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Individual dairy Cattle Recognition Based on Deep Convolutional Neural Network

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Journal of Donghua University(English Edition) 2018年第2期35卷 107-112页

作者： ZHANG Mandun SHAN Xinyuan YU Jinsu GUO Yingchun LI Ruiwen XU Mingquan School of Computer Science and Engineering Hebei University of Technology Tianjin 300401 China Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Big Data Calculation Tianfin 300401 China Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine College Agricultural University of Hebei Baoding 071000 China

Image based individual dairy cattle recognition has gained much attention recently. In order to further improve the accuracy of individual dairy cattle recognition, an algorithm based on deep convolutional neural network( DCNN) is proposed in this paper,which enables automatic feature extraction and classification that outperforms traditional hand craft features. Through making multigroup comparison experiments including different network layers,different sizes of convolution kernel and different feature dimensions in full connection layer,we demonstrate that the proposed method is suitable for dairy cattle classification. The experimental results show that the accuracy is significantly higher compared to two traditional image processing algorithms: scale invariant feature transform( SIFT) algorithm and bag of feature( BOF) model.

关键词： deep learning deep convolutional neural network(DCNN) dairy cattle individual recognition

Antimicrobial drug resistance of Staphylococcus aureus in dairy products

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2011年第2期1卷 130-132页

作者： Sasidharan S Prema B Yoga Latha L Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine(INFORMM) Universiti Sains Malaysia Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Applied SciencesAIMST UniversityJalan Bedong-SemelingBatu 3 1/2Bukit Air Nasi

Objective:To evaluate the prevalence of multidrug resistant Staphylococcus aureus(***) in dairy ***:Isolation and identification of *** were performed in 3 dairybased food *** isolates were tested for their susceptibility to 5 different common antimicrobial ***:Of 50 samples examined,5(10%) were contaminated with 5. ***,the 5 isolates were subjected to antimicrobial resistance pattern using five antibiotic discs(methicillin,vancomycin,kanamycin,chloramphenicol and tetracycline).Sample 29 showed resistance to methicillin and *** 18 showed intermediate response to *** other samples were susceptible to all the antibiotics ***:The results provide preliminary data on sources of food contamination which may act as vehicles for the transmission of antimicrobial-resistant ***,it enables us to develop preventive strategies to avoid the emergence of new strains of resistant ***.

关键词： Antimicrobial drug resistance Staphylococcus aureus Milk dairy product

Detection of bacterial biofilm in uterine of repeat breeder dairy cows

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2017年第3期6卷 136-139页

作者： Mohammad Rahim Ahmadi Abdollah Derakhshandeh Sadegh Shirian Yahya Daneshbod Maryam Ansari-Lari Saeid Nazifi Departments of Clinical Sciences School of Veterinary MedicineShiraz UniversityShirazIran Departments of Pathobiology School of Veterinary MedicineShiraz UniversityShirazIran Department of Pathology School of Veterinary MedicineShahrekord UniversityShahrkordIran Shiraz Molecular Research Center Dr Daneshbod LabShirazIran Departments of Food Hygiene and Public Health School of Veterinary MedicineShiraz UniversityShirazIran

Objective:To determine the possibility of presence of bacterial biofilm in the uterus of repeat breeder cows and to evaluate the effect of mucolytic agent in cleanup of uterus from biofilm. Methods: Twenty repeat breeder cows were selected from a large commercial dairy farm near Shiraz, Fars province, southern Iran. Uterine secretion samples were collected before and after uterine lavage with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) 10% solution and periodic acid Schiff (PAS) staining was used to detect bacterial biofilm in uterine samples. After sampling, all cows were treated with two doses of PGF2 and intrauterine infusion of Cefquinome sulphate. Artificial insemination (AI) was performed after ***: Bacterial biofilms were found in 12 out of 20 animals (60%) in the first sampling with sterile saline lavage (before DMSO) and in 7 cows (35%) after DMSO lavage. Fourteen cows (70%) became pregnant after AI. This evidence showed the presence of bacterial biofilm in the uterus of dairy cows for the first time. Although non-significant, decrease in biofilm detection after DMSO lavage may suggest the potential ability of mucolytic agent for cleaning the uterus from bacterial biofilm. Also, high pregnancy rate after antibiotic treatment in the present study might be attributed to improved effect of antibiotic following lavage of uterine by ***:These findings should be investigated in future researches with more sample size.

关键词： Bacterial biofilm dairy cow Mucolytic agent Repeat breeder Uterine

The effect of polymorphism in gene of insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰ on the serum periparturient concentration in Holstein dairy cows

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012年第10期2卷 765-769页

作者： A Mirzaei H Sharifiyazdi MR Ahmadi T Ararooti A Rowshan Ghasrodashti A Kadivar Department of Clinical Science School of Veterinary MedicineShiraz University Islamic Azad University Kazerun Branch Research Institute of Animal Embryo Technology Shahrekord University

Objective:To investigate the relationship between polymorphism within the 5'-untranslated region(5'-UTR)of IGF-I gene and its periparturient concentration in Iranian Holstein dairy ***:Blood samples(5 mL,n=37)were collected by caudal venipuncture from each animal into sample lubes containing the EDTA and DNA was extracted from *** order to measure ICF-I concentration the collection of blood samples(n=111)was also done at 14 d before calving(prepartum),25 and 45 d ***:We found evidence for a significant effect of C to T mutation in position 512 of IGF-I gene on its serum concentration in dairy cows in *** with CC genotype had significantly higher concentration(Mean-SD)of IGF-I at 14 d prepartum(91.8±18.1)μg/L compared to those with TT genotype(73.3±14.4)μg/L(P=0.04).A significant trend(quadratic)was found for IGF-I concentration,as higher in CC cows compared to ones with TT genotype,during the 14 d before calving to 45 d postpartum(P=0.01).Conclusions:We concluded that C/T transition in the promoter region of IGF-I gene can influence the serum concentration of ICF-I in periparturient dairy cows.

关键词： Polymorphism Insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰ(IGF-Ⅰ) Serum concentration Periparturient dairy cows

dairy Product Consumption in French Children in 2010

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2015年第6期6卷 562-570页

作者： V. Coxam C. Marmonier E. Chazelle B. Coudray Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique Unité Mixte de Recherche 1019 Unitéde Nutrition Humaine Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne Clermont-Ferrand France Direction des Affaires Scientifiques/Service Recherche Nutrition-Santé Centre National Interprofessionnel de l’Economie Laitière Paris France Centre de Recherche et d’Information Nutritionnelles Paris France

dairy food consumption is important for children as it contributes to the intake of key nutrients, especially calcium. The aim of the present paper is to provide an overview of dairy products consumption for French children, according to age, sex and type of dairy products. Adequacy of dairy and calcium intakes in line with French national guidelines “3 portions of dairy products per day” were also evaluated. Data were extracted and analyzed from the CCAF—Comportementet Consommations Alimentairesen France-study. Seven-day questionnaires were administered to free-living individuals from autumn 2009 to summer 2010. Subjects were children (n = 1171) aged 3 - 17 years. dairy products contributed substantially to the intake of calcium, phosphorus, potassium, zinc, vitamin B2 and vitamin B12. A general decrease in DP consumption has been observed since 2003. This is most notably due to a lower milk intake which is not compensated by increased cheese or fresh dairy products. Most of children (67%), and up to 73% of adolescents (15 - 17 y), did not reach the recommended “3 servings of dairy products per day”. Twenty percent of children from the age of 6 and nearly 2/3 of female adolescents did not reach their estimated average requirement for calcium. The overview of French dairy food consumption during childhood, of particular Public Health concern, emphasizes the need to encourage dairy consumption and particularly milk consumption at breakfast in order to maintain a nutrient adequacy in children and adolescents.

关键词： dairy Products Calcium Intake Children Public Health

dairy Farming Systems’ Adaptation to Climate Change

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Agricultural Sciences 2016年第3期7卷 137-145页

作者： Emiliana Silva Armando Brito Mendes Henrique José Duarte Rosa CEEAplA Departamento de Ciências Agrárias Universidade dos A&#231ores Angra do Heroísmo Portugal CEEAplA Departamento de Matemática Universidade dos A&#231ores Ponta Delgada Portugal CITAA Departamento de Ciências Agrárias Universidade dos A&#231ores Angra do Heroísmo Portugal

The measure of climate change in dairy farms can be achieved by using the emissions of methane by the ruminants converted in CO2 equivalent (CO2-eq). In order to know the impact of future quotes of methane in the Azorean dairy milk farms, a decision model is built to the Azorean intensive grazing system of dairy farms. Some scenarios of methane levels reductions from 10 to 75% are considered and their impact is evaluated upon dairy farms income, level of CO2-eq emissions and intensity level of grazing system. The results have shown that any reduction of the methane level always implies a consequent decrease in income. If the CO2-eq has to be limited than there is the need to find alternative income activities for farmers in order to preserve economic sustainability.

关键词： Climate Change dairy Economic Sustainability Greenhouse Gas Emissions

Interaction between Live Yeast and Dietary Rumen Degradable Protein Level: Effects on Diet Utilization in Early-Lactating dairy Cows

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Agricultural Sciences 2015年第1期6卷 1-13页

作者： Christine Julien Jean Philippe Marden Eric Auclair Raymond Moncoulon Laurent Cauquil Jean Louis Peyraud Corine Bayourthe Université de Toulouse INPT ENSAT UMR1388 Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d’Elevage Castanet-Tolosan France INRA UMR1388 Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d’Elevage Castanet-Tolosan France Université de Toulouse INPT ENVT UMR1388 Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d’Elevage Toulouse France Lesaffre Feed Additives Marcq-en-Baroeul France INRA UMR1348 PEGASE F-35590 Saint-Gilles France

Four early lactating Holstein cows were used to study the effect of live yeast (LY, Actisaf®CNCM I-4407, Lesaffre Feed Additives, Marcq en Baroeul, France) supplementation on diet digestive utilization of dairy cows receiving concentrated corn silage-based diets with two rumen-degradable protein (RDP) levels. For a 33 d period, cows were fed a total mixed ration (TMR) containing an adequate level (AL) of RDP or a low level (LL, 30% below AL) by using soybean meal or tanned soybean meal, respectively: for 21 d with no LY addition followed by 12 d during which LY was added to the diet. The pH and redox potential (Eh) were recorded and ruminal fluid samples were collected over 3 consecutive days. Feces were collected individually over 48 h and individual dry matter intake (DMI) was measured for determining apparent nutrient digestibility. The effective degradability of individual feed ingredients composing both diets was evaluated with nylon bags technique. Structure of the ruminal bacterial community was studied and diversity index was calculated. Digestibility of organic matter (OM) and crude protein (CP) were lower for LL than those for AL. With LY, digestibility of OM and CP was increased: +2.4 and +0.8 points, for AL, and +3.7 and +5.9 points for LL, respectively. Live yeast reduced dietary N ruminal degradation with both AL and LL. Ruminal pH and Eh were lower with AL compared to LL: 5.95 and –167 mV vs. 6.13 and –144 mV. Live yeast increased ruminal total volatile fatty acids (VFA) (+8.6%), C2 (+10%), and C4 (+35%) contents for LL and decreased that of C3 (?9.8%) for AL. Neither the structure of bacterial populations of the rumen nor the diversity index (Shannon) was altered by treatments. Those results suggested a specific interest in using LY in RDP deficient diets for early lactating cows.

关键词： dairy Cow Live Yeast Nitrogen Digestion Ruminally Degradable Protein

Effects of Supplementation with Increasing Levels of Energy Concentrate on the Productive Response and Ruminal Digestion of dairy Cows Grazing Lucerne Pasture

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Agricultural Sciences 2018年第11期9卷 1487-1505页

作者： Eloy Eduardo Salado Gustavo Bretschneider Alejandra Cuatrin Gerardo Antonio Gagliostro Area de Investigación en Producción Animal Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) Rafaela Argentina Agencia de Extensión Rural Necochea Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) Necochea Argentin Area de Investigación en Producción Animal Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) Balcarce Argentina

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of three levels of energy concentrate intake on dry matter (DM) and energy intake, milk yield and composition, rumen environment and pasture neutral detergent fiber (NDF) digestion. Twelve Holstein multiparous cows in early lactation (69.0 ± 5 days postpartum) producing 32.8 (±4.0) kg milk were assigned to three treatments at (kg/cow day) 3.5 (T3.5), 7.0 (T7.0) and 10.5 (T10.5) kg concentrate in a 3 × 3 Latin Square design. Parameters of ruminal environment and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) digestion were obtained using 3 additional rumen cannulated cows. Concentrate was composed (as fed) by corn grain (68%), soybean meal (22%), wheat bran (8%) and a vitamin-mineral premix including monensin and thoroughly consumed. Yields (kg/cow day-1) of milk, 4% fat corrected milk (4% FCM 4%) and energy corrected milk (ECM) resulted higher (p p -1 without effects on yield of milk fat. Concentrations (g/100 g) of milk fat (3.19), protein (2.97), total solids (11.75), non-fat solids (8.60) and casein (2.40) did not differ. Milk lactose content (g/100 g) was linearly increased (p p p p p < 0.05) in T3.5 due to the increase in acetate and butyrate while the acetate: Propionate ratio remained unchanged. Pasture NDF digestion was affected as concentrate intake increased. To increase milk protein yield and reduce concentrations of N-NH3 in rumen and milk, feeding an energy concentrate at 41% of total DM intake resulted an effective tool.

关键词： dairy Cows Concentrate Milk Yield Ruminal Digestion

Influence of Strategy Selection of dairy Enterprises on Performance

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Asian Agricultural Research 2016年第4期8卷 44-49页

作者： Chaoqun REN Yucheng HE Lisha HU College of Economics and Management Huazhong Agricultural University

dairy enterprises have to cope with intense market pressure and survival *** such complex and competitive market environment,it is of great realistic significance for studying the influence of strategy selection of dairy enterprises on their *** selecting 115 dairy enterprises,empirical analysis was made,and multiple linear regression model and structural equation model were established with the aid of SPSS and Amos *** analysis was carried out for performance of different strategy *** indicate that dairy enterprises selecting vertical strategies obtain the best performance,followed by horizontal strategy,and the worst is multiple strategy,and the strategy selection exerts positive and direct influence on performance of dairy enterprises.

关键词： dairy enterprises Strategy selection Performance Path analysis