB on the NW stretchability.Furthermore,de-creasing TB spacing(λ)can facilitate the detwinning process and thus greatly enhance the ductility of NW withθ∼55°.This study uncovers the distinct roles that TB can play during mechanical deforma-tions in fcc NWs and provides an atomistic view into the direct linkage between macroscopic mechanical properties and microscopic deformation modes.

关键词： In-situ tension test Twin orientation Twin boundary migration ductility Nano-twinned Ni nanowires

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Highly ductile hypereutectic Al-Si alloys fabricated by selective laser melting

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第15期110卷 84-95页

作者： Yafeng Yang Kang Geng Shaofu Li Michael Bermingham R.D.K.Misra State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering University of QueenslandSaint LuciaQueensland 4072Australia Department of Metallurgical Materials and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Texas at El Paso500 W University AvenueEl PasoTX 79968USA

In the endeavor to maximize the refinement effect of primary Si and alleviate the inherent brittleness of hypereutectic Al-Si alloy,the approach of coating P as a modifier on powder was adopted.The ultimate aim was to create more heterogeneous fine Al P nucleus and enhance the nucleation efficiency of primary Si on Al P to refine the coarse primary Si to nano-scale during 3D printing.In the combination of large undercooling and high density of nucleation sites,the size of primary Si was successfully refined to 200–300 nm and the divorced eutectic was also induced to modify the microstructure of matrix.In the presence of nano-scale primary Si,the melting pool boundary(MPB)feature disappeared and the fracture mechanism also changed from load transfer to interfacial fracture.Compared with the pristine alloy,the ductility was increased four times without significantly changing the ultimate tensile strength(UTS)and wear resistance.The improvement of ductility is attributed to the refinement of primary Si,the disappearance of MPB features and the formation of divorced eutectic.The optimal tensile properties were:UTS-482 MPa,yield strength-320 MPa and ductility of 8.1%at 0.05 wt.%P.These are comparable to those for high-strength Al alloys.

关键词： Al-Si alloys Heterogeneous nucleation ductility Powder processing Selective laser melting

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Effect of Grain Boundary Engineering on the Work Hardening Behavior of AL6XN Super‑Austenitic Stainless Steel

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2023年第4期36卷 681-693页

作者： X.J.Guan Z.P.Jia M.A.Nozzari Varkani X.W.Li Department of Materials Physics and Chemistry School of Materials Science and EngineeringNortheastern UniversityShenyang 110819China State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials Ministry of EducationNortheastern UniversityShenyang 110819China

To examine the influence of grain boundary engineering(GBE)on the work hardening behavior,the tensile tests were carried out on the non-GBE and GBE AL6XN super-austenitic stainless steel(ASS)samples with a comparable grain size at two strain rates of 10^(-2)s^(-1)and 10^(-4)s^(-1).The evolution of deformation microstructures was revealed by transmission electron microscopy(TEM)and quasi-in situ electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD)observations.The results show that the influence of GBE on the mechanical properties of AL6XN super-ASS is mainly manifested in the change of work hardening behavior.At the early stage of plastic deformation,GBE samples show a slightly lowered work hardening rate,since the special grain boundaries(SBs)of a high fraction induce a higher dislocation free path and a weaker back stress;however,with increasing plastic deformation amount,the work hardening rate of GBE samples gradually surpasses that of non-GBE samples due to the better capacity of maintainable work hardening that is profited from the inhibited dislocation annihilation by SBs.In a word,the enhanced capacity of sustained work hardening effectively postpones the appearance of necking point and thus efficaciously ameliorates the ductility of GBE samples under the premise of little changes in yield strength and ultimate tensile strength.

关键词： AL6XN super-austenitic stainless steel Grain boundary engineering Work hardening behavior Quasi-in situ observation ductility

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