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Therapeutic neovascularization promoted by injectable hydrogels

Bioactive Materials 2018年第4期3卷 389-400页

作者： Amrita Pal Brent L.Vernon Mehdi Nikkhah School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering Arizona State UniversityArizona 85281USA

The aim of therapeutic neovascularization is to repair ischemic tissues via formation of new blood vessels by delivery of angiogenic growth factors,stem cells or expansion of pre-existing cells.For efficient neovascularization,controlled release of growth factors is particularly necessary since bolus injection of molecules generally lead to a poor outcome due to inadequate retention within the injured site.In this regard,injectable hydrogels,made of natural,synthetic or hybrid biomaterials,have become a promising solution for efficient delivery of angiogenic factors or stem and progenitor cells for in situ tissue repair,regeneration and neovascularization.This review article will broadly discuss the state-of-the-art in the development of injectable hydrogels from natural and synthetic precursors,and their applications in ischemic tissue repair and wound healing.We will cover a wide range of in vitro and in vivo studies in testing the functionalities of the engineered injectable hydrogels in promoting tissue repair and neovascularization.We will also discuss some of the injectable hydrogels that exhibit self-healing properties by promoting neovascularization without the presence of angiogenic factors.

关键词： Injectable hydrogels Neovascularization Tissue regeneration Angiogenic factors cell-therapy

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Perspectives of pluripotent stem cells in livestock

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World Journal of Stem cells 2021年第1期13卷 1-29页

作者： Dharmendra Kumar Thirumala R Talluri Naresh L Selokar Iqbal Hyder Wilfried A Ku Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division ICARCentral Institute for Research on BuffaloesHisar 125001India Equine Production Campus ICAR-National Research Centre on EquinesBikaner 334001India Department of Physiology NTR College of Veterinary ScienceGannavaram 521102India Department of Biotechnology Friedrich-Loeffler-InstituteFederal Institute of Animal HealthNeustadt 31535Germany

The recent progress in derivation of pluripotent stem cells(PSCs)from farm animals opens new approaches not only for reproduction,genetic engineering,treatment and conservation of these species,but also for screening novel drugs for their efficacy and toxicity,and modelling of human diseases.Initial attempts to derive PSCs from the inner cell mass of blastocyst stages in farm animals were largely unsuccessful as either the cells survived for only a few passages,or lost their cellular potency;indicating that the protocols which allowed the derivation of murine or human embryonic stem(ES)cells were not sufficient to support the maintenance of ES cells from farm animals.This scenario changed by the innovation of induced pluripotency and by the development of the 3 inhibitor culture conditions to support naïve pluripotency in ES cells from livestock species.However,the long-term culture of livestock PSCs while maintaining the full pluripotency is still challenging,and requires further refinements.Here,we review the current achievements in the derivation of PSCs from farm animals,and discuss the potential application areas.

关键词： Livestock cellular reprogramming Chimera cell-therapy Ontogenesis Pluripotency

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Novel insights for improving the therapeutic safety and efficiency of mesenchymal stromal cells

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World Journal of Stem cells 2020年第12期12卷 1474-1491页

作者： Mehdi Najar Johanne Martel-Pelletier Jean Pierre Pelletier Hassan Fahmi Department of Medicine University of MontrealOsteoarthritis Research UnitUniversity of Montreal Hospital Research Center(CRCHUM)MontrealQC H2X 0A9Canada

Mesenchymal stromal cells(MSCs)have attracted great interest in the field of regenerative medicine.They can home to damaged tissue,where they can exert pro-regenerative and anti-inflammatory properties.These therapeutic effects involve the secretion of growth factors,cytokines,and chemokines.Moreover,the functions of MSCs could be mediated by extracellular vesicles(EVs)that shuttle various signaling messengers.Although preclinical studies and clinical trials have demonstrated promising therapeutic results,the efficiency and the safety of MSCs need to be improved.After transplantation,MSCs face harsh environmental conditions,which likely dampen their therapeutic efficacy.A possible strategy aiming to improve the survival and therapeutic functions of MSCs needs to be developed.The preconditioning of MSCs ex vivo would strength their capacities by preparing them to survive and to better function in this hostile environment.In this review,we will discuss several preconditioning approaches that may improve the therapeutic capacity of MSCs.As stated above,EVs can recapitulate the beneficial effects of MSCs and may help avoid many risks associated with cell transplantation.As a result,this novel type of cell-free therapy may be safer and more efficient than the whole cell product.We will,therefore,also discuss current knowledge regarding the therapeutic properties of MSC-derived EVs.

关键词： cell-therapy Mesenchymal stromal cells Safety Extracellular vesicles Efficiency Preconditioning

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