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cognitive dissonance and ＂The Will to Believe＂

Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences 2017年第1期10卷 87-102页

作者： Nathan Hilberg The University of Tennessee 301 McClung Tower Knoxville TN 37996-0430 USA

That we shape our beliefs to align with our actions should be of interest within philosophy of religion and philosophy generally. cognitive dissonance, a psychological state in which an individual＇s beliefs and actions do not conform with each other, presents just such a situation. The idea that cognitive dissonance, by strict evidentialist standards, compromises our epistemic integrity since cognitive dissonance causes us to hold beliefs for which we do not have evidence, recalls the exchange between William Clifford and William James in which they discuss evidentialism, the idea that we should hold no beliefs for which we do not have evidence. In this paper I draw upon extant published research concerning cognitive dissonance theory and religion. I also survey the Clifford-James debate, applying considerations from their exchange to cognitive dissonance and （religious） belief. I conclude by showing how cognitive dissonance can have ambiguous results as concerns the justification of beliefs and that philosophy could benefit from attending to factors impacting empirical aspects of belief formation such as cognitive dissonance.

关键词： cognitive dissonance Evidentialism Belief- William James - William Clifford

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cognitive dissonance and Perceived Media Effect and Risks:To What Extent Do Smokers and Non-smokers Think Differently?

Cognitive Dissonance and Perceived Media Effect and Risks:To...

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中华新闻传播学术联盟第六届研究生学术研讨会

作者： REN Ping Department of Media and Communication City University of Hong Kong

This study deemed cognitive dissonance as a major factor to psychologically differentiate smokers and non-smokers, exploring third-person perception and optimistic bias in various smoking status and the relationship between the two theories through an online experiment. An anti-smoking PSA was used as a site to collect data. This study found no third-person perception in smokers and first-person perception in non-smokers, and revealed significant difference in discrepancy of perceived media message on self and others between smokers and non-smokers. Both the two groups displayed optimistic bias of perceived smoking risk, but showed no difference with each other. No relationship was detected between third-person effect and optimistic bias in this study. Possible factors were discussed.

关键词： smokers non-smokers cognitive dissonance anti-smoking PSA perceived effect perceived risk

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An Integrated Model of Smart Home Applications User Experience Based on cognitive dissonance

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Journal of Electronic Research and Application 2024年第5期8卷 89-94页

作者： Lili Wang Nadia Binti Mohd Nasir Shuang Yang City University of Malaysia Kuala Lumpur 58000Malaysia Hefei Jinhu Primary School Hefei 230000China

This study constructs an integrated model of user experience in smart home applications(apps)to deeply explore the impact of cognitive dissonance on users’emotional responses,subsequent behaviors,and experiential *** research emphasizes the importance of addressing emotional management in the design and development of smart home *** findings indicate that emotional response plays a critical mediating role in the user experience of these apps,offering new insights for further *** understanding users’emotional reactions and behavioral patterns under cognitive dissonance,developers can more effectively improve interface design and enhance the overall user experience.

关键词： User experience Smart home apps cognitive dissonance

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The feelings and thoughts of mental health nurses concerning the management of distressed and disturbed in-patients: A comparative qualitative European study

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Open Journal of Nursing 2013年第6期3卷 426-436页

作者： Vida Staniuliene Mary Chambers Xenya Kantaris Raija Kontio Lauri Kuosmanen Anne Scott Maria Antonia Rebelo Botelho Renzo Zanotti Maritta Valimaki Faculty of Health Sciences Klaipėda State CollegeKlaipedaLithuania Faculty of Health Social Care and EducationKingston University and St.George’sUniversity of LondonLondonUK Department of Nursing Science University of Turku and Hospital District of Helsinki and UusimaaTuusulaFinland Department of Nursing Science University of TurkuTurkuFinland Dublin City University DublinIreland Nursing Research and Development Unit Escola Superior de Enfermagem de LisboaCoimbraPortugal Department of Molecular Medicine University of PadovaPaduaItaly Department of Nursing Science University of Turku and Hospital District of Southwest FinlandTurkuFinland

High levels of distress and disturbance amongst those experiencing acute mental illness can be a major problem for mental health nurses. The feelings experienced by these nurses when caring for and supporting disturbed and/or distressed patients along with their concurrent thoughts are not well described in the literature. To date, this complex issue has not been explored within a comparative European context. The objective of this qualitative study was to explore the feelings and thoughts of mental health nurses when supporting and caring for distressed and/or disturbed patients in 6 European countries. Methods: Focus groups were used to collect data from 130 mental health nurses working in acute inpatient psychiatric settings. Results: Data were analysed using content analysis. Findings highlighted 6 broad themes: 1) Mixed emotions: expressive and responsive, 2) Procedure for caring for and supporting disturbed and/or distressed patients, 3) Use of guidelines for caring and supporting disturbed and/or distressed patients, 4) Team and organisational support, 5) Ethical concerns: cognitive dissonance and 6) Education and training. Commonalities and differences were?found across all themes. Approaches to care, nurses’ role and education, clinical guidelines and/or standards vary from country to country, therefore the care, treatment and management of distressed and/or disturbed patients are various. As a result, mental health nurses have different experiences, various emotional quandaries concurrent with cognitive dissonance and different coping strategies when caring for and supporting distressed and disturbed patients. Conclusions: More emphasis needs to be given to the emotional quandaries and concurrent cognitive dissonance experienced by mental health nurses caring for distressed and/or disturbed inpatients in acute psychiatric settings. Increased access to education and training with particular attention to interpersonal communication and relationship building

关键词： Acute Inpatient Psychiatric Settings cognitive dissonance Coercive Interventions Feelings Mental Health Nurse Thoughts

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认知失调心理的广告运用

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新闻与传播 2009年第2期

作者：韩虎山

消费者的认知失调，不但能巩固品牌忠诚度，同时也能导致忠诚度转移。广告人可以充分利用这一心理，采取特殊的诉求方式，来加强品牌忠诚度，或占领其他品牌的市场份额。而不同卷入程度的商品，所引起失调的时间和程度又是不相同的。因... 详细信息

消费者的认知失调，不但能巩固品牌忠诚度，同时也能导致忠诚度转移。广告人可以充分利用这一心理，采取特殊的诉求方式，来加强品牌忠诚度，或占领其他品牌的市场份额。而不同卷入程度的商品，所引起失调的时间和程度又是不相同的。因此，广告人在利用认知失调心理时，应当视不同商品，采用不同策略。

关键词：消费者心理认知失调广告 Consumer psychology cognitive dissonance Advertising

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