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breast milk Lead and Cadmium Levels in Suburban Areas of Nanjing,China

Chinese Medical Sciences Journal 2013年第1期28卷 7-15页

作者： Kang-sheng Liu Jia-hu Hao Yu-qing Xu Xiao-qi Gu Juan Shi Chun-fang Dai Fei Xu Rong Shen State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine Department of Clinical LaboratoryNanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University Department of Maternity and Child Health Care School of Public HealthAnhui Medical University Director's Office Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University Child Health Care Department Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University Obstetrical Department Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University Department of Clinical Laboratory Nanjing Children's Hospital

Objective To evaluate levels of lead(Pb) and cadmium(Cd) in the breast milk in the second postpartum month,to investigate the relationship between Pb/Cd levels in breast milk and some sociodemographic parameters,and to explore whether these levels affect the infants' physical status or the mothers' psychological status(postpartum depression).Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted between November 2009 and December *** 170 healthy mothers were enrolled from Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care *** inclusion criteria were:voluntary to participate in this study,healthy,with no chronic disease,breastfeeding in the second postpartum month,living in a suburban but not non-industrial area of Nanjing,and not occupationally exposed to toxic *** the mothers completed a questionnaire and were evaluated based on the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale(EPDS) to identify the risk of postpartum *** and Cd levels in breast milk were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass *** infants of these mothers were examined for their z scores of weight for age,length for age,head circumference for age,and body mass index for *** The median breast milk levels of Pb and Cd were 40.6 μg/L and 0.67 μg/L,*** 164(96.5%) of the 170 samples,Pb levels were higher than the limit reported by the World Health Organization(> 5 μg/L).breast milk Cd level was > 1 μg/L in 54(31.8%) *** mothers with a history of anemia had a higher breast milk Pb level than those without a history of anemia(41.1 μg/L vs.37.9 μg/L,P = 0.050).The median breast milk Cd level in those who were active and passive smokers during pregnancy was significantly higher than that in non-smokers(0.88 μg/L vs.0.00 μg/L,P = 0.025).The breast milk Cd level in the mothers not taking iron and vitamin supplements for 2 months postpartum was higher than in those taking the supplements(iron supplement:0.74 μg/L vs.0.00 μg/L,P = 0.025;vitamin supplemen

关键词： lead cadmium suburban areas breast milk Edinburgh Postpartum Depres-sion Scale

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Identification and characterization of resistance and pathogenicity of Enterococcus *** samples of donor breast milk

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2020年第3期9卷 53-62页

作者： Luana Andrade Mendes Santana Nivea Nara Novais Andrade Lucas Santana Coelho da Silva Caline Novais Teixeira Oliveira Breno Bittencourt de Brito Fabricio Freire de Melo Claudio Lima Souza Lucas Miranda Marques Marcio Vasconcelos Oliveira Oliveira Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde Universidade Federal da BahiaVitória da Conquista 45029-094BahiaBrazil

BACKGROUND breast milk is the primary source of nutrition for *** babies frequently need nutritional support from Human milk *** bacterial species of the genus Enterococcus are part of the microbiota of healthy donors,they may contaminate samples of pumped breast *** To identify and characterize the bacterial virulence and resistance in samples isolated from the nipple-areolar region,hands,and breast milk aliquots from donors at the Human milk Bank of Municipal Hospital EsauMatos in the city of Vitória da Conquista,Bahia State,*** The personal hygiene and sanitation of donors were analyzed with the aim of identifying possible reasons for contamination of pumped *** samples as well as aliquots of unpasteurized and pasteurized milk from 30 participants were *** Enterococcus *** underwent a disk diffusion susceptibility test and molecular biology techniques to determine resistance and virulence *** Enterococcus *** identified in 30%of donors(n=9),and 11 specimens were *** to tetracycline was highly prevalent,being detectable in 63%of the isolates(n=7)and followed by intermediate sensitivity to ciprofloxacin,observed in 27%of the specimens(n=3).The efaA gene was found in 63%(n=7)of the isolates,while the ace gene was detected in 27%(n=3).CONCLUSION This study illustrates the importance of microbiological monitoring by Human milk Banks and the need for alternatives to prevent the presence of Enterococcus *** hospital settings.

关键词： Enterococcus spp. breast milk Virulence Human milk Pasteurization Antimicrobial resistanc

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breast milk:Its Role in Early Development of the Immune System and Long-Term Health

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2019年第4期9卷 458-473页

作者： Begüm Harmancioglu Seray Kabaran Department of Nutrition and Dietetics Faculty of Health SciencesEastern Mediterranean UniversityFamagustaTurkey

breast milk is the best source of nutrition that provides the energy and nutrients needed for the ideal growth and development of newborns and infants. Besides, breast milk includes various bioactive compounds, which protects infants against infectious agents and antigens and contributes to immune maturation, organ development and microbial colonization. breast milk is dynamic;the composition of the nutrients and the content of immunological active compounds may change in each stage of lactation. During the early stages of lactation, biological and immunological active compounds provide additional support to the development of the neonatal immune system. After these stages, the composition of breast milk continues to provide appropriate energy and nutrients according to the infant needs, in order to protect neonatal immune system and maintain the development and growth of infants. Immunological maturation during the fetal life and the first months of life is provided by immunoglobulins in breast milk, which are among the most important immune protective factors and transferred to infants through breastfeeding. Due to their biological characteristics, Secretory Immunoglobulin A (SIgA) antibodies are the most important antibodies in breast milk, which provide the first defense against the antigens in the intestines of infants. In addition to antibodies, enzymes, including active leukocytes, cytokines, oligosaccharides, lactoferrin, lysozyme and lactoperoxidase, as well as biological and immunological factors, such as hormones, growth factors, bioactive peptides, nucleotides and fatty acids are transferred to infants through breastfeeding. There is now a growing body of evidence suggesting that breastfeeding protects infants against many infections such as gastrointestinal system and respiratory tract infections, strengthens immune system and provides protective effects against allergic and autoimmune diseases in later life.

关键词： breast milk breast milk Immunology Neonatal Immune System Immune-Mediated Diseases

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Identification of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium 16S rRNA Gene in breast milk of Some Healthy Women in Kinshasa (DR Congo)

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2023年第2期11卷 275-286页

作者： Olivier Nzingula Junior Disashi José Mulwahali Pius Kabututu Paola Biakas Justin Masumu Biochemistry Laboratory Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Kinshasa Kinshasa DR Congo Molecular Biology and Microbiology Laboratory Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Kinshasa Kinshasa DR Congo Laboratory of Molecular Biology Faculty of Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa DR Congo Laboratory of the Multidisciplinary Molecular Biology Unit National Institute of Biomedical Research Kinshasa DR Congo National Pedagogical University Kinshasa DR Congo Central Veterinary Laboratory Kinshasa DR Congo

breast milk is important for infant health. Some of its benefits are due to the presence of a specific population of bacteria in the microflora. However, the microbiome of breast milk is influenced by many parameters such as maternal diet, breastfeeding and geographic location. Culture and non-culture methods have been used in studies of this bacterial population worldwide. But in the DR Congo, there was no study reporting the use of culture-independent techniques to characterize the bacterial diversity of human milk. The aim of this study was to identify the bacterial 16S rRNA gene from two genera Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. The 16S rRNA gene was also identified from four species: Lactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Bifidobacterium longum and Bifidobacterium lactis. This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in Kinshasa. breast milk from some healthy women was collected from February 2 to 28, 2018. A culture-independent protocol using the classical polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to identify the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. The 68 samples of breast milk were collected in a sterile condition. The bacteria-specific ribosomal gene 16S rRNA was detected in 91.18% of Lactobacillus and 32.35% of Bifidobacterium at genus level. At of species level, only Lactobacillus reuteri 16S rRNA gene was identified in 89.71%. The 16S rRNA gene from the other species could not be amplified. There was also an association between educational level and the presence of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus 16S rRNA genes in the breast milk (p = 0.008*, p Conclusion: This study demonstrates the presence of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene from Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium in breast milk at the genus and Lactobacillus reuteri at species level. A further study on the diet, use of antibiotics during pregnancy and lactation practice will provide a better understanding of the microflora of breast milk.

关键词： 16S rRNA PCR Lactobacillus Bifidobacterium breast milk

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Determination of the Fatty Acid Profile of breast milk from Nursing Mothers in Bungoma County, Kenya

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2016年第8期7卷 661-670页

作者： Virate J. Kiprop Amy W. Girard Lilian A. Gogo Mary N. Omwamba Symon M. Mahungu Department of Dairy and Food Science and Technology Egerton University Egerton Kenya Rollins School of Public Health Emory University Atlanta GA USA

The fatty acid profile in breast milk of nursing mothers who participated in a Cohort for Vitamin A (COVA) study at the fourth and ninth month of lactation was investigated. breast milk samples were collected by manual expression and stored at - 20°C until analysis. The fat was extracted from the milk and methylated using the American Oil Chemists’ Society (AOCS) Official Methods with modifications. The separation, identification and quantification of the fatty acid methyl esters was performed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Fat contents of human milk increased significantly between the fourth and ninth month of lactation 0.38 and 1.21 mg·mL-1 respectively;P 0.05) than the average percent of the total unsaturated FAs (48.93%). Similarly, at the 9th month the percentage average of the total saturated fatty acids (15.18%) was significantly lower (P breast milk significantly increased in the 9th compared to the 4th month of lactation. The fatty profile was also significantly different with the omega 6 being the dominant at the 9th month compared with the omega - 9 being dominant at the 4th month of lactation.

关键词： Fatty acid Profile breast milk Nursing Mothers Fatty Acid Methyl Esters Lactation

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Comparison Effectiveness breast milk and Dry Sterile Gauze to Treatment Umbilical Cord

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Open Journal of Nursing 2016年第2期6卷 94-99页

作者： Aris Hartono Nasrul Hadi Purwanto Department of Nursing STIKES Dian Husada Mojokerto Indonesia

Infection of the umbilical cord has been the cause of illness and death constantly in different countries. Each year 500,000 infants die from neonatal tetanus and 460,000 infants die from bacterial infections. One way that is currently being developed is the use breast milk. Various kinds of content of nutrients and substances that exist in breast milk may reduce the risk of incidence of the infection so that the baby can avoid the incidence of umbilical cord infection. This type of research is quasy experiments with static group comparison. The research data are obtained by researchers using observation sheet, then the data are tabulated. Results of the observation of the time required in the treatment of breast milk and umbilical cord using dry Sterile gauze then compare and conclusions draw an average release time of each media. From the results, the average time of the release of the umbilical cord using breast milk is for 127.41 hours and the average time of the release of the umbilical cord using dry Sterile gauze is for 157.38 hours. From the results of correlation Mann Whitney test with significance level α = 0.05 is obtained significance value (p) of 0.00. It takes a more active research and in a greater scope to conduct more studies in the use of breast milk to use for umbilicard cord of the baby. That requires the active participation of various stakeholders to provide support in implementing it.

关键词： Umbilical Cord breast milk Dry Sterile Gauze

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Constant and trace elements in breast milk and diet of the Chinese lactating women

Constant and trace elements in breast milk and diet of the C...

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中国奶业协会2008年会

作者： Qian Geng Qinghai Sheng Peng Wei Xinping Fang Sanlu Group Co.Ltd.,Shijiazhuang 050071 China

Potassium,calcium,sodium,magnesium,copper,zinc,iron and manganese were measured by AAS in 5 colostrum samples,5 transitional milk samples and 30 mature milks from healthy Chinese lactating women collected between 0-5,6-20 and 21～180d after *** mean concentration of potassium and sodium(P≤0.05) were significantly higher in the colostrum milk as compared to the mature milk and the mean concentration of potassium(P≤0.05) was significantly higher in the transitional milk as compared to the mature milk,while the comparison of the mean concentration of potassium between colostrum and transitional milk,and the mean concentrations of sodium between colostrum and transitional milk,and transitional milk and mature milk were not significantly *** the mean concentrations of calcium,magnesium, copper,zinc,iron and manganese between colostrum and transitional milk,colostrum and mature milk and transitional milk and mature milk were not significantly *** mean concentrations of potassium,calcium,sodium,magnesium, copper,zinc,iron and manganese were measured according to the daily food intake of the lactating women and were compared with the Chinese Dietary Reference *** results showed that the mainly constant and trace elements intake by mothers were significantly under the standard recommended amounts.

关键词： constant elements trace elements Chinese women breast milk diet

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Antibacterial function and mechanism of peptide β-casein 65 from breast milk

Antibacterial function and mechanism of peptide β-casein 65...

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第十三届江浙沪儿科学术会议暨2016年浙江省医学会儿科学学术年会

作者： Jun Zhang Lianghui You Yanrong Fu Xiao Liu Xing Wang Yun Li Xianwei Cui Chenbo Ji Xirong Guo Department of Pediatrics Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University Maternal and Child Health Institute Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital

breast milk which has an effective function on preventing infection is the ideal food for newborns.β-casein65 is a novel endogenous peptides found in preterm milk by Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS) *** experiments confirm that β-casein65 has strong antibacterial activity on common newborn infection bacteria such as *** and *** by agarose filter paper diffusion method and microdilution *** use Live/Dead Baclight Bacterial Viability Kit test *** and *** treated with β-*** observe the cell membrane and inner structure by scanning electron microscope and transmission electron *** found that β-casein 65 has cell killing and injury effect by damage cell *** membrane exhibits wrinkles,holes,or even *** interaction between β-casein65 and the genomic DNA or RNA was examined by agarose gel *** was no significant difference when *** and *** treated with β-*** study confirmed the antibacterial function and possible mechanism of β-casein *** study will be carried out on animal model.β-casein65 will have a huge potential clinical value for preventing infection.

关键词： antibacterial peptide β-casein 65 peptide breast milk

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A validated HPLC method with fluorescence detection for the determination of droperidol in pharmaceuticals,human serum and breast milk

A validated HPLC method with fluorescence detection for the ...

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大连国际色谱学术报告会和展览会

作者： YeniceliD Dogrukol-AkD TuncelM Anadolu University Faculty of PharmacyDepartment of Analytical Chemistry 26470 EskisehirTürkiye Anadolu University Faculty of PharmacyDepartment of Analytical Chemistry 26470 EskisehirTürkiye Anadolu University Faculty of PharmacyDepartment of Analytical Chemistry 26470 EskisehirTürkiye

＜正＞A sensitive and simple HPLC method with fluorimetric detection has been developed for the determination of droperidol in pharmaceuticals,human serum and breast *** and internal standard were chromatographed on a C18 column（100 mm,3 mm I.D.）using a mobile phase consisting of methanol and water（30:70,v/v,pH:3.5）,at a flow rate of 0.8 ***-1 and detected fiuorimetrically by monitoring the excitation at 283 nm and the emission at 324 *** standard was p-hydroxybenzoic *** effect of the parameters such as pH,MeOH content and flow rate of the mobile phase on the chromatographic separation of droperidol was *** method shows good selectivity,linearity and sensitivity according to validation *** applicability of the proposed method for the determination of droperidol in pharmaceuticals,human serum and breast milk was demonsrated.

关键词： Droperidol HPLC Fluorimetric detection Pharmaceuticals Serum breast milk

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The level of bile salt-stimulated lipase in the milk of Chinese women and its association with maternal BMI

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2020年第2期34卷 122-128页

作者： Lijun Sha Shanshan Zhou Yangyang Xi Rong Li Xiaonan Li Department of Children Health Care Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210008China

This study aimed to investigate the bile salt-stimulated lipase(BSSL) concentration in the milk of Chinese women and its correlation with maternal body mass index(BMI), gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) and gestational hypertensive disorder(GHD). The BSSL levels in the milk samples were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). BSSL level in colostrum milk of mothers with full-term infants was positively correlated with pregnancy week and negatively correlated with maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and BMI late in pregnancy. Moreover, the BSSL concentration in mature milk was positively correlated with BMI gain during pregnancy. The BSSL concentration in colostrum milk was lower in GDM mothers than in normal mothers. The BSSL helps infants digest fat in early life and its level was associated with lactation. The changes in BSSL characteristics with maternal BMI and GDM in this study may have clinical implications regarding the effects of pregnancy weight and metabolism on the nutrition and health of the offspring.

关键词： bile salt-stimulated lipase breast milk BMI gestational hypertensive disorder gestational diabetes mellitus

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