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The Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Otitis Media in children under five years of Age in Mogadishu, Somalia: A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2023年第6期12卷 426-443页

作者： Ismail Ali Mohamed Zakaria Ahmed Mohamed Fang Ning Wang Xin Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun China Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics The First Hospital of Jilin University Changchun China

Background: Otitis media (OM) is highly prevalent and is one of the most important causes of preventable hearing loss in developing countries and it may have long-term impacts on the children. Several hospital-based cross-sectional studies have been conducted in East African countries to assess the prevalence of OM;however, no similar studies have been conducted in Somalia. Therefore, we conducted a hospital-based cross-sectional study to identify the prevalence and the underlying risk factors of OM among children under the age of five in Mogadishu, Somalia. Methodology: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2022 to November 2022 at three main hospitals in Mogadishu, Somalia. A total of 384 children aged less than 5 years were included. Parents of these children were interviewed with a questionnaire and a clinical examination was performed for each child. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences, SPSS (Version 22, IBM, Inc.), was used for the statistical analysis. Result: The prevalence of otitis media among the 384 children recruited was 31.25% (120/384). Otitis media was significantly associated with age less than one year (P = 0.006), malnutrition (P Conclusion: In summary, the present study found that otitis media was highly prevalent (31.25%) in Mogadishu, Somalia. The majority of the affected children were younger than one year. Age of the child, malnutrition, upper respiratory tract infections, feeding in lying position, and dripping something into a child’s ear were found to significantly increase the risk of developing otitis media in children. In contrast, breastfeeding for more than one year has been found to reduce the risk of developing otitis media in children.

关键词： Otitis Media children under five years Prevalence Risk Factors

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Seroprevalence of anti-HBs antibodies and the need for booster vaccination in children under 5 years of age born to HBsAg-negative mothers

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2021年第9期14卷 410-416页

作者： Jannatin Nisa Arnindita Muhammad Miftahussurur Bagus Setyoboedi Juniastuti Medical School Faculty of MedicineUniversitas AirlanggaIndonesia Department of Internal Medicine Dr.Soetomo General Hospital/Faculty of MedicineUniversitas AirlanggaIndonesia Department of Pediatrics Dr.Soetomo General Hospital/Faculty of MedicineUniversitas AirlanggaIndonesia Department of Medical Microbiology Faculty of MedicineUniversitas AirlanggaIndonesia

Objective:To determine the proportion of HBV surface antigen(anti-HBs)antibody positive children under five years of age born to HBs Ag-negative mothers and to analyze the possible related factors following implementation of a hepatitis B vaccination program for infants in Indonesia 22 years ***:Blood samples were taken from children under five years of age born to HBsAg-negative mothers who have completed primary vaccination ***-HBs antibodies were determined by using rapid *** of age,gender,nutritional status,vaccination timing or vaccination compliance,and booster vaccination were collected from vaccination ***:Ninety children were enrolled,consisting of 47 females and 43 males with a mean age of 2.3 *** two(24.4%)children received booster vaccine between 18 and 24 months and 55(61.1%)were anti-HBs *** factors of age,gender,nutritional status,compliance to vaccination and booster vaccine,only administration of booster vaccine was significantly associated with anti-HBs status(OR 5.45,95%CI 1.45,20.52).children who received booster vaccine at age of 18-24 months were 5.45 times more likely to be anti-HBs positive than that of children who did not receive booster ***:Booster vaccine rate is low among children under 5 years of age but is associated with anti-HBs *** vaccination may be required to improve anti-HBs seropositivity.

关键词： Hepatitis B vaccination Booster vaccine children under five years

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