检索结果-南通市图书馆

diet and monensin influence the temporal dynamics of the rumen microbiome in stocker and finishing cattle

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 733-748页

作者： Jianmin Chai Caleb P.Weiss Paul A.Beck Wei Zhao Ying Li Jiangchao Zhao Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding College of Life Science and EngineeringFoshan UniversityFoshanChina Division of Agriculture Department of Animal ScienceUniversity of ArkansasFayettevilleARUSA Department of Animal and Food Sciences Oklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOKUSA Institute of Feed Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 100193China

Background Stocker cattle diet and management influence beef cattle performance during the finishing stage,but knowledge of the dynamics of the rumen microbiome associated with the host are lacking.A longitudinal study was conducted to determine how the feeding strategy from the stocker to the finishing stages of production affects the temporal dynamics of rumen *** the stocker phase,either dry hay or wheat pasture were provided,and three levels of monensin were *** calves were then transported to a feedlot and received similar finishing diets with or without *** microbial samples were collected on d 0,28,85 during the stocker stage(S0,S28 and S85)and d 0,14,28,56,30 d before slaughter and the end of the trial during the finishing stage(F0,F14,F28,F56,Pre-Ba,and Final).The V4 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene of 263 rumen samples was *** Higher alpha diversity,including the number of observed bacterial features and the Shannon index,was observed in the stocker phase compared to the finishing *** bacterial amplicon sequence variants(ASVs)differentiating different sampling time points were *** treatments during the stocker stage temporally impact the dynamics of rumen *** example,shared bacteria,including Bacteroidales(ASV19)and Streptococcus infantarius(ASV94),were significantly higher in hay rumen on S28,S85,and F0,while Bacteroidaceae(ASV11)and Limivicinus(ASV15)were more abundant in *** affected rumen microbial composition at a specific *** to feedlot significantly influenced microbiome structure and diversity in hay-fed *** taxa associated with body weight were classified,and core microbiotas interacted with each other during the *** In summary,the temporal dynamics of the rumen microbiome in cattle at the stocker and finishing stage are influenced by multiple factors of the feeding *** at the stocker phase may t

关键词： Beef cattle diet Feedlot phase Monensin Next-generation sequencing Rumen microbiota Stocker

diet and feeding behavior of a group of high-altitude rhesus macaques: high adaptation to food shortages and seasonal fluctuations

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Current Zoology 2023年第3期69卷 304-314页

作者： Kechu Zhang Fazal Karim Zuxiang Jin Hongtao Xiao Yongfang Yao Qingyong Ni Bajin Li Wangjia Pu-Cuo Zhonghao Huang Huailiang Xu College of Life Science Sichuan Agricultural UniversityNo.46 Xinkang RoadYucheng DistrictYa'anSichuan 625014China Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection(Guangxi Normal University) Ministry of EducationNo.1Yanzhong RoadYanshan DistrictGuilingGuangxi 541006China College of Animal Science and Technology Sichuan Agricultural UniversityNo.211 Huimin RoadWenjiang DistrictChengduSichuan 611130China Gexigou National Nature Reserve Administration Yajiang Forestry and Grassland AdministrationNo.88 Jiefang RoadYajiang CountyGanziSichuan 627450China

diet and feeding behavior data are crucial to a deep understanding of the behavioral response and adaptation of primates to a high-altitude *** August 2019 to June 2021,we collected data on the feeding behavior of a high-altitude rhesus macaque Macaca mulatta group from Yajiang County,Western Sichuan Plateau,which has an altitude of over 3,500 *** results showed that feeding(33.0±1.8%)and moving(28.3±2.6%)were the dominant behavior of rhesus *** ate 193 food items,comprising 11 food categories from 90 *** study found that plant roots(30.9±30.1%)and young leaves(28.0±33.1%)were the main foods eaten by *** preferred foods of rhesus macaques were young leaves,fruits,and seeds,and the consumption of these items was positively correlated with its food *** the availability of preferred foods was low,macaques took plant roots,barks,and fallen leaves as fallback *** particular,roots were a dominant food item in winter,and this way of feeding became a key survival *** results suggest that,facing the relative scarcity and strong seasonal fluctuations of food resources in high-altitude habitat,macaques adopt active foraging strategies,relying on a variety of food species and adjusting flexibly their food choices based on food availability,which may help to maximize the energy efficiency of high-altitude macaques.

关键词： diet foraging strategy fallback food high-altitude habitat Macaca mulatta

diet and habitat affinities in six raptor species in India

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Avian Research 2018年第4期9卷 354-362页

作者： Satish Pande Reuven Yosef Federico Morelli Rajkumar Pawar Ram Mone ELA Foundation C-9 Bhosale ParkSahakarnagrPune 411009India Department of Environmental Sciences Savitribai Phule Pune UniversityGaneshkhindPune 411007India Ben Gurion University of the Negev-Eilat Campus P.O.Box 27288000 EilatIsrael Department of Applied Geoinformatics and Spatial Planning Faculty of Environmental SciencesCzech University of Life Sciences PragueKamycká129165 00 Prague 6Czech Republic

Background: Sympatric species adapt to, and temporally or geographically segregate access to similar limiting ***: We compared nesting habitat and diet affinities of six raptor species in central India between the years ***: A large composition of reptiles in the diet was characteristic for Circaetus gallicus, Spilornis cheela and Elanus caeruleus, while Aquila fasciata, Falco chicquera and Nisaetus cirrhatus show a higher proportion of birds. Species with greatest similarity of diet were C. gallicus and S. cheela. Considering the environmental characterization of areas where raptors built the nest, some species were ecologically closer than others. N. cirrhatus and S. cheela were related to the presence of water bodies, dry deciduous forest and evergreen forests, while E. caeruleus and C. gallicus preferred more open habitats. A. fasciata bred either on cliffs or trees, F. chicquera on trees or mobile towers, and the other four species built their nests exclusively in ***: We conclude that although there was overlap in diet and nesting ecology for a number of species, the geographical separation likely limits competition for resources.

关键词： Raptor species diet Breeding area Niche overlap Resource partitioning

diet and physical activity influence the composition of gut microbiota,benefit on Alzheimer's disease

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第2期13卷 541-555页

作者： Jinyue Zhou Min Tang Wanyi Li Rui Fang Chunlan Tang Qinwen Wang 无 School of Public Health Health Science CenterNingbo UniversityNingbo 315211China Department of Neurology Ningbo Rehabilitation HospitalNingbo 3151000China Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry University of Chinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315100China Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors of Zhejiang Province Ningbo 315100China

Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disease with complex *** microbiota influences the gutbrain axis,which may affect pathways related to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's ***,diet and physical activity are likely to affect the pathology of Alzheimer's disease as well as the gut *** demonstrates that it may be possible to prevent or halt the progression of Alzheimer's disease by regulating the gut microbiota using diet and physical activity ***,the present study reviews the association between these two interventions and gut microbiota in the human *** also summarizes how these two interventions benefit Alzheimer's ***,the primary limitations of these two interventions are discussed and promising strategies are proposed,which may be beneficial to further study and develop the intervening measure for the progression of Alzheimer's disease.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease Gut microbiota Brain-gut axis diet Physical activity

diet,H pylori infection and gastric cancer:Evidence and controversies

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第21期13卷 2901-2912页

作者： Alba Rocco Gerardo Nardone Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine Gastroenterology UnitUniversity "Federico Ⅱ"Naples Italy

Despite decreasing incidence and mortality rates, gastric cancer (GC) still remains the fourth most common cancer and the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Due to the limited treatment options, at present, prevention is likely to be the only effective means of controlling this disease. The success of a prevention strategy depends upon the understanding of etiological and pathogenic mechanisms underlying gastric carcinogenesis. The etiology of GC is multi-factorial, however, in the recent years, mounting evidence suggests that environmental factors play a key role. The most important environmental factors implicated in the pathogenesis of GC are diet and H pylori infection. Thus, modifications in lifestyle and dietary habit associated with eradication of H pylori infection could hypothetically represent the most promising potential targets for GC prevention. In this review we will address the evidence and the controversies on the role of these agents in noncardia GC by focusing on retrospective and prospective observational studies and interventional trials.

关键词： Gastric cancer Hpylori diet Observational studies Interventional dietary trials

diet of Chinese skink, Eumeces chinensis: is prey size important?

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Integrative Zoology 2006年第2期1卷 59-66页

作者： Xiaolin CHEN Yong JIANG School of Life Sciences Xiamen UniversityXiamenChina

The diet of the skink,Eumeces chinensis(Lacertilia:Scincidae),in Xiamen(Amoy),China was examined using stomach analysis during April and May,and its selection of prey size was tested by feeding ***(primarily Coleoptera,Lepidoptera,and Orthoptera),gastropods and arachnids constituted most of the *** diet,but earthworms,leeches,crustaceans and fish were also *** the field,male skinks ate more prey items that were 11–20 mm in length than other size *** presented with a choice of different-sized prey in the laboratory,male *** exhibited a strong preference for prey items 11–20 mm in length over other size *** relationship between prey size and handling time was exponential,indicating that there is an upper limit to the ability of *** to process *** energy intake for handling different-sized prey showed that selection of midsize-class prey items would provide male *** with the most energy-efficient prey *** results indicate that prey size selection in *** favors maximization of rates of energy intake,which is in agreement with optimal foraging theory.

关键词： diet Eumeces feeding ecology foraging strategy prey size skink

diet and nutritional factors in inflammatory bowel diseases

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第3期22卷 895-905页

作者： Danuta Owczarek Tomasz Rodacki Renata Domagała-Rodacka Dorota Cibor Tomasz Mach Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Infectious DiseasesJagiellonian University Medical College31-531 CracowPoland Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition Jagiellonian University Medical College30-688 CracowPoland

Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) development is affected by complex interactions between environmental factors, changes in intestinal flora, various predisposing genetic properties and changes in the immune system. dietary factors seem to play an underestimated role in the etiopathogenesis and course of the disease. However, research about food and IBD is conflicting. An excessive consumption of sugar, animal fat and linoleic acid is considered a risk factor for IBD development, whereas a high fiber diet and citrus fruit consumption may play a protective role. Also, appropriate nutrition in particular periods of the disease may facilitate achieving or prolonging remissions and most of all, improve the quality of life for patients. During disease exacerbation, a low fiber diet is recommended for most patients. In the remission time, an excessive consumption of alcohol and sulfur products may have a negative effect on the disease course. Attempts are also made at employing diets composed in detail in order to supplement IBD therapy. A diet with a modified carbohydrate composition, a semi-vegetarian diet and a diet low in fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides and polyols are under investigation. Due to chronic inflammation as well as side effects of chronically used medications, patients with IBD are also at increased risk of nutritional factor deficiencies, including iron, calcium, vitamin D, vitamin B12, folic acid, zinc, magnesium and vitamin A. It should also be remembered that there is no single common diet suitable for all IBD patients; each of them is unique and dietary recommendations must be individually developed for each patient, depending on the course of the disease, past surgical procedures and type of pharmacotherapy.

关键词： Crohn's disease diet Nutrition Supplementation Ulcerative colitis

diet and microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease: The gut in disharmony

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第12期23卷 2124-2140页

作者： Davy CM Rapozo Claudio Bernardazzi Heitor Siffert Pereira de Souza Coordenacao de Pesquisa Instituto Nacional de Cancer Servico de Gastroenterologia e Laboratório Multidisciplinar de Pesquisa Departamento de Clínica MédicaHospital Universitário Clementino Fraga FilhoUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro D’Or Institute for Research and Education Rua Diniz Cordeiro 30BotafogoRio de JaneiroRJ 22281-100Brazil

Bacterial colonization of the gut shapes both the local and the systemic immune response and is implicated in the modulation of immunity in both healthy and disease states. Recently, quantitative and qualitative changes in the composition of the gut microbiota have been detected in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, reinforcing the hypothesis of dysbiosis as a relevant mechanism underlying inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) pathogenesis. Humans and microbes have coexisted and co-evolved for a long time in a mutually beneficial symbiotic association essential for maintaining homeostasis. However, the microbiome is dynamic, changing with age and in response to environmental modifications. Among such environmental factors, food and alimentary habits, progressively altered in modern societies, appear to be critical modulators of the microbiota, contributing to or co-participating in dysbiosis. In addition, food constituents such as micronutrients are important regulators of mucosal immunity, with direct or indirect effects on the gut microbiota. Moreover, food constituents have recently been shown to modulate epigenetic mechanisms, which can result in increased risk for the development and progression of IBD. Therefore, it is likely that a better understanding of the role of different food components in intestinal homeostasis and the resident microbiota will be essential for unravelling the complex molecular basis of the epigenetic, genetic and environment interactions underlying IBD pathogenesis as well as for offering dietary interventions with minimal side effects.

关键词： diet Microbiota Epigenetics Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis

Associations of lifestyle and diet with the risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Singapore:a case–control study

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Chinese Journal of Cancer 2017年第2期36卷 63-70页

作者： Sook Kwin Yong Tam Cam Ha Ming Chert Richard Yeo Valerie Gaborieau James D.McKay Joseph Wee Division of Clinical Trials and Epidemiological Sciences National Cancer Centre Singapore11 Hospital DriveSingapore 169610Singapore Medical Education Research&Evaluation Department(MERE)Duke-NUS Medical School8 College RoadSingapore 169857Singapore Division of Radiation Oncology National Cancer Centre Singapore11 Hospital DriveSinga-pore 169610Singapore Genetic Cancer Susceptibility Group International Agency for Research on CancerWorld Health Organization150 Cours Albert Thomas69372 Lyon Cedex 08France

Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC) is a commonly diagnosed cancer in Southeast Asia. Many studies have examined the risk factors for NPC, yet the roles of some risk factors remain inconclusive. The purpose of this study was to examine associations between modifiable lifestyle factors and the risk of NPC in the Singaporean ***: We conducted a case–control study in Singapore with 300 patients and 310 controls who were recruited between 2008 and 2012. Each control was selected and individually matched to each patient based on sex, ethnicity, and age(±5 years). A total of 290 pairs of cases and controls were matched successfully. We examined lifestyle factors such as tobacco smoking, alcohol drinking, various salted and preserved food consumption, and weaning ***: After adjusting for covariates, multivariate analysis showed that those participants who were current smokers and had ever smoked tobacco had a higher risk of NPC than participants who had never smoked, with odds ratios(ORs) of 4.50(95% confidence interval [CI] 2.58–7.86; P < 0.001) and 2.52(95% CI 1.54–4.12; P < 0.001), respectively. Those who consumed salted vegetables at least once a week also showed a significantly increased risk of NPC than those who never or rarely consumed salted vegetables, with an OR of 4.18(95% CI 1.69–10.38; P = 0.002).Conclusion: Smoking(currently and ever-smoked) and consuming salted vegetables once a week or more were lifestyle risk factors for NPC, and changes of these factors for the better may reduce the risk of NPC.

关键词： Nasopharyngeal carcinoma diet Smoking Alcohol drinking Case–control study Preserved food