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Effects of Salt Stress on carbohydrate metabolism in Desert Soil Alga Microcoleus vaginatus Gom

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2006年第8期48卷 914-919页

作者： Lan-Zhou Chen Dun-Hai Li Li-Rong Song Chun-Xiang Hu Gao-Hong Wang Yong-Ding Liu State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology Institute of Hydrobiology the Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430072 China School of Resource and Environmental Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China

The effects of salt stress on carbohydrate metabolism in Microcoleus vaginatus Gom., a cyanobacterium isolated from desert algal crusts, were investigated in the present study. Extracellular total carbohydrates and exopolysaccharides （EPS） in the culture medium produced by M. vaginatus increased significantly during the growth phase and reached a maximum during the stationary phase. The production of extracellular carbohydrates also significantly increased under higher salt concentrations, which was attributed to an increase in low molecular weight carbohydrates. In the presence of NaCI, the production of cellular total carbohydrates decreased and photosynthetic activity was impaired, whereas cellular reducing sugars, water-soluble sugars and sucrose content and sucrose phosphate synthase activity increased, reaching a maximum in the presence of 200 mmol/L NaCI. These parameters were restored to original levels when the algae were transferred to a non-saline medium. Sodium and K＋ concentrations of stressed cells decreased significantly and H＋-ATPase activity increased after the addition of exogenous sucrose or EPS. The results suggest that EPS and sucrose are synthesized to maintain the cellular osmOtic equilibrium between the intra-and extracellular environment, thus protecting algal cells from osmotic damage, which was attributed to the selective exclusion of cellular Na＋ and K＋ by H＋-ATPase.

关键词： carbohydrate metabolism desert cyanobacteria exopolysaccharides (EPS) osmotic equilibrium salt stress.

Response of carbohydrate metabolism-mediated sink strength to auxin in shoot tips of apple plants

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2022年第2期21卷 422-433页

作者： SU Jing CUI Wei-fang ZHU Ling-cheng LI Bai-yun MA Feng-wang LI Ming-jun State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple/College of Horticulture Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100P.R.China

Auxin(indole-3-acetic acid, IAA) has a considerable impact on the regulation of plant carbohydrate levels and growth, but the mechanism by which it regulates sugar levels in plants has received little attention. In this study, we found that exogenous IAA altered fructose(Fru), glucose(Glc), and sucrose(Suc) concentrations in shoot tips mainly by regulating MdSUSY1, MdFRK2, MdHxK1 and MdSDH2 transcript levels. Additionally, we used 5-year-old ’Royal Gala’ apple trees to further verify that these genes play primary roles in regulating sink strength. The results showed that MdSUSY1, MdFRK2, MdHxK1/3 and MdSDH2 might be major contributors to sink strength regulation. Taken together, these results provide new insight into the regulation of the carbohydrate metabolism mechanism, which will be helpful for regulating sink strength and yield.

关键词： apple exogenous IAA carbohydrate metabolism sink strength shoot tips

New insights into the influence of myo-inositol on carbohydrate metabolism during osmoregulation in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第3期10卷 86-98页

作者： Jiahua Zhu Liqiao Chen Yuxing Huang Fan Zhang Jingyu Pan Erchao Li Jianguang Qin Chuanjie Qin Xiaodan Wang Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health School of Life SciencesEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China College of Science and Engineering Flinders UniversityAdelaideSA 5001Australia Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research CenterCollege of Marine SciencesHainan UniversityHaikou 570228China Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province for Fishes Conservation and Utilization in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Neijiang Normal UniversityNeijiang 641100China

A two-factor(23)orthogonal testwas conducted to investigate the effects of dietary myo-inositol(MI)on the osmoregulation and carbohydrate metabolism of euryhaline fish tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus)under sustained hypertonic stress(20 practical salinity units[psu]).6 diets containing either normal carbohydrate(NC,30%)or high carbohydrate(HC,45%)levels,with 3 levels(0,400 and 1,200 mg/kg diet)of MI,respectively,were fed to 540 fish under 20 psu for 8 *** MI supplementation significantly improved growth performance and crude protein content of whole fish,and decreased the content of crude lipid of whole fish(Pcarbohydrate metabolism in liver(Pcarbohydrate would intensify stress,and impair the ability of osmoregulation in tilapia under a long-term hypersaline *** supplementation of MI at 1,200 mg/kg in the high carbohydrate diet could promote carbohydrate utilization and improve the osmoregulation capacity of tilapia under long-term hypertonic stress.

关键词： Myo-inositol carbohydrate metabolism Osmoregulation Oreochromis niloticus

Development and Validation of a carbohydrate metabolism-Related Model for Predicting Prognosis and Immune Landscape in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients

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Current Medical Science 2024年第4期44卷 771-788页

作者： Hong-xiang HUANG Pei-yuan ZHONG Ping LI Su-juan PENG Xin-jing DING Xiang-lian CAI Jin-hong CHEN Xie ZHUI Zhi-hui LUI Xing-yu TAO Yang-yang LIU Li CHEN Department of Oncology The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang330006China Jiangxi Institute of Respiratory Disease The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang330006China Department of Oncology Jiangxi Provincial People’s HospitalThe First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical CollegeNanchang330006China Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang330006China

Objective The activities and products of carbohydrate metabolism are involved in key processes of ***,its relationship with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is *** The cancer genome atlas(TCGA)-HCC and ICGC-LIRI-JP datasets were acquired via public *** expressed genes(DEGs)between HCC and control samples in the TCGA-HCC dataset were identified and overlapped with 355 carbohydrate metabolism-related genes(CRGs)to obtain differentially expressed CRGs(DE-CRGs).Then,univariate Cox and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)analyses were applied to identify risk model genes,and HCC samples were divided into high/low-risk groups according to the median risk ***,gene set enrichment analysis(GSEA)was performed on the risk model *** sensitivity of the risk model to immunotherapy and chemotherapy was also *** A total of 8 risk model genes,namely,G6PD,PFKFB4,ACAT1,ALDH2,ACYP1,OGDHL,ACADS,and TKTL1,were ***,the risk score,cancer status,age,and pathologic T stage were strongly associated with the prognosis of HCC *** the stromal score and immune score had significant negative/positive correlations with the risk score,reflecting the important role of the risk model in immunotherapy ***,the stromal and immune scores had significant negative/positive correlations with risk scores,reflecting the important role of the risk model in immunotherapy ***,we found that high-/low-risk patients were more sensitive to 102 drugs,suggesting that the risk model exhibited sensitivity to chemotherapy *** results of the experiments in HCC tissue samples validated the expression of the risk model *** Through bioinformatic analysis,we constructed a carbohydrate metabolism-related risk model for HCC,contributing to the prognosis prediction and treatment of HCC patients.

关键词： hepatocellular carcinoma carbohydrate metabolism the cancer genome atlas bioinformatics

Asiaticoside ameliorates type 2 diabetes mellitus in rats by modulating carbohydrate metabolism and regulating insulin signaling

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2024年第9期14卷 401-409页

作者： B.Prathap V.Satyanarayanan K.Duraipandian P.Subashree Department of Pharmacology Karpaga Vinayaga Institute of Medical Sciences and Research CenterMaduranthakam 603308Tamil NaduIndia Department of Pharmacology SRM Medical College Hospital and Research CenterKattankulathur 603211Tamil NaduIndia Department of Anatomy Karpaga Vinayaga Institute of Medical Sciences and Research CenterMaduranthakam 603308Tamil NaduIndia Department of Ophthalmology Karpaga Vinayaga Institute of Medical Sciences and Research CenterMaduranthakam 603308Tamil NaduIndia

Objective:To evaluate the effect of asiaticoside on streptozotocin(STZ)and nicotinamide(NAD)-induced carbohydrate metabolism abnormalities and deregulated insulin signaling pathways in ***:Asiaticoside(50 and 100 mg/kg body weight)was administered to STZ-NAD-induced diabetic rats for 45 days,and its effects on hyperglycaemic,carbohydrate metabolic,and insulin signaling pathway markers were ***:Asiaticoside increased insulin production,lowered blood glucose levels,and enhanced glycolysis by improving hexokinase activity and suppressing glucose-6-phosphatase and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase *** in glycogen metabolism were mitigated by increasing glycogen synthase activity and gluconeogenesis was decreased by decreasing glycogen phosphorylase ***,asiaticoside upregulated the mRNA expressions of IRS-1,IRS-2,and GLUT4 in STZ-NAD-induced diabetic rats and restored the beta cell morphology to ***:Asiaticoside has the potential to ameliorate type 2 diabetes by improving glycolysis,gluconeogenesis,and insulin signaling pathways.

关键词： Asiaticoside Type 2 diabetes mellitus Metabolic disorders carbohydrate metabolism Insulin signaling

PCSK9 and carbohydrate metabolism:A double-edged sword

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World Journal of Diabetes 2017年第7期8卷 311-316页

作者： Theodosios D Filippatos Sebastian Filippas-Ntekouan Eleni Pappa Thalia Panagiotopoulou Vasilios Tsimihodimos Moses S Elisaf Department of Internal Medicine School of MedicineUniversity of Ioannina45110 IoanninaGreece

Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9(PCSK9) plays a paramount role in the degradation of lowdensity lipoprotein(LDL) receptors(LDLR) on the hepatic cells surface and subsequently affects LDL particles catabolism and LDL cholesterol(LDL-c) levels. The anti-PCSK9 monoclonal antibodies lead to substantial decrease of LDL-c concentration. PCSK9(which is also expressed in pancreatic delta-cells) can decrease LDLR and subsequently decrease cholesterol accumulation in pancreatic beta-cells, which impairs glucose metabolism and reduces insulin secretion. Thus, a possible adverse effect of PCSK9 inhibitors on carbohydrate metabolism may be expected by this mechanism, which has been supported by the mendelian studies results. On the other hand, clinical data have suggested a detrimental association of PCSK9 with glucose metabolism. So, the inhibition of PCSK9 may be seen as a double-edged sword regarding carbohydrate metabolism. Completed clinical trials have not shown a detrimental effect of PCSK9 inhibitors on diabetes risk, but their short-term duration does not allow definite conclusions.

关键词： Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 Diabetes carbohydrate metabolism Low-density lipoprotein Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors

Effects of mepiquat chloride and plant population density on leaf photosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism in upland cotton

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Journal of Cotton Research 2023年第4期6卷 250-265页

作者： LUO Haihua ZHANG Zhengxian WU Jianfei WU Zhenjiang WEN Tianwang TANG Feiyu Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology Ecology and Genetic BreedingMinistry of EducationCollege of AgronomyJiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang 330045China Jiangxi Institute for Industrial Crops Research Jiujiang 332005China

Background Mepiquat chloride(MC)application and plant population density(PPD)increasing are required for modern cotton ***,their interactive effects on leaf physiology and carbohydrate metabolism remain *** study aimed to examine whether and how MC and PPD affect the leaf morpho-physiological characteristics,and thus final cotton *** of three levels(D1:2.25 plants·m^(-2),D2:4.5 plants·m^(-2),and D3:6.75 plants·m^(-2))and MC dosage of two levels(MC0:0 g·ha^(-2),MC1:82.5 g·ha^(-2))were combined to create six *** dynamics of nonstructual carbohydrate concentration,carbon metabolism-related enzyme activity,and photosynthetic attributes in cotton leaves were examined during reproductive growth in 2019 and *** Among six treatments,the high PPD of 6.75 plants·m^(-2)combined with MC application(MC1D3)exhibited the greatest seed cotton yield and biological *** sucrose,hexose,starch,and total nonstructural carbohydrate(TNC)concentrations peaked at the first flowering(FF)stage and then declined to a minimum at the first boll opening(FBO)*** with other treatments,MC1D3 improved starch and TNC concentration by 5.4%~88.4%,7.8%~52.0% in 2019,and by 14.6%~55.9%,13.5%~39.7% in 2020 at the FF stage,***,MC1D3 produced higher transformation rates of starch and TNC from the FF to FBO stages,indicating greater carbon production and utilization ***1D3 displayed the maximal specific leaf weight(SLW)at the FBO stage,and the highest chlorophyll a(Chl a),Chl b,and Chl a+b concentration at the mid-late growth phase in both *** Rubisco activity with MC1D3 was 2.6%~53.2% higher at the flowering and boll setting stages in both years,and 2.4%~52.7% higher at the FBO stage in 2020 than those in other *** results provided a explanation of higher leaf senescence-resistant ability in *** Increasing PPD coupled with MC application improves cotton yield by enhancing leaf car

关键词： Gossypium hirsutum L. Mepiquat chloride Plant population density carbohydrate metabolism Photosynthesis

A Transcriptomic Analysis of Physiological Significance of Hypoxia-inducible Factor-1α in Myogenesis and carbohydrate metabolism of Genioglossus in Mice

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Chinese Medical Journal 2017年第13期130卷 1570-1577页

作者： Tong Hao Yue-Hua Liu Yuan-Yuan Li Yun Lu Hong-Yi Xu Department of Orthodontics School and Hospital of Stomatology Tongji University Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration Shanghai 200072 China Department of Orthodontics Shanghai Stomatological Hospital Shanghai 200001 China

Background： Chronic intermittent hypoxia is the most remarkable feature of obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome and it can induce the change of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α （H IF-1α） expression and contractile properties in the genioglossus. To clarify the role of HIF-lot in contractile properties of the genioglossus, this study generated and compared high-throughput RNA-sequencing data from genioglossus between HIF-1α conditional knockout （KO） mice and littermate wild-type （WT） mice. Methods： KO mice were generated with cre-loxP strategy. Gene expression profile analysis was performed using gene enrichment analysis. Gene ontology （GO） and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG） pathway analyses of differently expressed messenger RNAs were performed to identify the related pathways and biological lhnctions. Six differentially expressed genes （DEGs） were validated by qualitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Results： A total of 142 （77 upregulated and 65 downregulated） transcripts were found to exhibit statistically significant difference between the HIF-la-KO and WT mice. GO and KEGG analyses indicated that DEGs included genes involved in ＂skeletal muscle cell differentiation,＂＂muscle organ development,＂＂glucose metabolic process,＂＂glycogen biosynthetic and metabolic process,＂ etc. Conclusion： This study might provide evidence that H IF-lot affects the expression of multiple genes involved in the myogenesis, muscle developrnent, and carbohydrate metabolism through transcriptome analysis in conditional HIE-1α-KO mice.

关键词： carbohydrate metabolism Genioglossus Hypoxia-inducible Factor-1α Myogenesis Transcriptomic Analysis

metabolism of carbohydrate in alimentary tract of reindeer in winter

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Integrative Zoology 2006年第2期1卷 67-69页

作者： Tatyana I.KOCHAN Institute of Physiology Komi Science CenterUral Branch of Russian Academy of SciencesSyktyvkarPervomayskayaRussia

The study was conducted on six reindeers in *** was established that concentration of reducing sugars in the chyme of jejunum increases substantially(6 times in comparison with abomasum),whereas concentration cellulose,on the contrary,decreases(4.5 times).The maximal increase of monosaccharides in the small intestine testifies to formation of metabolic fund of sugars in this part of the alimentary tract due to high degree of polysaccharides hydrolysis of exogenous,as well as endogenous,microbial *** data assume that the need of the reindeer for glucose is provided for not only by gluconeogenesis as it was considered before,but also by absorption of monosaccharides from the alimentary tract.

关键词： alimentary tract blood glucose carbohydrate metabolism reindeers