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A Neural Circuit Mechanism Controlling Breathing by Leptin in the Nucleus Tractus Solitarii

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2022年第2期38卷 149-165页

作者： Hongxiao Yu Luo Shi Jinting Chen Shirui Jun Yinchao Hao Shuang Wang Congrui Fu Xiang Zhang Haiyan Lu Sheng Wang Fang Yuan Department of Physiology Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang 050017HebeiChina Core Facilities and Centers Institute of Medicine and HealthHebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang 050017HebeiChina School of Nursing Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang 050000HebeiChina Department of Orthodontics College of StomatologyHebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuang 050017HebeiChina Hebei Key Laboratory of Neurophysiology Shiji azhuang 050017HebeiChina

Leptin,an adipocyte-derived peptide hormone,has been shown to facilitate breathing.However,the central sites and circuit mechanisms underlying the respiratory effects of leptin remain incompletely understood.The present study aimed to address whether neurons expressing leptin receptor b(LepRb)in the nucleus tractus solitarii(NTS)contribute to respiratory control.Both chemogenetic and optogenetic stimulation of LepRb-ex-pressing NTS(NTS^(LepRb))neurons notably activated breathing.Moreover,stimulation of NTS^(LepRb) neurons projecting to the lateral parabrachial nucleus(LPBN)not only remarkably increased basal ventilation to a level similar to that of the stimulation of all NTS^(LepRb) neurons,but also activated LPBN neurons projecting to the preBotzinger complex(preBotC).By contrast,ablation of NTS^pRb neurons projecting to the LPBN notably eliminated the enhanced respiratory effect induced by NTSLepRb neuron stimulation.In brainstem slices,bath application of leptin rapidly depolarized the membrane potential,increased the spontaneous firing rate,and accelerated the Ca2+transients in most NTSLepRb neurons.Therefore,leptin potentiates breathing in the NTS most likely via an NTS-LPBN-preBdtC circuit.

关键词： Leptin Ventilation Nucleus tractus solitarii Neural circuit Chemogenetics

Illuminating Neural Circuits in Alzheimer’s Disease

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2021年第8期37卷 1203-1217页

作者： Yang Ying Jian-Zhi Wang Department of Pathophysiology School of Basic MedicineMinistry of Education Key Laboratory for Neurological DisordersHubei Key Laboratory for Neurological DisordersTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430030China

Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is the most common neurodegenerative disorder and there is currently no cure.Neural circuit dysfunction is the fundamental mechanism underlying the learning and memory deficits in patients with AD.Therefore,it is important to understand the structural features and mechanisms underlying the deregulated circuits during AD progression,by which new tools for intervention can be developed.Here,we briefly summarize the most recently established cutting-edge experimental approaches and key techniques that enable neural circuit tracing and manipulation of their activity.We also discuss the advantages and limitations of these approaches.Finally,we review the applications of these techniques in the discovery of circuit mechanisms underlyingβ-amyloid and tau pathologies during AD progression,and as well as the strategies for targeted AD treatments.

关键词： Neural circuit Alzheimer’s disease Single cell RNA sequencing Neural circuit tracing Optogenetics Chemogenetics

Regulation of Cued Fear Expression via Corticotropin-ReleasingFactor Neurons in the Ventral Anteromedial Thalamic Nucleus

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2021年第2期37卷 217-228页

作者： Yin Lv Peng Chen Qing-Hong Shan Xin-Ya Qin Xiu-Hong Qi Jiang-Ning Zhou Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale School of Life SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Brain Function and DiseasesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China

The ventral part of the anteromedial thalamic nucleus(AMv)is in a position to convey information to the cortico-hippocampal-amygdalar circuit involved in the processing of fear memory.Corticotropin-releasing-factor(CRF)neurons are closely associated with the regulation of stress and fear.However,few studies have focused on the role of thalamic CRF neurons in fear memory.In the present study,using a conditioned fear paradigm in CRF transgenic mice,we found that the c-Fos protein in the AMv CRF neurons was significantly increased after cued fear expression.Chemogenetic activation of AMv CRF neurons enhanced cued fear expression,whereas inhibition had the opposite effect on the cued fear response.Moreover,chemogenetic manipulation of AMv CRF neurons did not affect fear acquisition or contextual fear expression.In addition,anterograde tracing of projections revealed that AMv CRF neurons project to wide areas of the cerebral cortex and the limbic system.These results uncover a critical role of AMv CRF neurons in the regulation of conditioned fear memory.

关键词： Corticotropin-releasing-factor neurons Ventral anteromedial thalamic nucleus Cued fear expression Chemogenetics

How do lateral septum projections to the ventral CA1 influence sociability?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1789-1801页

作者： Dan Wang Di Zhao Wentao Wang Fengai Hu Minghu Cui Jing Liu Fantao Meng Cuilan Liu Changyun Qiu Dunjiang Liu Zhicheng Xu Yameng Wang Yu Zhang Wei Li Chen Li Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Binzhou Medical University HospitalBinzhouShandong ProvinceChina Medical Research Center Binzhou Medical University HospitalBinzhouShandong ProvinceChina Institute for Metabolic&Neuropsychiatric Disorders Binzhou Medical University HospitalBinzhouShandong ProvinceChina Department of Psychology Binzhou Medical University HospitalBinzhouShandong ProvinceChina College of Nursing Binzhou Medical UniversityBinzhouShandong ProvinceChina

Social dysfunction is a risk factor for several neuropsychiatric illnesses.Previous studies have shown that the lateral septum(LS)-related pathway plays a critical role in mediating social behaviors.Howeve r,the role of the connections between the LS and its downstream brain regions in social behavio rs remains unclea r.In this study,we conducted a three-chamber test using electrophysiological and chemogenetic approaches in mice to determine how LS projections to ventral CA1(vCA1)influence sociability.Our res ults showed that gamma-aminobutyric acid(GABA)-e rgic neuro ns were activated following social experience,and that social behavio rs were enhanced by chemogenetic modulation of these neurons.Moreover,LS GABAergic neurons extended their functional neural connections via vCA1 glutamatergic pyramidal neurons,and regulating LSGABA→vCA1Gluneural projections affected social behaviors,which were impeded by suppressing LSprojecting vCA1 neuronal activity or inhibiting GABAAreceptors in vCA1.These findings support the hypothesis that LS inputs to the vCA1 can control social prefe rences and social novelty behaviors.These findings provide new insights rega rding the neural circuits that regulate sociability.

关键词： Chemogenetics GABA receptor GABAergic neurons glutamatergic neurons lateral septum neural excitability neural projection social novelty social preference ventral CA1

Roles of Adenosine A2A Receptor in Sleep-wake Regulation

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Roles of Adenosine A2A Receptor in Sleep-wake Regulation

中国神经科学学会第十二届全国学术会议

作者： Wei-Min QU Xiang-Shan YUAN Jian-Pin ZHANG Zhi-Li HUANG Department of Pharmacology School of Basic Medical Sciences Fudan University

Adenosine acts as a homeostatic regulator of sleep. Activation of adenosine A receptor(AR) by its agonist infused into the brain potently increases sleep. The arousal effect of caffeine, an AR and AR antagonist, is dependent on the AR. AR is highly expressed in the striatum. However, the role of AR in the striatum in sleepwake regulation has been paid little attention. We found that optogenetic activation of AR expressing neurons in the nucleus accumbens(NAc) increased non-rapid eye movement(NREM) sleep. Projections of AR neurons from the NAc distributed to nuclei in the forebrain, diencephalon, and brainstem using AAV-hr GFP as a tracer. Moreover, chemogenetic activation of AR neurons in the rostral and central dorsal striatum, but not caudal, induced remarkable increase in NREM sleep. We revealed that dorsal striatal AR neurons innervated the external globus pallidus(GPe) in topographic organizations, and preferentially formed inhibitory synapses with parvarlbumin(PV)-positive neurons in the GPe. Lesions of PV-positive neurons in the GPe abolished an increase in NREM sleep caused by activation of AR neurons in the striatum. In contrast, chemogenetic inhibition of striatal AR neurons increased wakefulness in the active period. Taking together, these findings reveal a prominent contribution of the striatal AR neurons to the control of sleep, and provide these neurons as a therapeutic target to treat sleep disturbances, such as excessive daytime sleepiness in Parkinson’s patients.

关键词： adenosine A2A receptor sleep striatum optogenetics Chemogenetics

Lateral septum GABAergic neurons regulate active-period sleep and stress-induced insomnia

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Lateral septum GABAergic neurons regulate active-period slee...

中国睡眠研究会第十届全国学术年会

作者： Tian-Xiao Wang Jian-Ni Hui-Dong Wei-Min Qu Zhi-Li Huang Department of Pharmacology School of Basic Medical SciencesFudan University

Sleep architecture is often disturbed following a stressful event;nevertheless,the brain circuitry responsible for sleep perturbations by stress has been paid little attention.The lateral septum（LS） has been shown to have a key role in stress responses and involved in the regulation of cortical activity.However,the exact role of the LS on sleep modulation is not clear.In this study,neuronal activity in LS GABAergic neurons of freely behaving mice was recorded by fiber photometry technology,and chemogenetic and cell-selective lesion approaches were used to identify the essential role of the LS in regulating the sleep-wake behavior.Results showed that LS GABAergic neurons increased their population activity at arousal state.Then,chemogenetic activation of LS GABAergic neurons expressing hM3 Dq receptors significantly increased the non-rapid eye movement（NREM） sleep during the active period,whereas chemogenetic inhibition of LS GABAergic neurons led to a significant decrease of NREM sleep at inactive period,but not active period of mice.Moreover,selectivity lesions of LS GABAergic neurons significantly increased wakefulness during the active period and aggravated insomnia caused by a psychological stressor（cage exchange） at inactive period.Finally,dysfunction of the lateral septal nucleus significantly increased c-fos expression in the basal forebrain and lateral hypothalamus during the cage exchange.Conclusively,these findings indicate that the LS GABAergic neurons reveal a prominent contribution to regulate the active-period sleep and stress-induced insomnia.

关键词： Chemogenetics Insomnia Lateral septum Sleep

A cerebellar inhibitory signal for the regulation of sleep-wakefulness cycle

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A cerebellar inhibitory signal for the regulation of sleep-w...

中国睡眠研究会第十一届全国学术年会

作者： Bo Hu Li-Bin Zhang Jie Zhang Army Medical University

The cerebellum is a critical component of the CSN, involved in motor control and motor learning. However, patients suffering from cerebellar disorders induce not only motor deficits, but also non-motor symptoms such as increased daytime sleepiness. Vice versa, patients suffering primary sleep disorders such as daytime sleepiness are often accompanied by a decreased cerebellar volume. These data support the notion that the cerebellum might be involved in regulating sleep and wakefulness. Nevertheless, the neural mechanisms underlying this involvement remain largely unclear. Here, we examined a genetically tractable population of neurons in the mouse deep cerebellar nuclei（DCN）, whose axon fibers specifically project to the ventral lateral thalamus（VL）. We show that these neurons are composed of GABAergic（～50%）, Glycinergic（～25%） and Glutamatergic（～25%） neurons in the DCN. Therefore, most of the VL-projected DCN neurons are inhibitory units. Intriguingly, the inhibitory VL-projected DCN neurons also recurrently innervate in the cerebellar cortex. Immnohistochemmical staining reveal that the nucleocortical fiber terminals formed filopodia-like protrusions in the vicinity of Purkinje cell（PC） layer in the cerebellar cortex, indicating these fibers preferentially target the PCs. Indeed, optogenetic inhibition of the VL-projected DCN neurons disinhibits the PCs in the cerebellar cortex, which thereafter cause widespread inhibition in the DCN. Vice versa, optogenetic stimulation of the VL-projected DCN neurons induces rapid inhibition of the PCs, which results in widespread excitation in the DCN. It turns out that the inhibitory VL-projected DCN neurons can bi-directionally modulate the activities of PCs in the cerebellar cortex. In contrast, optogenetic activation of VL/VM-projected glutamatergic DCN neurons fails to induce widespread excitation in the DCN. Moreover, optogenetic activation of the VL-projected DCN neurons can provide an internal amplification of the outputs from the cerebellar cortex, as evidenced by th

关键词： Deep cerebellar nuclei Ventral lateral thalamus Purkinje cell Sleep Wakefulness Multiple units recording Optogenetics Chemogenetics

Roles of Dopamine D1 Receptor-expressing Neurons in the Nucleus Accumbens in the Regulation of Wakefulness in Mice

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Roles of Dopamine D1 Receptor-expressing Neurons in the Nucl...

中国睡眠研究会第九届学术年会

作者： LUO Yan-Jia WANG Lu LI Ya-Dong YUAN Xiang-Shan QU Wei-Min HUANG Zhi-Li Department of Pharmacology Fudan University State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology Fudan University The Institutes of Brain Science and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science Fudan University

OBJECTIVE The nucleus accumbens(NAc),a part of basal ganglia,has been reported to play a role in motivation and reward.Dysfunction of NAc causes numerous neurological disorders associated with sleep-wake disturbances.There are two different subpopulations of principle projection neurons in the NAc,dopamine D receptor(R)-expressing medium spiny neurons(DR-MSNs)and DR-MSNS,both of which are GABAergic MSNs.However,whether NAc DR-MSNs are involved in

关键词： Dopamine D1 receptor nucleus accumbens optogenetics Chemogenetics sleep-wake cycle