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Multi-endpoint assays reveal more severe toxicity induced by chloraminated effluent organic matter than chloraminated natural organic matter

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 310-317页

作者： Hai-Yan Wang De-Xiu Wu Ye Du Xiao-Tong Lv Qian-Yuan Wu State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Urban Water Recycling and Environmental SafetyTsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518055China College of Architecture and Environment Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610000China

Disinfection by chloramination produces toxic byproducts and the difference in toxicity of reclaimed and drinking water treated by chloramination remains *** study investigated cytotoxic effects at the same concentrations of dissolved organic matter and showed that chloraminated effluent organic matter(EfOM)induced 1.7 times higher cytotoxicity than chloraminated natural organic matter(NOM)applied to simulate drinking *** EfOM induced more reactive nitrogen species than chloraminated NOM,and chloraminated EfOM and NOM induced similar and higher levels of reactive oxygen species than the negative control,***,intracellular macromolecule damage indicated by DNA/RNA damage marker 8–hydroxy-(deoxy)guanosine and the intracellular protein carbonyl concentration induced by chloraminated EfOM was higher and slightly more than that induced by chloraminated NOM,*** data were consistent with the effects on cell physiological *** cycle arrest mainly occurred in G2 phase by chloraminated EfOM and *** apoptotic cells,which could return to normal,increased upon exposure to high concentrations of chloraminated EfOM and ***,necrotic cells were significantly increased from 0.5%to 2.5%when the concentration increased from 20-to 60-fold chloraminated EfOM,but were not obviously changed by chloraminated *** results indicated that the comprehensive intracellular changes induced by toxic substances in chloraminated EfOM were more irreversible and induced more cell death than chloraminated NOM.

关键词： Cytotoxicity Intracellular active nitrogen/oxygen Intracellular oxidative damage cell necrosis Reclaimed water

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Quinacrine pretreatment reduces microwave-induced neuronal damage by stabilizing the cell membrane

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第3期13卷 449-455页

作者： Xue-feng Ding Yan Wu Wen-rui Qu Ming Fan Yong-qi Zhao Department of Cognitive Sciences Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Hand & Foot Surgery and Reparative & Reconstructive Surgery Center Orthopedic Hospital of the Second Hospital of Jilin University

Quinacrine, widely used to treat parasitic diseases, binds to cell membranes. We previously found that quinacrine pretreatment reduced microwave radiation damage in rat hippocampal neurons, but the molecular mechanism remains poorly understood. Considering the thermal effects of microwave radiation and the protective effects of quinacrine on heat damage in cells, we hypothesized that quinacrine would prevent microwave radiation damage to cells in a mechanism associated with cell membrane stability. To test this, we used retinoic acid to induce PC12 cells to differentiate into neuron-like cells. We then pretreated the neurons with quinacrine （20 and 40 mM） and irradiated them with 50 mW/cm^2 microwaves for 3 or 6 hours. Flow cytometry, atomic force microscopy and western blot assays revealed that irradiated cells pretreated with quinacrine showed markedly less apoptosis, necrosis, and membrane damage, and greater expression of heat shock protein 70, than cells exposed to microwave irradiation alone. These results suggest that quinacrine stabilizes the neuronal membrane structure by upregulating the expression of heat shock protein 70, thus reducing neuronal injury caused by microwave radiation.

关键词： nerve regeneration quinacrine microwave irradiation heat shock cell apoptosis cell necrosis thermal effect cell membrane heat shock protein 70 nerve cells neural regeneration

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Changes of nuclear pore and neurons in lumbar dorsal root ganglion of doxorubicin-intoxicated rats

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中国组织工程研究 2001年第2期 154-155+157页

作者：赫秋月韩漫夫大西晃生

Objective To study how Doxorubicin (DXR) causes degeneration of neurons in the lumbar dorsal root ganglion (DRG) in *** Light microscopic studies, which included the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate-biotin nick end labeling method, and electron microscopic observation revealed that the moderate nuclear and remarkeble cytoplasmic degeneration of DRG neurons of Sprague-Dawley rats after intravenous administration of 8 mg/kg of DXR was cell necrosis, not *** In some neurons, mostly dark and usually with moderate degrees of nuclear degenerative changes, the nuclear pores were decreased in number and obscure 14 and 20 days after DXR administration. DXR enters presumabley the nucleus and is partly removed through the nuclear pores. However, the diameters of nuclear pores were similar in DXR-intoxicated and control *** The changes in nuclear pores of neurons in DXR intoxication, which to our knowledge has not been previously studied, are considered to be part of the degenerative or necrotic changes of DRG neurons.

关键词： apoptosis dorsal ganglion neuron doxorubicin nuclear pore cell necrosis

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Investigation of anticancer effect of Xanthoceraside in vitro and the mechanism of Xanthoceraside-induced human breast cancer MCF-7 cell death

Investigation of anticancer effect of Xanthoceraside in vitr...

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两岸三地药理学与临床药理学术会议

作者： JI Xue-fei~1 XIA Ming-yu~1 CHI Tian-yan~1 WANG Li-hua~2 YANG Bai-zhen~2 ZOU Li-bo~1 (1. School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China 2. Shenyang Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China)

Objective To investigate the anticancer effect of xanthoceraside in vitro and the possible mecha- nisms involved in the potent antiproliferative effect on human breast cancer MCF-7 *** The inhi- bition rate of different tumor cells and human peripheral blood lymphocyte cells was investigated by MTT ***/EB double fluorescent dye staining was used to investigate the morphology changes of MCF-7. The DNA agarose gel electrophoresis was further used to observe the DNA *** cytometry was employed to investigate the volume changes,the cell cycle distribution and the mitochondrial membrane potential of *** antioxidant N-acetylcysteine(NAC)was chosen to detect the influence on oxidant- stress system of MCF-7 ***-1 was next chosen to detect the influence on antiproliferative ef- fect of xanthoceraside-treated MCF-7 *** Xanthoceraside could inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells significantly in a dose-dependent manner and it has no cytotoxic effects on human peripheral blood lym- phocyte cells in *** vacuole was observed but no significant condense of nuclear chromatin was found,meanwhile,MCF-7 cells were bigger and smear was observed by agarose gel electrophoresis after MCF-7 cells were exposed to *** cell cycle distribution of MCF-7 was greatly changed after exposure to xanthoceraside with an obvious G1 *** mitochondrial membrane potential showed signif- icant *** attenuate the antiproliferative effect of xanthoceraside-treated MCF-7 cells but necro- statin-1 had no *** Xanthoceraside-induced necrosis might be dependent of mitochondria, meanwhile reactive oxygen species(ROS)participated in *** xanthoceraside-induced MCF-7 cell death might not be the cell necrosis which initiated by Fas/TNFR and must be through RIP1 kinase.

关键词： xanthoceraside MCF-7 cell necrosis mitochondria ROS

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