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Xenopus cell-free extracts and their applications in cell biology study

Biophysics Reports 2023年第4期9卷 195-205页

作者： Junjun Liu Chuanmao Zhang Department of Biological Sciences California State Polytechnic University The Academy for cell and Life Health Faculty of Life Science and Technology Kunming University of Science and Technology The Key Laboratory of cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education College of Life SciencesPeking University

Xenopus has proven to be a remarkably versatile model organism in the realm of biological research for numerous years, owing to its straightforward maintenance in laboratory settings and its abundant provision of ample-sized oocytes, eggs, and embryos. The cell cycle of these oocytes, eggs, and early embryos exhibits synchrony, and extracts derived from these cells serve various research purposes. Many fundamental concepts in biochemistry, cell biology, and development have been elucidated through the use of cell-free extracts derived from Xenopus cells. Over the past few decades, a wide array of cell-free extracts has been prepared from oocytes, eggs, and early embryos of different Xenopus species at varying cell cycle stages. Each of these extracts possesses distinct characteristics. This review provides a concise overview of the Xenopus species employed in laboratory research, the diverse types of cell-free extracts available, and their respective properties. Furthermore, this review delves into the extensive investigation of spindle assembly in Xenopus egg extracts, underscoring the versatility and potency of these cell-free systems in the realm of cell biology.

关键词： Xenopus cell-free extract Oocyte Egg Embryo Meiosis Mitosis Spindle

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Methodologies for preparation of prokaryotic extracts for cell-free expression systems

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2020年第4期5卷 252-267页

作者： Stephanie D.Cole Aleksandr E.Miklos Abel C.Chiao Zachary Z.Sun Matthew W.Lux US Army Combat Capabilities Development Command Chemical Biological Center 8567 Ricketts Point RoadAberdeen Proving GroundMD21010USA Division of Biology and Biological Engineering California Institute of TechnologyPasadenaCAUSA Synvitrobio Inc. San FranciscoCAUSA 8567 Ricketts Point Road Bldg E3549 Room B140APGMD21010USA

cell-free systems that mimic essential cell functions,such as gene expression,have dramatically expanded in recent years,both in terms of applications and widespread *** we provide a review of cell-extract methods,with a specific focus on prokaryotic ***,we describe the diversity of Escherichia coli genetic strains available and their corresponding *** then trace the history of cell-extract methodology over the past 20 years,showing key improvements that lower the entry level for new ***,we survey the rise of new prokaryotic cell-free systems,with associated methods,and the opportunities ***,we use this historical perspective to comment on the role of methodology improvements and highlight where further improvements may be possible.

关键词： cell-free systems cell-free expression cell-free extract Synthetic biology Methods

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Microcystin-LR biodegradation by Sphingopyxis ***-05

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2011年第4期5卷 526-532页

作者： Chengbin XIAO Hai YAN Junfeng WANG Wei WEI Jun NING Gang PAN Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China School of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

A promising bacterial strain for biodegradingmicrocystin-LR(MC-LR)as the sole carbon and nitrogensource was successfully isolated from Lake Dianchi,*** strain was identified as Sphingopyxis ***-05,which was the first isolated MCs-biodegradingSphingopyxis *** *** average biodegradationrate of MC-LR by Sphingopyxis ***-05 was 28.8mg·L^(-1)per day,which was apparently higher than those ofother bacteria reported so *** optimal temperature andpH for both strain USTB-05 growth and MC-LRbiodegradation were 30℃and 7.0,*** of MC-LR from the cyanobacterial cells collectedfrom Lake Guishui and the biodegradation of MC-LR byboth strain and cell-free extract(CE)were *** results indicated that MC-LR with the initialconcentration of 4.0 mg·L^(-1)in water was biodegraded bySphingopyxis ***-05 within 4 d,while MC-LR withthe initial concentration of 28.8 mg·L^(-1)could be completelyremoved in 3 h by CE of Sphingopyxis ***-05 containing 350 mg·L^(-1)*** enzymaticbiodegradation of MC-LR,two intermediate metabolitesand a dead-end product were observed on an ***,the similar scanning profiles ofMC-LR and its metabolic products indicate that the Addaside-chain of MC-LR was kept intact in all products.

关键词： microcystin-LR(MC-LR) biodegradation Sphingopyxis sp USTB-05 cell-free extract

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Biodegradation of Microcystin-RR by a New Isolated Sphingopyxis sp. USTB-05

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2010年第1期18卷 108-112页

作者：王俊峰吴鹏飞陈建闫海 Department of Biological Science and Technology School of Applied science University of Science and Tech-nology Beijing Beijing 100083 China Department of Environmental Engineering School of Resource and Environmental Engineering Jiangxi Univer-sity of Science and Technology Ganzhou 341000 China

A promising bacterial strain for the biodegradation of Microcystins(MCs)was isolated from Dianchi lake in China and identified as Sphingopyxis ***-05 by the analysis of 16s *** MC-RR of 42.3 mg·L -1 was completely degraded by USTB-05 within 36 h,which was a relatively high biodegradation rate of *** the cell-free extract(CE)of Sphingopyxis ***-05,MC-RR was biodegraded at a more rapid biodegradation rate compared with its strain,so that initial MC-RR of 42.3 mg·L -1 was completely biodegraded within 10 *** the bio-reaction of MC-RR catalyzed by CE,two intermediate metabolites and a dead-end product of MC-RR were observed on HPLC profiles and all of them had similar scanning profiles in the wavelength from 200 to 300 nm,indicating that the group of Adda in all products of MC-RR remained intact.

关键词： microcystin-RR Sphingopyxis sp.USTB-05 cell-free extract biodegradation

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