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Spatially resolved transcriptomic profiling of placental development in dairy cow

Zoological Research 2024年第3期45卷 586-600页

作者： Guang-Hui Tan Shi-Jie Liu Ming-Le Dou De-Feng Zhao Ao Zhang Heng-Kuan Li Fu-Nong Luo Tao Shi Hao-Ping Wang Jing-Yuan Lei Yong Zhang Yu Jiang Yi Zheng Fei Wang Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi ProvinceCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China College of Information Engineering Northwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxi 712100China

The placenta plays a crucial role in successful mammalian reproduction.Ruminant animals possess a semi-invasive placenta characterized by a highly vascularized structure formed by maternal endometrial caruncles and fetal placental cotyledons,essential for full-term fetal development.The cow placenta harbors at least two trophoblast cell populations:uninucleate(UNC)and binucleate(BNC)cells.However,the limited capacity to elucidate the transcriptomic dynamics of the placental natural environment has resulted in a poor understanding of both the molecular and cellular interactions between trophoblast cells and niches,and the molecular mechanisms governing trophoblast differentiation and functionalization.To fill this knowledge gap,we employed Stereo-seq to map spatial gene expression patterns at near single-cell resolution in the cow placenta at 90 and 130 days of gestation,attaining high-resolution,spatially resolved gene expression profiles.Based on clustering and cell marker gene expression analyses,key transcription factors,including YBX1 and NPAS2,were shown to regulate the heterogeneity of trophoblast cell subpopulations.Cell communication and trajectory analysis provided a framework for understanding cell-cell interactions and the differentiation of trophoblasts into BNCs in the placental microenvironment.Differential analysis of cell trajectories identified a set of genes involved in regulation of trophoblast differentiation.Additionally,spatial modules and co-variant genes that help shape specific tissue structures were identified.Together,these findings provide foundational insights into important biological pathways critical to the placental development and function in cows.

关键词： Spatial transcriptomics dairy cow Placenta Gestation

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Heat stress affects dairy cow health status through blood oxygen availability

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第6期14卷 2663-2673页

作者： Jia Zeng Jie Cai Diming Wang Hongyun Liu Huizeng Sun Jianxin Liu Key Laboratory of dairy cow Genetic Improvement and Milk Quality Research of Zhejiang Province College of Animal SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina

Background Rises in global warming and extreme weather occurrence make the risk of heat stress(HS)induced by high ambient temperatures more likely in high-yielding dairy cows,resulting in low milk quality and yield.In ani-mals,oxygen is involved in many physiological and metabolic processes,but the effects of HS on oxygen metabolism remain unclear.Thus,the current study aimed to investigate how oxygen metabolism plays a role in health status of dairy cows by measuring the milk yield,milk composition,and blood biochemical variables of cows under different levels of HS:none(No-HS),mild(Mild-HS),and moderate HS(Mod-HS).Results The HS significantly increased rectal temperature(Ptreatcows under No-HS.Malondialdehyde increased during Mod-HS,and glu-tathione peroxidase(Pcows under Mod-HS than those under No-HS.Red blood cell count(Pdairy cows under Mild-and Mod-HS than those of cows under No-HS.Conclusions Exposure to HS negatively impacts the health status and lactation performance of dairy cows by limit-ing oxygen metabolism and transportation.However,the specific mechanism by which HS affects mammary function in cows remains unclear and requires further exploration.

关键词： dairy cow Health status Heat stress Lactation performance Oxygen metabolism

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Repeated inoculation with rumen fluid accelerates the rumen bacterial transition with no benefit on production performance in postpartum Holstein dairy cows

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 795-811页

作者： Fanlin Kong Feiran Wang Yijia Zhang Shuo Wang Wei Wang Shengli Li Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control State Key Laboratory of Animal NutritionDepartment of Animal Nutrition and Feed ScienceCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193PR China College of Veterinary Medicine Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210095PR China

Background The dairy cow’s postpartum period is characterized by dramatic physiological changes,therefore imposing severe challenges on the animal for maintaining health and milk output.The dynamics of the ruminal microbiota are also tremendous and may play a crucial role in lactation launch.We aim to investigate the potential benefits of early microbial intervention by fresh rumen microbiota transplantation(RMT)and sterile RMT in postpartum dairy cows.Twelve fistulated peak-lactation dairy cows were selected to be the donors for rumen fluid collection.Thirty postpartum cows were divided into 3 groups as the transplantation receptors respectively receiving 10 L fresh rumen fluid(FR),10 L sterile rumen fluid(SR),or 10 L saline(CON)during 3 d after calving.Results Production performance,plasma indices,plasma lipidome,ruminal microbiome,and liver transcriptome were recorded.After fresh and sterile RMT,we found that the molar proportion of propionic acid was increased on d 7 in the FR and SR groups and the bacterial composition was also significantly changed when compared with the CON group.A similarity analysis showed that the similarities between the CON group and FR or SR group on d 7 were 48.40%or 47.85%,whereas the similarities between microbiota on d 7 and 21 in the FR and SR groups were 68.34%or 66.85%.Dry matter intake and feed efficiency were not affected by treatments.Plasmaβ-hydroxybutyrate concentration in the FR group was decreased and significantly different lipids mainly included phosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidylcholine containing polyunsaturated fatty acids.Hepatic transcriptomics analysis indicated acutephase response pathways were upregulated in the SR group.Conclusions Our study suggests that RMT can shorten the transition process of the ruminal microbiota of postpartum dairy cows with no benefit on dry matter intake or feed efficiency.Inoculation with rumen fluid may not be a useful approach to promote the recovery of postpartum dairy cows.

关键词： dairy cow Lipidomics Liver Rumen microbiota transplantation Transition period

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Effect of red clover isoflavones on hormone, immune, inflammatory,and plasma biochemistry in lactating dairy cows

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 306-312页

作者： Shiqi Zhang Xiaoyin Zhang Zhanbo Xiong Kexin Li Yuan Gao Ying Bu Nan Zheng Shengguo Zhao Jiaqi Wang State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Institute of Animal Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

This study was to conducted to investigate the effect of red clover isoflavones on the health indicated by immune status and blood biochemistry in dairy cows. Sixty-eight healthy Holstein lactating cows were randomly divided into four treatments(n = 17 per treatment) from 5 blocks according to milk yield using a randomized complete block design. No initial differences in parity(2.13 ± 1.21), days in milk(165 ± 21 d), and milk yield(33.93 ± 3.81 kg/d) between groups. cows were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0, 2, 4, or 8 g/kg red clover extract(RCE) in diet(dry matter based). Feeding, refusal feed weights, and milk yield were recorded three consecutive days in weeks 0, 4, 8, and 12. Blood was collected from the tail vein of the cows on the last day of weeks 4, 8 and 12, 1 h after the morning feeding,and analyzed for hormones, immunoglobulins, inflammatory markers, and markers of liver and kidney activities. The dry matter intake was significantly decreased by 3.7% in the 8 g/kg group(P 0.05). These results recommend the supplementation of RCE at a level from 2 to4 g/kg DM.

关键词： dairy cow Red clover isoflavone Immunity Anti-inflammatory

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Sainfoin(Onobrychis viciifolia)silage in dairy cow rations reduces ruminal biohydrogenation and increases transfer efficiencies of unsaturated fatty acids from feed to milk

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Animal Nutrition 2020年第3期6卷 333-341页

作者： Nguyen Thi Huyen Martin W.A.Verstegen Wouter H.Hendriks Wilbert F.Pellikaan Animal Nutrition Group Wageningen UniversityPO Box 338Wageningen6700 AHthe Netherlands Department of Farm Animal Health Utrecht UniversityPO Box 80.163Utrecht3508 TDthe Netherlands

The effects of replacing grass silage by sainfoin silage in a total mixed ration(TMR)based diet on fatty acid(FA)reticular inflow and milk FA profile of dairy cows was investigated.The experiment followed a crossover design with 2 dietary treatments.The control diet consisted of grass silage,corn silage,concentrate and linseed.In the sainfoin diet,half of the grass silage was replaced by a sainfoin silage.Six rumen cannulated lactating multiparous dairy cows with a metabolic body weight of 132.5±3.6 kg BW^0.75,214±72 d in milk and an average milk production of 23.1±2.8 kg/d were used in the experiment.cows were paired based on parity and milk production.Within pairs,cows were randomly assigned to either the control diet or the sainfoin diet for 2 experimental periods(29 d per period).In each period,the first 21 d,cows were housed individually in tie-stalls for adaptation,then next 4 d cows were housed individually in climate-controlled respiration chambers to measure CH4.During the last 4 d,cows were housed individually in tie stalls to measure milk FA profile and determine FA reticular inflow using the reticular sampling technique with Cr-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt dihydrate(EDTA)and Yb-acetate used as digesta flow markers.Although the dietary C18:3n-3 intake was lower(P=0.025)in the sainfoin diet group,the mono-unsaturated FA reticular inflow was greater(P=0.042)in cows fed the sainfoin diet.The reticular inflow of trans-9,trans-12-C18:2 and cis-12,trans-10 C18:2 was greater(P≤0.024)in the sainfoin diet group.The cows fed sainfoin diet had a lower(P≤0.038)apparent ruminal biohydrogenation of cis-9-C18:1 and C18:3n-3,compared to the cows fed the control diet.The sainfoin diet group had greater(P≤0.018)C18:3n-3 and cis-9,cis-12-C18:2 proportions in the milk FA profile compared to the control diet group.Transfer efficiencies from feed to milk of C18:2,C18:3n-3 and unsaturated FA were greater(P≤0.0179)for the sainfoin diet.Based on the results,it could be concluded that replacing grass silage by

关键词： Sainfoin silage Reticular inflow Milk fatty acid profile dairy cow

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Evaluating Fecal Sieving Tool as an Indicator of Feed Valorization and the Impact of Feeding Strategy on dairy cow Performance under Farm Conditions

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农业科学(英文) 2023年第10期14卷 1420-1435页

作者： Nizar Salah Héloïse Legendre Laurine Faivre Maxime Briche Raphael Gourdon Valentin Nenov Phileo by Lesaffre Marcq-en-Baroeul France Huvepharma Flemish Region Antwerp Belgium

The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of a faeces sieving tool “Digescan” as an indicator of feed valorization, and to test the influence of feeding strategy on fecal particle size (PS) distribution and weight, milk performance and the possible association between them. Data from 95 trials were used. During each trial, two periods were identified: before and during live yeast probiotic (LYP) supplementation. The LYP used at 5 g/d/cow was Saccharomyces cerevisiae (CNCM I-4407, 1010 CFU/g, Actisaf® Sc47;Phileo by Lesaffre, France). Milk yield and composition were recorded. Fecal samples were taken at the end of each period and sieved with a set of two wire-mesh screens with pore sizes of 5 mm and 2 mm under running tap water. Yeast probiotic supplementation significantly reduced (P 5 mm was accompanied by 1.2 and 0.65 kg/d decrease in MY, 2.5 and 2 kg/d decrease in ECM and 3.2 and 2.6 kg/d in FCM before and during LYP supplementation, respectively. Fecal particle distribution appears to be a practicable tool to predict influences of feeding systems on feed valorization and performance in dairy cows. Live yeast increases dairy performance and decreases the quantity of fecal particles remaining in the two sieves after rinsing.

关键词： Feces Sieving Yeast Probiotic dairy cow Milk Particle Size

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Metabolic Regulation of Mammary Gland Epithelial Cells of dairy cow by Galactopoietic Compound Isolated from Vaccariae segetalis

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2011年第7期10卷 1106-1116页

作者： TONG Hui-li GAO Xue-jun LI Qing-zhang LIU Jie LI Nan WAN Zhong-ying Key Laboratory of dairy Science Ministry of Education/Life College Northeast Agricultural University Harbin 150030 P.R.China

In previous experiment, we isolated a compound dibutyl phthalate （DBP） from Vaccaria segetalis which had galactopoietic function on mammary gland epithelial cells of dairy cow （DCMECs）. In this experiment, we ascertained the metabolic regulation function of DBP on DCMECs. Many genes related to lactation including Stat5, AMPK, b-casein, Glut1, SREBP-1, PEPCK, and ACC were detected by real-time PCR. Furthermore, Stat5 and AMPK were detected by Western blot and immunofluorescence co-localization, respectively. The results showed that DBP stimulates the expression of Stat5 and p-Stat5, thus activates Stat5 cell signal transduction pathway and stimulates b-casein synthesis. DBP also raises the activities of Glut1 and AMPK to stimulate glucose uptake and glycometabolism and activates the expression of AMPK downstream target genes PEPCK and ACC and expression of SREBP-1 to stimulate milk fat synthesis. In addition, the activities of HK, G-6-PDH, ICDH, ATPase, and energy charges were stimulated by DBP to increase the energy metabolism level of DCMECs. The results showed DBP stimulates energy metabolism related to galactopoietic function in DCMECs.

关键词： Vaccaria segetalis DBP dairy cow mammary gland epithelial cell metabolic regulation

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Influence on Cellular Signal Transduction Pathway in dairy cow Mammary Gland Epithelial Cells by Galactopoietic Compound Isolated from Vaccariae segetalis

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2011年第4期10卷 619-630页

作者： WAN Zhong-ying TONG Hui-li LI Qing-zhang GAO Xue-jun Key Laboratory of dairy Science Ministry of Education~Northeast Agricultural University Harbin 150030 P.R.China

The galactopoietic mechanism of Vaccaria segetalis is still unknown. Understanding dibutyl phthalate （DBP） separated from Vaccaria segetalis on the expression of lactation signal transduction genes of mammary gland epithelial cells, including prlr, erα, akt1, socs2, pparγ and elf5, will be helpful to reveal the molecular mechanism. Western blot and qRT- PCR were used to study the change of prlr, erα, akt, socs2, pparγ, and elf5 expression at mRNA and protein level. Co- localization expression of prolactin receptor （PRLR） and estrogen receptor α （ERα） was observed by immunofluorescence; the expression changes of miRNAs （21, 125b, 143, and 195） and the secretion of β-casein and lactose were detected by qRT-PCR and RP-HPLC. The results showed that Vaccaria segetalis active compound had similar fuctions as estrogen and/or prolactin （PRL） in dairy cow mammary gland epithelial cells （DCMECs）, increased the expressions of prlr, erα, akt1, and elf5 genes, while repressed pparγ expressions. DBP promoted socs2 mRNA expression, but its protein expressions were repressed. Furthermore, both DBP and PRL could repress the expressions of miRNA-125b, miRNA-143 and miRNA- 195 in DCMECs. DBP could repress the expression of miRNA-21, while the influence of PRL on miRNA-21 was not certain. DBP could promote the lactation ability of DCMECs by regulating the ER and PRLR cellular signal transduction pathway.

关键词： Vaccaria segetalis DBP dairy cow mammary gland epithelial cells signal transduction miRNAs

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Development of a PCR Diagnostic Kit for Cryptosporidium andersoni in dairy cow

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2007年第4期6卷 493-498页

作者： ZHOU Rong-qiong LI Guo-qing XIAO Shu-min LI Wei-hua College of Veterinary Medicine South China Agricultural University Guangzhou 510642 P.R.China Department of Veterinary Medicine Rongchang Campus Southwest University Chongqing 402460 P.R.China

Cryptosporidiosis is an important zoonosis caused by the Cryptosporidium species. To develop a PCR diagnostic kit for molecular detection and differential diagnosis of Cryptosporidium spp., a portion of ITS-1 sequence of Cryptosporidium. andersoni was chosen as the target DNA for designing the species-specific primers （ZRQF/ZR）. The kit components were determined after the PCR amplification conditions were serially optimized. A series of tests were conducted in the specificity, sensitivity, stability, reproducibility, and stored period of the kit, respectively. The results showed that only C. andersoni were amplified specific band of about 500 bp, while Cryptosporidium. parvum, Cryptosporidium. baileyi, Eimeria sp of dairy cow, Toxoplasma gondii, Eimeria sp of pig, Ascaris suum, Cyclospora sp, and E. coli could not be amplified. 254 oocysts of C. andersoni was the lowest number that could be detected using the kit. The kit worked well after being stored at room temperature, 4 and -20℃ for nine months. Fecal specimens, which were collected from a total of 243 calves on four different dairy farms in Guangdong Province, China, and one dairy farm in Henan Province, China, were examined using the kit; the positive rate of the kit was 2-13% higher than that of the routine methods. The results indicated that the kit can detect fecal samples faster, more sensitively, and conveniently, and can provide a useful tool for the identification and differentiation of C. andersoni from the other Cryptosporidium species; it also has implications for further studies on molecular epidemiology and differential diagnostics of cryptosporidiosis in animals.

关键词： Cryptosporidium andersoni ITS-1 diagnostic kit detection dairy cow

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Comparative Research on Facultative Anaerobic Cellulose Decomposing Bacteria Screened from Soil and Rumen Content and Diet of dairy cow

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Journal of Northeast Agricultural University(English Edition) 2018年第1期25卷 40-46页

作者： Li Yan-fang Wang Lei Liang Zi-chao Zhang Mei-mei Wang Jing-jing Liu Da-sen College of Animal Sciences and Technology Northeast Agricultural University College of Science Northeast Agricultural University

Twenty-nine facultative anaerobic cellulose-degrading bacteria were isolated from soil, rumen fluid, rumen residues and diet of dairy cow. Based on 16 Sr DNA analysis by BLAST algorithm method, the results showed that most of the strains were Bacillus genera, and six of the 29 strains were bigger than 10 mm of diameter of clear zones. For them, two strains were isolated from rumen fluid(L5 and L7) and other two were isolated from rumen residue(N5 and N9), while others were isolated from soil(T1) and diet(S6), respectively. Strains from rumen fluid and residue had higher activities of FPCase and CMCase, but lower β-glucosidases.

关键词： dairy cow facultative anaerobic cellulose-decomposing bacterium cellulase characteristic 16Sr DNA gene analysis

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