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Extension of Flow Behaviour and Damage Models for cast iron Alloys with Strain Rate Effect

Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2024年第3期37卷 297-310页

作者： Chuang Liu Dongzhi Sun Xianfeng Zhang Florence Andrieux Tobias Gersterc School of Mechanical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China Fraunhofer Institute for Mechanics of Materials(IWM) 79108 FreiburgGermany Fraunhofer Institute for High Speed Dynamics Ernst-Mach-Institute(EMI)79104 FreiburgGermany

cast iron alloys with low production cost and quite good mechanical properties are widely used in the automotive *** study the mechanical behavior of a typical ductile cast iron(GJS-450)with nodular graphite,uni-axial quasi-static and dynamic tensile tests at strain rates of 10^(-4),1,10,100,and 250 s^(-1)were carried *** order to investigate the influence of stress state on the deformation and fracture parameters,specimens with various geometries were used in the *** strain curves and fracture strains of the GJS-450 alloy in the strain rate range of 10^(-4)to 250 s^(-1)were obtained.A strain rate-dependent plastic flow model was proposed to describe the mechanical behavior in the corresponding strain-rate *** available damage model was extended to take the strain rate into account and calibrated based on the analysis of local fracture *** with the proposed plastic flow model and the damage model were conducted to observe the deformation and fracture *** results show that the strain rate has obviously nonlinear effects on the yield stress and fracture strain of GJS-450 *** predictions with the proposed plastic flow and damage models at various strain rates agree well with the experimental results,which illustrates that the rate-dependent plastic flow and damage models can be used to describe the mechanical behavior of cast iron alloys at elevated strain *** proposed plastic flow and damage models can be used to describe the deformation and fracture analysis of materials with similar properties.

关键词： Dynamic behavior of materials Strain rate dependency Damage model Voce model cast iron

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Wear behavior of bainite ductile cast iron under impact load

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2014年第9期21卷 871-877页

作者： Ting Sun Ren-bo Song Fu-qiang Yang Chun-jing Wu School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing

The dry impact wear behavior of bainite ductile cast iron was evaluated under three different impact loads for 30000 cycles. The strain-hardening effects beneath the contact surfaces were analyzed according to the surfaces＇ micro-hardness profiles. Scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and X-ray diffraction （XRD） were used to observe the wom surfaces. The results indicated that the material with the highest hardness was the one continuously cooled at 20℃, which exhibited the lowest wear rate under each set of test conditions. The hardness of the worn surface and the thickness of the hardened layer increased with the increases in impact load and in the number of test cycles. The better wear performance of the sample cooled at 20℃ is attributed to its finer microstructure and superior mechanical properties. All the samples underwent the transformation induced plasticity （TRIP） phenomenon after impact wear, as revealed by the fact that small amounts of retained austenite were detected by XRD.

关键词： cast iron continuous cooling wear behavior impact loads martensitic transformations

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Numerical modeling and experimental validation of microstructure in gray cast iron

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2012年第10期19卷 908-914页

作者： Masoud Jabbari Parviz Davami Naser Varahram Department of Mechanical Engineering Technical University of DenmarkKgs.Lyngby 2800Denmark Department of Materials Science and Engineering Sharif University of TechnologyTehran 11365Iran

To predict the amount of different phases in gray cast iron by a finite difference model （FDM） on the basis of cooling rate （R）, the volume fractions of total y phase, graphite, and cementite were calculated. The results of phase composition were evaluated to find a proper correlation with cooling rate. More trials were carried out to find a good correlation between the hardness and phase composition. New proposed formulas show that the hardness of gray cast iron decreases as the amount of graphite phase increases, and increases as the amount of cementite inereases. The,qe fnrrnulas are develoned to correlate the nhase volume fraction to hardness. The results are compared with exverimental data and show reasonable agreement.

关键词： cast iron cooling microstructure mechanical properties finite difference method

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Abrasive wear behavior of cast iron coatings plasma-sprayed at different mild steel substrate temperatures

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2012年第8期19卷 733-738页

作者： Ya-zhe Xing Qiu-lan Wei Chao-ping Jiang Jian-min Hao School of Materials Science and Engineering Chang'an University Xi'an 710064 China Department of Automotive Engineering Shaanxi College of Communication Technology Xi'an 710018 China

Three kinds of cast iron coatings were prepared by atmospheric plasma spraying. During the spraying, the mild steel substrate temperature was controlled to be averagely 50, 180, and 240℃, respectively. Abrasive wear tests were conducted on the coatings under a dry friction condition. It is ibund that the abrasive wear resistance is enhanced with the substrate temperature increasing. SEM observations show that the wear losses of the coatings during the wear tests mainly result from the spalling of the splats. Furthermore, the improved wear resis- tance of the coatings mainly owes to the formation of oxides and the enhancement in the mechanical properties with the substrate temperature increasing.

关键词： cast iron coatings plasma spraying wear bonding

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Fabrication of plain carbon steel/high chromium white cast iron bimetal by a liquid–solid composite casting process

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2015年第9期22卷 950-955页

作者： V.Javaheri H.Rastegari M.Naseri Division of Research and Development Isfahan Casting Industries Co.(ICI) Department of Engineering Birjand University of Technology

High-chromium white cast iron （HCWCI） is one of the most widely used engineering materials in the mining and cement industries. However, in some components, such as the pulverizer plates of ash mills, the poor machinability of HCWCI creates difficulties. The bimetal casting technique is a suitable method for improving the machinability of HCWCI by joining an easily machined layer of plain carbon steel （PCS） to its hard part. In this study, the possibility of PCS/HCWCI bimetal casting was investigated using sand casting. The investigation was conducted by optical and electron microscopy and non-destructive, impact toughness, and tensile tests. The hardness and chemical composition profiles on both sides of the interface were plotted in this study. The results indicated that a conventional and low-cost casting technique could be a reliable method for producing PCSYdCWCI bimetal. The interfacial microstructure comprised two distinct lay- ers： a very fine, partially spheroidized pearlite layer and a coarse full pearlite layer. Moreover, characterization of the microstructure revealed that the interface was free of defects.

关键词： bimetals carbon steel cast iron casting interfaces microstructure mechanical properties

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Influence of vanadium and chromium additions on the wear resistance of a gray cast iron

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2012年第7期19卷 602-607页

作者： A.Hassani A.Habibollahzadeh S.Sadeghinejad Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Semnan University

A low-alloy gray cast iron containing hard carbide-forming elements, such as vanadium and chromium, was cast by sand mould casting. Its wear resistance was compared with that of an untreated gray cast iron. Three different loading conditions were tested under a con- stant speed. It was observed that this alloy could reduce the wear loss of standard gray cast iron by up to 89%, which was much greater than what was achieved in previous reports. Scanning electron microscopy （SEM） was used to determine the predominant wear mechanism of both the alloys. In a mild wear regime, the oxidative mechanism was predominant; however, in a severe wear regime, this mechanism was not predominant and the adhesive mechanism was involved. EDX analysis was conducted to evaluate the quantitative amounts of elements in the tribochemical films formed on the wear tracks.

关键词： cast iron wear resistance carbides vanadium chromium

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Microstructure and Wear Resistance of Ductile cast iron Laser Clad with Ni-Ti-Co-C

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 1999年第3期15卷 222-224页

作者： Luan, JF Hu, JD Zhou, ZF Wang, HY Jilin Univ Technol Microanal Ctr Changchun 130025 Peoples R China

Using electrode as laser cladding materials, the microstructure and wear resistance of laser clad layer of ductile cast iron was studied. The laser clad layer can be subdivided into the melted zone where existed large amounts of austenite, graphite nodules and some carbides, and the solid state transformation zone which included martensite and austenite below the melted zone. The Ti combined with C to form TiC increasing the wear resistance; The Co significantly increased the wear resistance compared with Ti.

关键词： cast iron

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Relationship between Primary Crystal Temperature and Carbon Equivalent in cast iron

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2008年第3期24卷 325-326页

作者： T.Kanno T.Kikuchi K.Hayashi Y.Maruyama Kimura Chuzosho Co.Ltd. 1157 Nagasawa Shimizu-choShizuoka-ken

CE （=%C＋（1/3）x（%Si）） does not suit experiment results in many cases. In this work, the effect of alloy elements on primary crystal temperature was measured and the relationship between primary crystal temperature （Tc） and carbon equivalent （CEL） was investigated. The results show that Tc （Celsius degree） = 1650-110 × （%C） -25 × （%Si）＋3 × （%Mn） -35 × （%P） -71 × （%5）-2 × （%Ni） -7 × （%Cr）; CEL=%C ＋ 0.23×（%Si）-0.03× （%Mn）＋0.32×（%P）＋0.64×（%S）＋0.02×（%Ni）＋0.06×（%Cr）. That is, in hypo eutectic composition, carbon equivalent should be calculated with CEL=%C＋ 0.23×（%Si）, not with CE=%C＋（1/3） x（%Si）.

关键词： Carbon equivalent cast iron Primary crystal temperature Hypo eutectic composition

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Ultrasound enhancement of the reduction of the Basic Green dye in wastewater by cast iron

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2006年第1期18卷 1-3页

作者： SHEN Zhuang-zhi SHEN Jian-zhong Institute of Acoustics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China

Dyes in wastewater are of particular environmental concern since they give an undesirable color to the waters, dye and their derivatives are harmful to human health and the environment （ Annadurai et al., 2002）. Due to their biological persistency, conventional biological treat-ment processes such as activated sludge process are ineffective for their removal（Shaul et al., 1991）. There is a need to develop effective methods for the degradation of such persistent organic pollutants, either to less harmful compounds or, more desirable, to their complete mineralization.

关键词： cast iron ultrasound Basic Green combined effect

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Abrasive Wear Behavior of High Chromium cast iron and Hadfield Steel-A Comparison

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Journal of iron and Steel Research(International) 2012年第4期19卷 43-50页

作者： Mehdi Mazar Atabaki Sajjad Jafari Hassan Abdollah-pour Department of Materials Engineering Faculty of Mechanical EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi MalaysiaJohor Bahru 81310Malaysia Institute for Materials Research School of ProcessEnvironmental and Materials EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversity of LeedsLeeds LS29JTUK Department of Materials Engineering Faculty of EngineeringSemnan UniversitySemnan 85138-33931Iran

Wear properties of two different crushers used for grinding raw materials of cement industry are compared using pin-on-disk wear *** wear test was carried out with different loads on a *** wear behavior of two alloys was evaluated by comparing mass loss,wear resistance,microhardness and friction *** microstructure of the specimens was detected using optical *** results showed that abrasive wear of high chromium cast iron is lower than that of Hadfield *** to the presence of M7C3 carbides on the high chromium cast iron matrix,impact crushers exhibited higher friction coefficient

关键词： abrasive wear Hadfield steel high chromium cast iron

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