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Effects of Diesel Concentration on the Thermal Conductivity,Specific Heat Capacity and Thermal Diffusivity of Diesel-contaminated soil

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第2期33卷 696-709页

作者： WU Yuhao WU Yuefei LUO Gubai ZHANG Teng WANG Qing FAN Liwu SONG Xin YU Zitao Key Laboratory of Clean Energy and Carbon Neutrality of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China Institute of Thermal Science and Power Systems School of Energy EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China Center Environmental Protection Technology Company Limited Beijing100176China Institute of soil Science Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing210008China

High energy consumption is a serious issue associated with in situ thermal desorption(TD)remediation of sites contaminated by petroleum hydrocarbons(PHs).The knowledge on the thermophysical properties of contaminated soil can help predict accurately the transient temperature distribution in a remediation site,for the purpose of energy conservation.However,such data are rarely reported for PH-contaminated soil.In this study,by taking diesel as a representative example for PHs,soil samples with constant dry bulk density but different diesel mass concentrations ranging from 0% to 20% were prepared,and the variations of their thermal conductivity,specific heat capacity and thermal diffusivity were measured and analyzed over a wide temperature range between 0℃ and 120℃.It was found that the effect of diesel concentration on the thermal conductivity of soil is negligible when it is below 1%.When diesel concentration is below 10%,the thermal conductivity of soil increases with raising the temperature.However,when diesel concentration becomes above 10%,the change of the thermal conductivity of soil with temperature exhibits the opposite trend.This is mainly due to the competition between soil minerals and diesel,because the thermal conductivity of minerals increases with temperature,whereas the thermal conductivity of diesel decreases with temperature.The analysis results showed that,compared with temperature,the diesel concentration has more significant effects on soil thermal conductivity.Regardless of the diesel concentration,with the increase of temperature,the specific heat capacity of soil increases,while the thermal diffusivity of soil decreases.In addition,the results of a control experiment exhibited that the relative differences of the thermal conductivity of the soil samples containing the same concentration of both diesel and a pure alkane are all below 10%,indicating that the results obtained with diesel in this study can be extended to the family of PHs.A theoretical prediction model was proposed based on c

关键词： contaminated soil diesel concentration thermal conductivity specific heat capacity thermal diffusivity thermal desorption fractal model

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A porous biochar supported nanoscale zero-valent iron material highly efficient for the simultaneous remediation of cadmium and lead contaminated soil

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第3期34卷 231-241页

作者： Wei Qian Jing-Yi Liang Wen-Xuan Zhang Shi-Ting Huang Zeng-Hui Diao Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Agricultural Land Pollution Prevention and Control Zhongkai University of Agriculture and EngineeringGuangzhou 510225China

Risk associated with heavy metals in soil has been received widespread attention.In this study,a porous biochar supported nanoscale zero-valent iron(BC-nZVI)was applied to immobilize cadmium(Cd)and lead(Pb)in clayey soil.Experiment results indicated that the immobilization of Cd or Pb by BC-nZVI process was better than that of BC or nZVI process,and about 80%of heavy metals immobilization was obtained in BC-nZVI process.Addition of BC-nZVI could increase soil pH and organic matter(SOM).Cd or Pb immobilization was inhibited with coexisting organic compound 2,4-dichlorophenol(2,4-DCP),but 2,4-DCP could be removed in a simultaneous manner with Cd or Pb immobilization at low concentration levels.Simultaneous immobilization of Cd and Pb was achieved in BC-nZVI process,and both Cd and Pb availability significantly decreased.Stable Cd species inculding Cd(OH)_(2),CdCO_(3)and CdO were formed,whereas stable Pb species such as PbCO_(3),PbO and Pb(OH)_(2)were produced with BC-nZVI treatment.Simultaneous immobilization mechanism of Cd and Pb in soil by BC-nZVI was thereby proposed.This study well demonstrates that BC-nZVI has been emerged as a potential technology for the remediation of multiple heavy metals in soil.

关键词： Cadmium(Cd) Lead(Pb) Biochar Nano zero valent iron(nZVI) contaminated soil

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Research progress and mechanism of nanomaterials-mediated in-situ remediation of cadmium-contaminated soil:A critical review

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第6期33卷 351-364页

作者： Yuenan Zhang Yujie Zhang Ozioma Udochukwu Akakuru Xiawei Xu Aiguo Wu Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering Chinese Academy of Science(CAS)Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices&Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical MaterialsNingbo Institute of Materials Technology and EngineeringCAS NingboNingbo 315201China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Cadmium contamination of soil is a global issue and in-situ remediation technology as a promising mitigation strategy has attracted more and more attention.Many nanomaterials have been applied for the in-situ remediation of cadmium-contaminated soil due to their excellent properties of the nano-scale size effect.In this work,recent research progress of various nanomaterials,including carbon nanomaterials,metal-based nanomaterials and nano mineral materials,in the removal of cadmium and in-situ remediation of cadmiumcontaminated soil were systematically discussed.Additional emphases were particularly laid on both laboratory and field restoration effects.Moreover,the factors which can affect the stability of cadmium,main interaction mechanisms between nanomaterials and cadmium in the soil,and potential future research direction were also provided.Therefore,it is believed that this work will ultimately contribute to the myriad of environmental cleanup advances,and further improve human health and sustainable development.

关键词： Cadmium pollution contaminated soil In-situ remediation Mechanism Nanomaterials

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Enhancing plant-microbe associated bioremediation of phenanthrene and pyrene contaminated soil by SDBS-Tween 80 mixed surfactants

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2014年第5期26卷 1071-1079页

作者： Hewei Ni Wenjun Zhou Lizhong Zhu Department of Environmental Science Zhejiang University Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control

The use of surfactants to enhance plant-microbe associated dissipation in soils contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） is a promising bioremediation technology. This comparative study was conducted on the effects of plant-microbe treatment on the removal of phenanthrene and pyrene from contaminated soil, in the presence of low concentration single anionic, nonionic and anionic-nonionic mixed surfactants. Sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate （SDBS） and Tween 80 were chosen as representative anionic and nonionic surfactants, respectively. We found that mixed surfactants with concentrations less than 150 mg/kg were more effective in promoting plant-microbe associated bioremediation than the same amount of single surfactants. Only about （m/m） of mixed surfactants was needed to remove the same amount of phenanthrene and pyrene from either the planted or unplanted soils, when compared to Tween 80. Mixed surfactants （〈 150 mg/kg） better enhanced the degradation efficiency of phenanthrene and pyrene via microbe or plant-microbe routes in the soils. In the concentration range of 60-150 mg/kg, both ryegrass roots and shoots could accumulate 2-3 times the phenanthrene and pyrene with mixed surfactants than with Tween 80. These results may be explained by the lower sorption loss and reduced inteffacial tension of mixed surfactants relative to Tween 80, which enhanced the bioavailability of PAHs in soil and the microbial degradation efficiency. The higher remediation efficiency of low dosage SDBS-Tween 80 mixed surfactants thus advanced the technology of surfactant-enhanced plant-microbe associated bioremediation.

关键词： polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons contaminated soil plant-microbe associated bioremediation ryegrass

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Stabilization treatment of contaminated soil:a field-scale application in Shanghai,China

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2010年第4期4卷 395-404页

作者： Changbo ZHANG Qishi LUO Chunnu GENG Zhongyuan LI Institute of Wastes and soil Environment Shanghai Academy of Environmental SciencesShanghai 200233China

Stabilization is one of the best demonstrated available technologies for treating toxic pollutants in soils and has been used worldwide but is rarely used for treatment of contaminated sites in China despite many bench-scale studies.Here,a field-scale application of stabilization treatment in Shanghai,China was summarized to demonstrate the whole engineering process and the key technical issues regarding stabilization of contaminated soil.A site contaminated with arsenic(As)and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs),formerly used as a lighting plant in Shanghai,was chosen as the demonstration site.Stabilizing measures were taken to treat the contaminated soil to reuse the site for residential purposes.The whole engineering remediation process consisted of phase I environmental site assessment(ESA)and phase II ESA,quantitative human health risk assessment,remediation alternatives evaluation,benchscale testing,remedial design,engineering implementation,and post-remediation assessment.A third party conducted evaluation monitoring indicated desirable results were achieved via the stabilization treatment.In addition,some technical obstacles related to soil stabilization treatment were discussed,including soil quality evaluation,stabilization effectiveness validation,and soil reuse assessment.

关键词： stabilization contaminated soil field-scale demonstration technical obstacles

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Bioremediation of Total Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon contaminated soil Using Nitrified Sawdust and Pseudomonas auriginosa

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2022年第6期13卷 427-436页

作者： Effiong Ukorebi Etim Mercy Ichiko Ola Rotimi Olawale Owoade Department of Chemistry University of Ibadan Ibadan Oyo State Nigeria

Bioremediation involving bioaugmentation and biostimulation are eco-friendly existing methods for degrading polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in contaminated soils. This study investigates the efficiency of Pseudomonas auriginosa and nutrient-enriched sawdust (SD) in biodegrading ∑PAHs in contaminated soil (CS). Four compost mixtures of CS/SD (1:0, 3:1, 1:1, 1:3) were applied for 2, 4, 6, 8-week bio-cleanup after inoculation. Results show ∑PAHs concentrations decreased with increasing time of treatment for all four compost in experimental and control setups. The removal efficiency of ∑PAHs was clearly associated with nutrient-enriched sawdust and Pseudomonas auriginosa, especially for 3:1, 1:1, and 1:3 ratios. Both factors had a significant effect (p = 0.05) on removal efficiency compared to the control setup. The highest (78.5%) and lowest (37.8%) ∑PAHs removal efficiency were observed for CS/SD ratios of 1:3 and 1:0 respectively after 8-week treatment. In this instance, this study recommends a CS/SD ratio of 1:3 at 8-week treatment to achieve maximum removal efficiency of ∑PAHs in contaminated soils.

关键词： Bioremediation Sawdust Composting contaminated soil Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon

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DNA Damage Caused By Pesticide-contaminated soil

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2006年第6期19卷 427-431页

作者： K. KRISHNAMURTHI S. SARAVANA DEVI T. CHAKRABARTI Environmental Biotechnology Division National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI)Nehru MargNagpur-440020India

Objective To determine the DNA damaging potential and the genotoxicity of individual compounds in pesticide contaminated soil. Methods In the present study, DNA damaging potential of pesticide-contaminated soil and the genotoxicity of individual compounds present in the soil were assessed using fluofimetdc analysis of DNA unwinding assay. Results The contaminated soil sample showed 79% （P〈0.001） of DNA strand break, whereas technical grade of major catbaryl and α-naphthol constituents of the contaminated soil showed 64% （P〈0.01） and 60% （P〈0.02） damage respectively. Conclusion Our results indicate that the toxicity caused by contaminated soil is mainly due to carbatyl and α -napthol, which are the major constituents of the soil sample analyzed by CrC-MS.

关键词： Carbaryl contaminated soil DNA damage FADU- Fluorimetric analysis of DNA unwinding assay Genotoxicity α-Napthol and pesticide

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Acid leaching of heavy metals from contaminated soil collected from Jeddah,Saudi Arabia:kinetic and thermodynamics studies

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International soil and Water Conservation Research 2015年第3期3卷 196-208页

作者： Shorouq I.Alghanmi Amani F.Al Sulami Tahani A.El-Zayat Basma G.Alhogbi Mohamed Abdel Salam Chemistry Department Faculty of ScienceKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Center of Excellence in Environmental Studies King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Chemistry Department Faculty of ScienceAlexandria UniversityEbrahemia 21321AlexandriaEgypt

Urban soils polluted with heavy metals are of increasing concern because it is greatly affecting human health and the ecological systems.Hence,it is mandatory to understand the reasons behind this pollution and remediate the contaminated solid.The removal of heavy metals from contaminated soil samples collected from the vicinity of the sewage lake in Jeddah,Saudi Arabia,was explored.The leaching process was studied kinetically and thermodynamically for better understanding of the remediation process.The results showed that the soil samples were slightly basic in nature,and tend to be more neutral away from the main contaminated sewage lake area.The total metal content in the soil samples was measured using the aqua regia extractions by ICPOES and the results showed that many of the heavy metals present have significant concentrations above the tolerable limits.In general,the metal concentrations at different sites indicated that the heavy metal pollution is mainly due to the sewage discharge to the lake.The results showed excellent correlation between the concentrations of Co,As,and Hg with the distance from the main contaminated area.The leaching of Co,As,and Hg using 1.0 M hydrochloric acid from the soil was studied kinetically at different temperatures and the experimental results were fitted using different kinetics models.The experimental data were best described with two-constant rate and Elovich equation kinetic models.Also,the thermodynamic study showed that the leaching process was spontaneous,endothermic and accompanied with increase in the entropy.In general,the polluted soil could be remediated successfully from the heavy metals using the acid leaching procedure in a short period of time.

关键词： Acid leaching contaminated soil Heavy metals Kinetics Thermodynamics

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Applications of Monitored Natural Attenuation in contaminated soil and Groundwater

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Meteorological and Environmental Research 2014年第5期5卷 31-35页

作者： Li Xiaoping Cheng Xi State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research East China Normal University AECOM ( Shanghai)

Restoration of contaminated soil and groundwater could be divided into two phases. The first phase takes aim at reducing human being＇s health risks by active remediation, while the second phase aims at eliminating ecological risks by natural attenuation （NA）. Because of cost-effective and sustainable cleanup, monitored natural attenuation （MNA） and enhanced natural attenuation （ENA） have been gaining more attention recently, especially in the respects of ecological risk-oriented contaminated land management and a follow-up measure after active remediation. The uses and procedures of MNA for contaminated site cleanup and remediation in USA and EU were introduced firstly, and then possible applications of MNA in China were suggested. More developments and practices of MNA and ENA for managing contaminated sites in China are expected.

关键词： contaminated soil contaminated groundwater Monitored natural attenuation Application China

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Research Progress on Remediation of Hexavalent Chromium contaminated soil by Nanomaterials

Research Progress on Remediation of Hexavalent Chromium Cont...

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河南省化学会2016年学术年会

作者： Kaixuan Guo Yinghui Li Ruifeng Chong Deliang Li Institute of Environmental and Analytical Sciences College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHenan University

With the rapid development of urban industrialization, environmental problems become more and more serious, and the situation of soil pollution is not optimistic. As an important industrial raw material,chromate has been used for the production of various products, while it brings serious chromium pollution. Therefore, a lot of works have been carried out on the decontamination of chromium contaminated soil. The nanomaterials have become a hot research topic because of their unique structures and good performance. Such nanomaterials could be divided into six categories, that is,zero-valent metals, carbonaceous nanomaterials, metal oxide(sulfur) compounds, semiconductors clay minerals, and nano polymers. This paper summarized the achievements and the applications of such materials in remediating Cr-contaminated soil at home and abroad. It showed zero-valent metals and metal oxide(sulfur) compounds are mainly used for the treatment of hexavalent chromium contaminated soil, while other materials are relatively less. Finally, the characteristic, advantage and deficiency of the nanomaterials for the treatment of hexavalent chromium soils were summarized, as well as the application prospects were also proposed, which would provide useful information for the further research in the future.

关键词： nanomaterials Cr（Ⅵ） contaminated soil remediation

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