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Living near a Major Road in Beijing： Association with Lower Lung Function, Airway Acidification, and chronic cough

Chinese Medical Journal 2016年第18期129卷 2184-2190页

作者： Zhan-Wei Hu Yan-Ni Zhao Yuan Cheng Cui-Yan Guo Xi Wang Nan Li Jun-Qing Liu Hui Kang Guo-Guang Xia Ping Hu Ping-Ji Zhang Jing Ma Ying Liu Cheng Zhang Li Su Guang-Fa Wang Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Peking University First Hospital Beijing 100034 China Department of Internal Medicine Shichahai Community Health Care Center Beijing 100035 China Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Beijing Jishuitan Hospital Beijing 100035 China

Background： The effects of near-road pollution on lung function in China have not been well studied. We aimed to investigate the effects of long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution on lung function, airway inflammation, and respiratory symptoms. Methods： We enrolled 1003 residents aged 57.96 ± 8.99 years living in the Shichahai Community in Beijing. Distances between home addresses and the nearest major roads were measured to calculate home-road distance. We used the distance categories 1, 2, and 3, representing 〈100 m, 100-200 m, and 〉200 m, respectively, as the dose indicator for traffic-related air pollution exposure. Lung function, exhaled breath condensate （EBC） pH, and interleukin 6 levels were measured. As a follow-up, 398 participants had a second lung function assessment about 3 years later, and lung function decline was also examined as an outcome. We used regression analysis to assess the impacts of home-road distance on lung function and respiratory symptoms. As the EBC biomarker data were not normally distributed, we performed correlation analysis between home-road distance categories and EBC biomarkers. Results： Participants living a shorter distance from major roads had lower percentage of predicted value of forced expiratory volume in 1 s （FEV1% -1.54, 95% confidence interval [CI]： -0.20 to -2.89）. The odds ratio for chronic cough was 2.54 （95% CI： 1.57-4.10） for category 1 and 1.97 （95% CI： 1.16-3.37） for category 2, compared with category 3. EBC pH was positively correlated with road distance （rank correlation coefficient of Spearman [rs] = 0.176, P 〈 0.001 ）. Conclusions： Long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution in people who live near major roads in Beijing is associated with lower lung function, airway acidification, and a higher prevalence of chronic cough. EBC pH is a potential useful biomarker for evaluating air pollution exposure.

关键词： Air Pollution Airway Inflammation chronic cough Exhaled Breath Condensate Lung Function

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Discrepancy between presumptive and definite causes of chronic cough

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Chinese Medical Journal 2011年第24期124卷 4138-4143页

作者： YU Li QIU Zhi-hong WEI Wei-li LIU Bo XU Xiang-huai LU Han-jing QIU Zhong-min Department of Respiratory Medicine Tongji Hospital TongjiUniversity School of Medicine Shanghai 200065 China

Background The current diagnostic algorithms for chronic cough require the establishment of the primary presumptive causes followed by the confirmation of diagnosis with the specific therapies. The aim of the study was to investigate the discrepancy between presumptive and definite causes and its clinical implication. Methods A total of 109 patients with chronic cough underwent laboratory investigations to identify the cause of cough; including sinus computerized tomography （if needed）, histamine bronchial provocation, induced sputum cytology and 24-hour esophageal pH or multi-channel intraluminal impedance combined with pH monitoring. The presumptive causes were confirmed by treating them sequentially. The difference between presumptive and definite causes of chronic cough was compared. Results Single cause was more frequent in the definite diagnosis than in the presumptive diagnosis （78.9% vs. 54.1%, X2=15.01, m=-0.0001）. In contrast, multiple causes were significantly fewer in definite diagnosis than in the presumptive diagnosis （15.6% vs. 37.6%, X2=13.53, P=-0.0002）. There was a discrepancy between definite and presumptive causes in 30 patients （27.5%）. Compared with the presumptive causes, definite upper airway cough syndrome （24.8% vs. 11.9%, X^2=6.0, P=0.01） and gastroesophageal reflux disease （6.4% vs. 0, X2=7.23, P=0.007） was more frequent as a single cause of chronic cough while cough variant asthma plus gastroesophageal reflux disease （3.7% vs. 11.9%, X2=5.17, P=0.02） and upper airway cough syndrome plus nonasthmatic eosinophilic bronchitis （0 vs. 9.2%, X2=10.48, P=0.001） were fewer as multiple causes of chronic cough. Conclusions A discrepancy was common between presumptive and definite causes of chronic cough. To treat presumptive causes sequentially may be a suitable solution for avoidance of erroneous multiple causes and possible over-treatment.

关键词： chronic cough etiology algorithm

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Towards improving the diagnosis and management of chronic cough in China

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Chinese Medical Journal 2011年第20期124卷 3205-3206页

作者： ZENG Guang-qiao SUN Bao-qing ZHONG Nan-shan State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease First AffiliatedHospital of Guangzhou Medical College Guangzhou Guangdong510120 China

cough is a common condition in clinical settings. Importantly, chronic cough without obviousabnormal chest X-ray findings accounts for about 20%-30% of respiratory clinic visits, and yields a high rate of misdiagnosis and mistreatment. Up to 80% of patients with chronic cough were diagnosed with other disorders, such as ＂chronic bronchitis＂ or ＂chronic pharyngolaryngitis＂. As many as 50% of female patients with cough may develop urinary incontinence, with their daily which can interfere seriously 4 living, including work and school performance. Along with the increasing demand for a high-quality life among Chinese people, cough as an important issue should be properly addressed by both clinicians and patients.

关键词： chronic cough cough diagnosis

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Analysis of Zhang Hongxing's Clinical Experience in Treating chronic cough

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Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research 2021年第3期5卷 34-38页

作者： Wenguang Zheng Hongxing Zhang Dezhou Zhang Hongxing Famous Senior TCM Physician Heritage Studio Dezhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineDezhou 253000Shandong ProvinceChina

Director Zhang Hongxing is a famous traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)doctor in Shandong province and a teacher in the Famous TCM Expert Studio in Dezhou city.He has rich clinical experience and considerable experience in the treatment of common clinical chronic coughs.Director Zhang Hongxing believes that chronic cough belongs to the category of"wind cough"and"long-term cough"according to TCM.TCM diagnosis should start from the four aspects of "wind evil residing in lung","liver"?"spleen and stomach",and"yang deficiency".Starting from viewing the human body as an organic whole,distinguish between deficiency or excess in cold and heat,and clinical treatment for cough should focus on dispelling"wind",regulating the functions of liver,spleen,and stomach,and supplementing the body's yang.Formulate treatment based on different categorization,and modify prescription according to the symptoms,and the treatment effects are remarkable.

关键词： chronic cough Chinese medicine dialectics Wind cough

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A Chinese girl with cystic fibrosis： a case report identified by sweat and genetic tests

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Chinese Medical Journal 2012年第4期125卷 719-719页

作者： Cheng Yan Ning Gang Song Bin Guo Ying-kun Li Xue-sheng Sichuan Univ W China Univ Hosp 2 Dept Radiol Chengdu 610041 Sichuan Peoples R China Sichuan Univ W China Hosp Dept Radiol Chengdu 610041 Sichuan Peoples R China

To the Editor： Cystic fibrosis （CF） is quite rare in the Asian population that an epidemiological study in the Japanese population revealed the incidence of CF being about I in 350000.

关键词： cystic fibrosis sweat chloride genetic test chronic cough hemoptysis

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Imetit Dihydrobromide and Thioperamide Medication in cough Hypersensitivity Model—The Role of H₃ Receptors

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Open Journal of Molecular and Integrative Physiology 2016年第1期6卷 1-9页

作者： Tomas Buday Eva Kovacova Silvia Gavliakova Natalia Kavalcikova-Bogdanova Martina Antosova Jana Plevkova Department of Pathophysiology Biomedicine Centre Jessenius Faculty of Medicine Comenius University Martin Slovak Republic Department of Physiology Biomedicine Centre Jessenius Faculty of Medicine Comenius University Martin Slovak Republic Simulation Educational Center Jessenius Faculty of Medicine Comenius University Martin Slovak Republic

chronic cough is a troublesome problem and it is frequently associated with diseases such as gastroesophageal reflux, asthma and upper airway diseases—so called diagnostic triade. The magnitude and severity of cough is strongly associated with the ongoing nasal inflammation in subjects with rhinosinusitis and treatment of nasal inflammation leads to the down regulation of pathologically up-regulated cough. Histamine plays a key role in the inflammation of the upper airways of different aetiologies;therefore histamine receptors seem to be promising targets. The aim of our study was to ascertain the effect of H3R agonist imetit and H3R antagonist thioperamide on cough and symptoms of allergic rhinitis (AR) in an animal model of upper airway cough syndrome in ovalbumin sensitized guinea pigs. OVA sensitized guinea pigs (n = 10) were repeatedly challenged with i.n. allergen-OVA to induce allergic rhinitis and to enhance cough reflex according to the validated model of experimental allergic rhinitis. Animals were pre-treated by i.p. administration of imetit (1 mg/kg and 2 mg/kg of body weight) and thioperamide 30 min. prior i.n. OVA administration. Rhinitis evaluation was based on the occurrence of typical symptoms. The effect on cough was assessed from the response to inhalation of citric acid (0.4 M, 10 min), final cough count and cough latency were analysed from the airflow traces, cough motor pattern and the cough sound. AR up-regulated the cough response from 9 ± 2 to 16 ± 1 cough per provocation, med ± IQR, p cough latency. Imetit (1 mg/kg) suppressed nasal symptoms and decreased number of cough from 16 ± 1 to 12 ± 1;however the data did not reach significance. Imetit (2 mg/kg) significantly suppressed the nasal symptoms, and number of coughs from 16 ± 1 to 6 ± 2, med ± IQR, p < 0.05. Thioperamide (5 mg/kg of body weight) did not have expected effects on tested parameters. H3R agonist imetit, unlike H3R antagonist thioperamide has antitussive potential and ability to su

关键词： chronic cough Allergic Rhinitis Histamine Antitussive Imetit Thioperamide H3 Receptor

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