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Applications of human organoids in the personalized treatment for digestive diseases

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第10期7卷 3837-3866页

作者： Qinying Wang Fanying Guo Yutao Jin Yanlei Ma Department of Colorectal Surgery Fudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina Department of Oncology Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina School of Clinical Medicine Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina

digestive system diseases arise primarily through the interplay of genetic and environmental influences;there is an urgent need in elucidating the pathogenic mechanisms of these diseases and deploy personalized *** and long-established model systems rarely reproduce either tissue complexity or human physiology faithfully;these shortcomings underscore the need for better *** represent a promising research model,helping us gain a more profound understanding of the digestive organs;this model can also be used to provide patients with precise and individualized treatment and to build rapid in vitro test models for drug screening or gene/cell therapy,linking basic research with clinical *** the past few decades,the use of organoids has led to an advanced understanding of the composition of each digestive organ and has facilitated disease modeling,chemotherapy dose prediction,CRISPR-Cas9 genetic intervention,high-throughput drug screening,and identification of SARS-CoV-2 targets,pathogenic ***,the existing organoids of the digestive system mainly include the epithelial *** order to reveal the pathogenic mechanism of digestive diseases,it is necessary to establish a completer and more physiological organoid *** organoids and advanced techniques to test individualized treatments of different formulations is a promising approach that requires further *** review highlights the advancements in the field of organoid technology from the perspectives of disease modeling and personalized therapy.

关键词： diseases treatment digestive

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The leaching of additive-derived flame retardants(FRs) from plastics in avian digestive fluids:The significant risk of highly lipophilic FRs

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第11期31卷 200-207页

作者： Huiying Guo Xiaobo Zheng Shuling Ru Xiaojun Luo Bixian Mai State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510640 China College of Resources and Environment South China Agricultural University Guangzhou 510642 China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

The exposure to plastic debris and associated pollutants for wildlife is of urgent concern,but little attention has been paid on the transfer of plastic additives from plastic debris to *** the present study,the leaching of incorporated flame retardants (FRs),including polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs),alternative brominated FRs (AFRs),and phosphate flame retardants (PFRs),from different sizes of recycled acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) polymer were investigated in avian digestive *** impact of co-ingested sediment on the leaching of additive-derived FRs in digestive fluids was also *** the recycled ABS,BDE 209 (715 μg/g) and 1,2-bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy) ethane (BTBPE,1766 μg/g) had the highest concentrations among all target *** leaching proportions of FRs were higher in finer sizes of *** leaching proportions of FRs from recycled ABS increased with elevated logKow of *** the tests with coexisted ABS and sediment,hexato deca-BDEs,BTBPE,and decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) migrated from ABS to sediment,which resulted in the less bioaccessible fractions of these FRs in gut *** lipophilic chemicals tended to be adsorbed by sediment from *** results suggest the migration of additive-derived FRs from plastics to other indigestible materials in digestive *** findings in this study provide insights into the transfer of additive-derived FRs from plastics to birds,and indicate the significant contribution of FR-incorporated plastics to bioaccumulation of highly lipophilic FRs.

关键词： Recycled plastics digestive fluids Flame retardants Leaching

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Immunohistochemical identification of dynorphin A and Kappa opioid receptor-1 in the digestive system of scallop Chlamys farreri

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2018年第6期36卷 2288-2296页

作者：孙虎山王宜艳刘小莉刘东武 School of Life Science Ludong University Analysis and Testing Center Shandong University of Technology

Little is known about the roles of dynorphin and Kappa opioid receptor(KOR) in mollusks. In this study, we aim to determine the distribution of dynorphin A and KOR-1 in the digestive system of the scallop Chlamys farreri. Using immunohistochemical staining, we confirmed the expression of dynorphin A and KOR-1 in the digestive system of C. farreri. Dynorphin A immunopositive cells were identified in intestine and hepatopancreas. In intestine, small and spherical dynorphin A immunopositive cells(4–9 μm in diameter) were scattered among the long columnar epithelial cells(ECs). In hepatopancreas, cells containing masses(5–14 μm in diameter) of dynorphin A immunopositive products were observed in epithelium of acinis. These immunopositive cells may be synthetic and/or secretory cells of dynorphin A. Dynorphin A immunoreactive products were commonly observed in epithelium and connective tissue(CT) of labial palps, mouth labia and stomach, which presented in forms of grains, fibers or flakes. KOR-1 immunoreactive material was observed in ECs and CTs of labial palps, mouth labia and stomach, intestine and hepatopancreas. The distribution of both dynorphin A and KOR-1 in the digestive organs suggests an involvement of dynorphin via KOR-1 in the functional regulation of the digestive system of C. farreri.

关键词： Chlamys farreri dynorphin digestive system kappa opioid receptors immunohistochemistry

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Altitudinal Variation in digestive Tract Lengh in Feirana quadranus

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Asian Herpetological Research 2019年第3期10卷 183-189页

作者： Chunlan MAI Jin HUANG Qin LIAO Wenbo LIAO Lixia ZHANG Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation(Ministry of Education) China West NormalUniversityNanchong637009SichuanChina Key Laboratory of Artificial Propagation and Utilization in Anurans of Nanchong City China West Normal UniversityNanchong637009SichuanChina Institute of Eco-adaptation in Amphibians and Reptiles China West Normal UniversityNanchong637009SichuanChina Department of Zoology College of Life SciencesHenan Normal UniversityXinxiang453007China

Selective pressures favor variation in organ size in response to environmental changes and evolutionary process. In particular, changes in environmental temperature and rainfall at different altitudes often affect food resources, thereby mediating energy intake and allocation. The digestive tract provided a functional relationship between energy intake and allocation, of which gut morphology was associated with diet changes and food quality under different environments. Here we studied altitudinal variation in the digestive tract across four Feirana quadranus populations and tested the hypothesis that relative size of digestive tract should increase with increasing altitude. The results showed that although significant variation in length of the digestive tract was observed in females among populations, altitudinal variation in relative length of digestive tract or gut was non-significant. In addition, the digestive tract length was not correlated with temperature and precipitation across the four populations. Our findings suggest that individuals living in low-temperature and-precipitation populations at high altitudes did not display longer digestive tract than high temperature and precipitation populations at low altitudes, possibly because of small populations or sample sizes.

关键词： altitude Feirana quadranus digestive tract physiology

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Extraction and identification of the chyme proteins in the digestive tract of growing pigs

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2018年第11期61卷 1396-1406页

作者： Jianjun Li Bie Tan Yulong Tang Peng Liao Kang Yao Peng Ji Yulong Yin National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical RegionInstitute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangsha 410125China Department of Nutrition University of California DavisDavis 95616USA

This study aimed to explore the rule of degradation of dietary proteins by identifying chyme proteins in different segments of the digestive tract of growing pigs, using proteomics techniques. Six growing pigs were fed a corn-soybean meal-based diet for 7 days. The feedstuff and chyme proteins were separately extracted and separated with SDS-PAGE. 2 D LCMS/MS combined with protein database searching identified 1,513 proteins in different segments of the gastrointestinal tract, the number of identified exogenous proteins gradually decline from the stomach to colon, with large amounts in the duodenum to the large *** corn proteins than soybean proteins were identified both in the feedstuff and chyme, and these were significantly decreased after digestion in the stomach. More membrane proteins than non-membrane proteins were identified in whole digestive *** results regarding the profiles of chyme proteins in different segments of the gastrointestinal tract would provide useful information for optimizing feed formula in pigs.

关键词： protein profiles degradation law proteomics digestive tract growing pigs

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The role of histone methylation in the development of digestive cancers:a potential direction for cancer management

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2020年第1期5卷 1226-1238页

作者： Yuan Chen Bo Ren Jinshou Yang Huanyu Wang Gang Yang Ruiyuan Xu Lei You Yupei Zhao Department of General Surgery Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical SciencesPeking Union Medical College100023 BeijingPR China

digestive cancers are the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide and have high risks of morbidity and *** methylation,which is mediated mainly by lysine methyltransferases,lysine demethylases,and protein arginine methyltransferases,has emerged as an essential mechanism regulating pathological processes in digestive *** certain conditions,aberrant expression of these modifiers leads to abnormal histone methylation or demethylation in the corresponding cancer-related genes,which contributes to different processes and phenotypes,such as carcinogenesis,proliferation,metabolic reprogramming,epithelial–mesenchymal transition,invasion,and migration,during digestive cancer *** this review,we focus on the association between histone methylation regulation and the development of digestive cancers,including gastric cancer,liver cancer,pancreatic cancer,and colorectal cancer,as well as on its clinical application prospects,aiming to provide a new perspective on the management of digestive cancers.

关键词： invasion mortality digestive

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Roles of Na^+/Ca^(2+) exchanger 1 in digestive system physiology and pathophysiology

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第3期25卷 287-298页

作者： Qiu-Shi Liao Qian Du Jun Lou Jing-Yu Xu Rui Xie Department of Gastroenterology Affiliated Hospital to Zunyi Medical College

The Na^+/Ca^(2+) exchanger(NCX) protein family is a part of the cation/Ca^(2+) exchanger superfamily and participates in the regulation of cellular Ca^(2+) homeostasis. NCX1, the most important subtype in the NCX family, is expressed widely in various organs and tissues in mammals and plays an especially important role in the physiological and pathological processes of nerves and the cardiovascular system. In the past few years, the function of NCX1 in the digestive system has received increasing attention; NCX1 not only participates in the healing process of gastric ulcer and gastric mucosal injury but also mediates the development of digestive cancer, acute pancreatitis, and intestinal *** review aims to explore the roles of NCX1 in digestive system physiology and pathophysiology in order to guide clinical treatments.

关键词： Na^+/Ca^2+exchanger digestive system diseases Ion channel Sodium Calcium

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Traumatic digestive Perforation in the Hospital of Sikasso: Epidemio-Clinical and Therapeutic Aspects

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Surgical Science 2023年第6期14卷 405-413页

作者： Moussa Diassana Bathio Traoré Aly Boubacar Diallo Mamadou Bernad Coulibaly Doh Sylla Amadou Maiga Aboubacar Karambé Amadou Bah Aboubacar Yoro Sidibé Layes Touré Ternan Traoré Ousmane Dembelé Salif Traoré Moussa Kanté Mamadou Sangaré Kokoroba Sidibé Youssouf Diakité Mahamadou Coulibaly Moro Sidibé Soumaila Alama Traoré Moussa Samaké Nana Kadidia Fofana Bakary Tientigui Dembélé General Surgery Department of the Sikasso Hospital Sikasso Mali General Surgery Department CHU Gabriel-Touré Bamako Mali Traumatology Department of the Sikasso Hospital Sikasso Mali Urology Department of the Sikasso Hospital Sikasso Mali Anesthesia and Resuscitation Department of the Sikasso Hospital Sikasso Mali Odontostomatology Department Sikasso Hospital Sikasso Mali Surgery Department Koutiala Reference Center Koutiala Mlai Ophthalmology Department Sikasso Hospital Sikasso Mali Gyneco-Obstetrics Department Sikasso Mali Surgery Department Bamako District Hospital Bamako Mali Commune IV District Hospital Bamako Mali

Traumatic digestive perforation is the pathological opening of the wall of a hollow organ of the digestive tract (esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, and extrahepatic bile ducts) following trauma. Injuries to the digestive viscera, especially from trauma, have been known since antiquity. Aristotle recognized that a slight blow can cause an intestinal injury. Perforation of a hollow organ of the digestive sphere results in peritonitis, which in this case is the consequence of an infection of the peritoneal cavity by spreading of the digestive contents. The aim of the work was to describe the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of traumatic digestive perforation. Patients and method: The study was retrospective and descriptive from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2020, in the general surgery department of the hospital of Sikasso (Mali). Patients operated for traumatic digestive perforation were included. Results: The clinical records of 42 patients were collected. Traumatic digestive perforations represented 12.3% of patients hospitalized for abdominal trauma. The average age of the patients was 26.6 years, with a sex ratio of 6:1. The most frequent etiology was road traffic accidents with 38% of patients. The average delay of consultation was 5 days. Abdominal pain was present in 38 patients, vomiting in 17 patients. On physical examination, the most frequent signs were abdominal contracture in 61.9% of patients, and disappearance of pre-hepatic dullness in 54.7% of patients. On rectal examination, the douglas was bulging and painful in 21 patients. X-ray of the abdomen without preparation showed pneumoperitoneum in 54.1% of patients. Excision, suture and peritoneal lavage were performed in 31 patients. The postoperative course was marked by parietal suppurations in 5 patients, a digestive fistula in 2 patients and 4 cases of death (9.5%). Conclusion: Traumatic digestive perforation is a frequent pathology in surgery. Road acci

关键词： Perforation digestive Traumatic Sikasso (Mali)

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Impact of essential oils and organic acids on the growth performance,digestive functions and immunity of broiler chickens

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Animal Nutrition 2018年第4期4卷 388-393页

作者： Xin Yang Hongliang Xin Chengbo Yang Xiaojun Yang College of Animal Science and Technology Northwest A&F UniversityYangling712100China Jefo Nutrition Inc. Saint-HyacintheQuebecJ2S 7B6Canada

The aim of the experiment was to study the effects of feeding blends of sorbic acid, fumaric acid, and thymol(EOA) on growth performance, digestive functions, and immunity of broiler chickens. A total of 640 one-day-old male Cobb 500 chicks with similar BW(41.8 ± 0.6 g) were randomly divided into 4dietary treatment groups consisting of 10 replicates with 16 birds per replicate and fed a basal diet until d 42(CON) or diets with 0.15 g/kg enramycin during the grower period(AG), 0.30 g/kg EOA during the grower period(EG), or 0.30 g/kg EOA during the finisher period(EF). At d 42, the feed conversion ratio was reduced(P digestive enzyme activity.

关键词： Broiler chicken digestive functions Essential oils Growth performance Immunity Organic acids

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Prevention program for the COVID-19 in a children’s digestive endoscopy center

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2020年第8期8卷 1343-1349页

作者： Xiao-Peng Ma Huan Wang Da-Ming Bai Yu Zou Shao-Ming Zhou Fei-Qiu Wen Dong-Ling Dai digestive Endoscopy Center Department of GastroenterologyShenzhen Children's HospitalShenzhen 518036Guangdong ProvinceChina Pediatric Committee of Shenzhen Medical Association Shenzhen 518036Guangdong ProvinceChina Shenzhen Pediatric Medical Quality Control Center Shenzhen 518036Guangdong ProvinceChina

The pneumonia caused by the coronavirus disease-2019(COVID-19)outbreak in Wuhan,China constitutes a public health emergency of international *** gastrointestinal symptoms of vomiting,diarrhea and abdominal pain and the detection of COVID-19 nucleic acid from fecal specimens in a small number of patients suggest the possibility of transmission via the gastrointestinal *** of all ages are vulnerable to this virus,including *** endoscopy is an invasive procedure during which children cannot wear masks;therefore,they have higher risks of exposure to COVID-19,and the digestive endoscopy center is a relatively high-risk area for COVID-19 *** on these factors and in combination with related policies and regulations,a prevention and control program for the COVID-19 pneumonia in a children's digestive endoscopy center was established to prevent the COVID-19 nosocomial infection.

关键词： digestive endoscopy Disinfection COVID-19 Nosocomial infection Pediatrics Prevention

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